Question 1

The relative refractory period of an axon coincides with the period of

Accepted Answer

A) Activation and inactivation of voltage-dependent Na+ channels 
B) Increased Na+ flux into the cell 
C) Increased K+ flux into the cell 
D) Increased K+ flux out of the cell 
E) Increased Na+ flux out of the cell 
A) Activation and inactivation of voltage-dependent Na+ channels 
B) Increased Na+ flux into the cell 
C) Increased K+ flux into the cell 
D) Increased K+ flux out of the cell 
E) Increased Na+ flux out of the cell D

Question 2

Which of the following neurotransmitters is secreted by adrenergic neurons?

Accepted Answer

A) Acetylcholine 
B) Dopamine 
C) Endorphins 
D) Norepinephrine 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) Acetylcholine 
B) Dopamine 
C) Endorphins 
D) Norepinephrine 
E) All of the choices are correct D

Question 3

The equilibrium potential of a given ion across a membrane is

Accepted Answer

A) A function of the concentration of that ion on both sides of the membrane 
B) The potential at which there is no net movement of that ion across the membrane 
C) The potential difference across the membrane that creates an electric force favoring diffusion of the ion in one direction that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the diffusion force provided by the concentration difference of the ion across the membrane 
D) Both a function of the concentration of that ion on both sides of the membrane and the potential at which there is no net movement of that ion across the membrane are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) A function of the concentration of that ion on both sides of the membrane 
B) The potential at which there is no net movement of that ion across the membrane 
C) The potential difference across the membrane that creates an electric force favoring diffusion of the ion in one direction that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the diffusion force provided by the concentration difference of the ion across the membrane 
D) Both a function of the concentration of that ion on both sides of the membrane and the potential at which there is no net movement of that ion across the membrane are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct E

Question 4

Which of the following is not known to be an important neurotransmitter in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

A) Dopamine 
B) Acetylcholine 
C) Morphine 
D) Glutamate 
E) Substance P 
A) Dopamine 
B) Acetylcholine 
C) Morphine 
D) Glutamate 
E) Substance P

Question 5

In a resting neuron,

Accepted Answer

A) The plasma membrane is freely permeable to sodium ion 
B) The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside 
C) The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ion is about 50 times greater than its permeability to sodium ion 
D) The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ion 
E) None of the choices are true 
A) The plasma membrane is freely permeable to sodium ion 
B) The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside 
C) The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ion is about 50 times greater than its permeability to sodium ion 
D) The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ion 
E) None of the choices are true

Question 6

The difference in electrical charge between two points

Accepted Answer

A) Is called the potential difference between those points 
B) Is called the diffusion potential between those points 
C) Depends upon charge flow between those points 
D) Is the same for all ions 
A) Is called the potential difference between those points 
B) Is called the diffusion potential between those points 
C) Depends upon charge flow between those points 
D) Is the same for all ions

Question 7

Ohm's law (I = E/R)states that current increases with

Accepted Answer

A) Increasing voltage or increasing resistance 
B) Decreasing voltage or decreasing resistance 
C) Increasing voltage or decreasing resistance 
D) Decreasing voltage or increasing resistance 
E) None of the choices are true 
A) Increasing voltage or increasing resistance 
B) Decreasing voltage or decreasing resistance 
C) Increasing voltage or decreasing resistance 
D) Decreasing voltage or increasing resistance 
E) None of the choices are true

Question 8

A presynaptic synapse

Accepted Answer

A) Is a synapse between an axon terminal and a dendrite 
B) Is a synapse between axons 
C) May be either stimulatory or inhibitory 
D) Both is a synapse between an axon terminal and a dendrite and may be either stimulatory or inhibitory are correct 
E) Both is a synapse between axons and may be either stimulatory or inhibitory are correct 
A) Is a synapse between an axon terminal and a dendrite 
B) Is a synapse between axons 
C) May be either stimulatory or inhibitory 
D) Both is a synapse between an axon terminal and a dendrite and may be either stimulatory or inhibitory are correct 
E) Both is a synapse between axons and may be either stimulatory or inhibitory are correct

Question 9

Neuron cell division and nervous system growth continue throughout life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The portion of the peripheral nervous system that is composed of nerve fibers that innervate skeletal muscle is the

Accepted Answer

A) Afferent nervous system 
B) Sympathetic nervous system 
C) Parasympathetic nervous system 
D) Somatic motor nervous system 
E) Autonomic nervous system 
A) Afferent nervous system 
B) Sympathetic nervous system 
C) Parasympathetic nervous system 
D) Somatic motor nervous system 
E) Autonomic nervous system

Question 11

Temporal summation on a postsynaptic membrane

Accepted Answer

A) Refers to the effect on the membrane of one (or more) synaptic event before the effects of a previous synaptic event have died away 
B) Refers only to addition of EPSPs 
C) Refers only to the effect of stimulating different synapses repeatedly 
D) Inevitably leads to action potentials in the axon 
E) Is described by none of these choices 
A) Refers to the effect on the membrane of one (or more) synaptic event before the effects of a previous synaptic event have died away 
B) Refers only to addition of EPSPs 
C) Refers only to the effect of stimulating different synapses repeatedly 
D) Inevitably leads to action potentials in the axon 
E) Is described by none of these choices

Question 12

One of the major inhibitory neurotransmittors in the CNS is

Accepted Answer

A) Glutamate 
B) Dopamine 
C) Norepinephrine 
D) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB
A)  
E) Beta-endorphin 
A) Glutamate 
B) Dopamine 
C) Norepinephrine 
D) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB
A)  
E) Beta-endorphin

