Exam 13: The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

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People who work around radioactivity wear film badges to monitor the amount of radiation that reaches their bodies.These badges consist of small pieces of photographic film enclosed in a light-proof wrapper.What kind of radiation do these devices monitor?

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Uranium-235 releases an average of 2.5 neutrons per fission,while plutonium-239 releases an average of 2.7 neutrons per fission.Which of these elements might you therefore expect to have the smaller critical mass?

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Which type of radiation is being emitted in the following incomplete nuclear equation? 214 82 Pb ? 214 83 Bi + ??

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The image below shows a beam of radiation passing between two electrically charged plates. The image below shows a beam of radiation passing between two electrically charged plates.   -Which of the beams is due to an energetic light wave? -Which of the beams is due to an energetic light wave?

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Which of the following nuclear equations correctly describes beta emission?

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Which of the following statements best describes the role of neutrons in the nucleus?

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How do fission power plants work?

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Where did the atoms that make up a newborn baby originate?

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What is a half-life?

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What is a rem?

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Which of the following statements best describes why a large nucleus is more likely to undergo radioactive decay?

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Why would you expect alpha particles to be less able to penetrate materials than beta particles of the same kinetic energy?

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Which of the following elements is the most stable from a nuclear point of view?

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Why is carbon better than lead as a moderator in nuclear reactors?

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Why is the combination of two protons and two neutrons stable,but two protons and one neutron is not?

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Why is the carbon-14 dating not accurate for estimating the age of materials more than 50,000 years old?

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Which type of radiation-alpha,beta,or gamma-results in the greatest change in atomic mass number?

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In bombarding atomic nuclei with proton "bullets," the protons must be accelerated to high energies to make contact with the target nuclei

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If a nucleus of 232 90 Th absorbs a neutron and the resulting nucleus undergoes two successive beta decays (emitting electrons),what nucleus results?

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If a fusion reaction produces no appreciable radioactive isotopes,why does a hydrogen bomb produce significant radioactive fallout?

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