Exam 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between mental and functional fixedness?

A psychological test is valid when it:

Which of the following is TRUE of heuristics?

A plot of the IQ scores of the entire population would yield a(n)distribution.

If we were to plot the IQ scores of every person living in the United States on a graph,we would end up with:

People who are _____ have deficits in their language and motor skills.Although these individuals can hold simple jobs,they need to have a certain degree of supervision throughout their lives.

Which of the following is an advantage of the use of heuristics?

Janet has a knack for figuring things out.When faced with puzzles and problems she has never seen before,Janet always manages to find a solution.Janet has a high _____ intelligence.

Dr.Randazza shows participants a stylized map of a fictitious city.The map includes landmarks,such as a post office,a library,a shopping mall,a bus depot,and an airport.Some of the landmarks are close together,such as the library and the post office.Others are far apart,such as the airport and the shopping mall.Dr.Randazza removes the map.Participants are asked to imagine walking from one landmark to another,either a nearby one or a more distant one.Participants press a key when they have reached the destination in their minds.Based on mental imagery,what do you think Dr.Randazza should find? What would such a result say about mental imagery?

_____ refers to the tendency of old patterns of problem solving to persist.

Which of the following is TRUE of people with high intelligence or intellectually gifted individuals?

Functional fixedness may be seen as a particular example of .

A calculus problem has one correct answer and contains all the information necessary for its solution;thus,it is a(n)problem.

Dr.Ireland's class is attempting to find derivatives,whereas Dr.Jamison's class is developing campaign strategies for a local politician.Which of the following statements is MOST likely TRUE?

Zelma is asked to think of all the words beginning with the letters "squ," such as squeak.She is then given a fill-in-the-blank task where one of the items is "s _ _ o n g." Zelma keeps trying to make "squong" a word,and she has trouble thinking of the common word "strong." Zelma's ability to solve this problem has been hampered by:

According to the _____ heuristic,we assume that events we remember easily are likely to have occurred more frequently in the past-and are more likely to occur in the future-than events that are harder to remember.

Distinguish between crystallized and fluid intelligence.Provide an example of (a)an intellectual task that mainly reflects crystallized intelligence and (b)an intellectual task that mainly reflects fluid intelligence.

Which of the following most likely makes use of heuristics?

In a(n)_____ heuristic,known items are seen as superior to those that are unknown.

_____ may sometimes lead to errors.