Exam 12: Cardiovascular Physiology

During the cardiac cycle,

The pacemaker of the heart is normally the

The Frank-Starling mechanism of the heart describes

Cardiac output is the

The heart valves open and close due to

The Starling forces which influence the rates of movement of fluid out of capillaries and into the interstitial fluids are the same in all sites for capillary exchange - throughout the body.

Mean arterial pressure can be estimated by determining the average of the systolic and diastolic pressures.

Which of the following factors would not tend to increase blood pressure directly?

The process of erythrocyte production is called

The only time during the cardiac cycle that the AV valves are open is systole.

At rest,more blood flows per minute to the kidneys and abdominal organs than to the muscles and skin.

Which of the following criteria must be met for the heart to function efficiently?

During stimulation of the parasympathetic nerves,plasma levels of epinephrine increase.

When arterioles constrict it raises blood pressure and increases the volume of forward flow,while constriction in veins reduces forward flow by decreasing pressure.

Consider the equation F = DP/R. It describes the flow (F)of fluid in a tube in which there is a pressure difference (DP)between the two ends and a resistance (R)to flow.The equation indicates that

During exercise,sympathetic stimulation of the heart and arteriolar smooth muscle is enhanced because of reflexes triggered by elevated mean arterial pressure and elevated pulse pressure.

The plateau of the action potential in cardiac ventricular cells results from the opening of voltage-gated slow ___________ channels in the plasma membrane of the cell.

During isovolumetric ventricular contraction,

Which of the following statements about blood clotting is not true? Blood clotting

Platelet aggregation is