Question 13

Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter for

Accepted Answer

A) Preganglionic sympathetic neurons 
B) Postganglionic sympathetic neurons 
C) Motor neurons 
D) Preganglionic sympathetic neurons and postganglionic sympathetic neurons 
E) Preganglionic sympathetic neurons and motor neurons 
A) Preganglionic sympathetic neurons 
B) Postganglionic sympathetic neurons 
C) Motor neurons 
D) Preganglionic sympathetic neurons and postganglionic sympathetic neurons 
E) Preganglionic sympathetic neurons and motor neurons

Question 14

The lipid portion of a cell's plasma membrane constitutes a barrier to current.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A threshold stimulus applied to an excitable membrane is one that is just sufficient to

Accepted Answer

A) Trigger a graded potential in the membrane 
B) Cause a change in membrane potential 
C) Cause net inward movement of positive charge through the membrane 
D) Be conducted to the axon hillock 
E) Depolarize a dendrite 
A) Trigger a graded potential in the membrane 
B) Cause a change in membrane potential 
C) Cause net inward movement of positive charge through the membrane 
D) Be conducted to the axon hillock 
E) Depolarize a dendrite

Question 16

The limbic system is

Accepted Answer

A) Composed of several parts of the diencephalon and cerebrum 
B) Composed of white and gray matter 
C) Associated with emotional responses and learning 
D) Composed of several parts of the diencephalon and cerebrum and associated with emotional responses and learning 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) Composed of several parts of the diencephalon and cerebrum 
B) Composed of white and gray matter 
C) Associated with emotional responses and learning 
D) Composed of several parts of the diencephalon and cerebrum and associated with emotional responses and learning 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 17

Which of the following drugs would not enhance the activity of serotoninergic neurons?

Accepted Answer

A) A drug that increases the uptake of tryptophan into neurons 
B) A drug that inhibits enzymes that break down serotonin 
C) A drug that facilitates reuptake of serotonin by serotoninergic neurons 
D) A drug that up-regulates serotonin receptors 
A) A drug that increases the uptake of tryptophan into neurons 
B) A drug that inhibits enzymes that break down serotonin 
C) A drug that facilitates reuptake of serotonin by serotoninergic neurons 
D) A drug that up-regulates serotonin receptors

Question 18

Which of the following is not true of neuromodulators? They may

Accepted Answer

A) Influence synaptic effectiveness 
B) Act through second messengers 
C) Be released with neurotransmitters 
D) Be the same molecules as neurotransmitters 
E) Be none of the choices 
A) Influence synaptic effectiveness 
B) Act through second messengers 
C) Be released with neurotransmitters 
D) Be the same molecules as neurotransmitters 
E) Be none of the choices

Question 19

The neural code that signals stimulus strength is

Accepted Answer

A) The size of action potentials 
B) The frequency of action potentials 
C) The duration of action potentials 
D) Both the size of action potentials and the frequency of action potentials 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) The size of action potentials 
B) The frequency of action potentials 
C) The duration of action potentials 
D) Both the size of action potentials and the frequency of action potentials 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 20

A given neuron can

Accepted Answer

A) Be either a presynaptic neuron or a postsynaptic neuron 
B) Receive information from more than one other neuron 
C) Transmit information to more than one other neuron 
D) Simultaneously release more than one type of neurotransmitter 
E) Do all of these things 
A) Be either a presynaptic neuron or a postsynaptic neuron 
B) Receive information from more than one other neuron 
C) Transmit information to more than one other neuron 
D) Simultaneously release more than one type of neurotransmitter 
E) Do all of these things

The relative refractory period of an axon coincides with the period of

Which of the following neurotransmitters is secreted by adrenergic neurons?

The equilibrium potential of a given ion across a membrane is

Which of the following is not known to be an important neurotransmitter in the CNS?

In a resting neuron,

The difference in electrical charge between two points

Ohm's law (I = E/R)states that current increases with

A presynaptic synapse

Neuron cell division and nervous system growth continue throughout life.

The portion of the peripheral nervous system that is composed of nerve fibers that innervate skeletal muscle is the

Temporal summation on a postsynaptic membrane

One of the major inhibitory neurotransmittors in the CNS is

Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter for

The lipid portion of a cell's plasma membrane constitutes a barrier to current.

A threshold stimulus applied to an excitable membrane is one that is just sufficient to

The limbic system is

Which of the following drugs would not enhance the activity of serotoninergic neurons?

Which of the following is not true of neuromodulators? They may

The neural code that signals stimulus strength is

A given neuron can

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

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Exam 6: Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

The relative refractory period of an axon coincides with the period of

Which of the following neurotransmitters is secreted by adrenergic neurons?

The equilibrium potential of a given ion across a membrane is

Which of the following is not known to be an important neurotransmitter in the CNS?

In a resting neuron,

The difference in electrical charge between two points

Ohm's law (I = E/R)states that current increases with

A presynaptic synapse

Neuron cell division and nervous system growth continue throughout life.

The portion of the peripheral nervous system that is composed of nerve fibers that innervate skeletal muscle is the

Temporal summation on a postsynaptic membrane

One of the major inhibitory neurotransmittors in the CNS is

Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter for

The lipid portion of a cell's plasma membrane constitutes a barrier to current.

A threshold stimulus applied to an excitable membrane is one that is just sufficient to

The limbic system is

Which of the following drugs would not enhance the activity of serotoninergic neurons?

Which of the following is not true of neuromodulators? They may

The neural code that signals stimulus strength is

A given neuron can

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters