Question 1

Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Enzymes increase the activation energy of a reaction 
B) Enzymes will generally change the equilibrium concentrations of the products and reactants 
C) Enzymes will generally decrease the time required to reach equilibrium 
D) Both enzymes increase the activation energy of a reaction and enzymes will generally change the equilibrium concentrations of the products and reactants are correct 
E) Both enzymes will generally change the equilibrium concentrations of the products and reactants and enzymes will generally decrease the time required to reach equilibrium are correct 
A) Enzymes increase the activation energy of a reaction 
B) Enzymes will generally change the equilibrium concentrations of the products and reactants 
C) Enzymes will generally decrease the time required to reach equilibrium 
D) Both enzymes increase the activation energy of a reaction and enzymes will generally change the equilibrium concentrations of the products and reactants are correct 
E) Both enzymes will generally change the equilibrium concentrations of the products and reactants and enzymes will generally decrease the time required to reach equilibrium are correct C

Question 2

An essential nutrient is one necessary for good health that may or may not be synthesized by the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Functions of the Golgi apparatus include

Accepted Answer

A) Sorting of proteins destined for various destinations in the cell 
B) Modifying proteins destined for secretion 
C) Packaging enzymes destined for lysosomes 
D) Sorting of proteins destined for various destinations in the cell and modifying proteins destined for secretion 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) Sorting of proteins destined for various destinations in the cell 
B) Modifying proteins destined for secretion 
C) Packaging enzymes destined for lysosomes 
D) Sorting of proteins destined for various destinations in the cell and modifying proteins destined for secretion 
E) All of the choices are correct E

Question 4

Substrate phosphorylation takes place in the ribosomes of cells,whereas oxidative phosphorylation takes place in mitochondria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The shape of a ligand and the shape of its binding site influence both the specificity and the affinity of binding.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

An important function of coenzymes is to act as carriers to transport hydrogen atoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Intracellular fluid is defined as the fluid in the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A genome is

Accepted Answer

A) A cluster of genes that are all regulated in the same manner 
B) A measure of the genetic variability in a population 
C) A region of DNA that codes for a single protein 
D) All of the DNA and RNA in a cell at a given point in time 
E) The total genetic information in a typical cell of an organism 
A) A cluster of genes that are all regulated in the same manner 
B) A measure of the genetic variability in a population 
C) A region of DNA that codes for a single protein 
D) All of the DNA and RNA in a cell at a given point in time 
E) The total genetic information in a typical cell of an organism

Question 9

Which of the following does not affect the rate of synthesis of a protein in a cell?

Accepted Answer

A) The rate of its gene's transcription 
B) The rate of initiating protein assembly on ribosomes 
C) The rate of mRNA degradation 
D) The presence or absence of transcription factors 
E) The rate of its tRNA synthesis 
A) The rate of its gene's transcription 
B) The rate of initiating protein assembly on ribosomes 
C) The rate of mRNA degradation 
D) The presence or absence of transcription factors 
E) The rate of its tRNA synthesis

Question 10

Span entire membrane is descriptive of

Accepted Answer

A) Integral membrane proteins 
B) Peripheral membrane proteins 
C) Both kinds of membrane proteins 
A) Integral membrane proteins 
B) Peripheral membrane proteins 
C) Both kinds of membrane proteins

Question 11

Phosphorylated protein as substrate describes

Accepted Answer

A) Protein kinases 
B) Phosphoprotein phosphatases 
C) Both protein kinases and phosphoprotein phosphatases 
D) Neither protein kinases nor phosphoprotein phosphatases 
A) Protein kinases 
B) Phosphoprotein phosphatases 
C) Both protein kinases and phosphoprotein phosphatases 
D) Neither protein kinases nor phosphoprotein phosphatases

Question 12

Consider the reaction: M + N $\overrightarrow { \overleftarrow { }}$ Y + Z Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) The reaction is reversible 
B) At chemical equilibrium, increasing the concentration of M will drive the reaction to the left 
C) At chemical equilibrium, decreasing the concentration of M will drive the reaction to the left 
D) Both the reaction is reversible and at chemical equilibrium, increasing the concentration of M will drive the reaction to the left are correct 
E) Both the reaction is reversible and at chemical equilibrium, decreasing the concentration of M will drive the reaction to the left are correct 
A) The reaction is reversible 
B) At chemical equilibrium, increasing the concentration of M will drive the reaction to the left 
C) At chemical equilibrium, decreasing the concentration of M will drive the reaction to the left 
D) Both the reaction is reversible and at chemical equilibrium, increasing the concentration of M will drive the reaction to the left are correct 
E) Both the reaction is reversible and at chemical equilibrium, decreasing the concentration of M will drive the reaction to the left are correct

Question 13

Which of the following would be a possible effect of a dietary supplement that claims to increase metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) It would increase the chemical breakdown of molecules in the body 
B) It would increase the chemical synthesis of molecules in the body 
C) It would increase the concentration of DNA in a cell 
D) It would increase the energy released from a chemical reaction 
E) Both it would increase the chemical breakdown of molecules in the body and it would increase the chemical synthesis of molecules in the body are correct 
A) It would increase the chemical breakdown of molecules in the body 
B) It would increase the chemical synthesis of molecules in the body 
C) It would increase the concentration of DNA in a cell 
D) It would increase the energy released from a chemical reaction 
E) Both it would increase the chemical breakdown of molecules in the body and it would increase the chemical synthesis of molecules in the body are correct

Question 14

Increasing the concentration of a substrate for a reaction will increase the rate of that reaction until the point of _______ is reached.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Increasing the concentration of a substrate for...

Question 15

Which of the following statements about RNA transcription and translation is true?

Accepted Answer

A) All of the nucleotide sequences in a gene are transcribed into RNA 
B) The entire transcribed message of a gene is translated into amino acid sequences 
C) The mRNA that enters the cytosol is considerably shorter than that synthesized during transcription 
D) Both all of the nucleotide sequences in a gene are transcribed into RNA and the mRNA that enters the cytosol is considerably shorter than that synthesized during transcription are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) All of the nucleotide sequences in a gene are transcribed into RNA 
B) The entire transcribed message of a gene is translated into amino acid sequences 
C) The mRNA that enters the cytosol is considerably shorter than that synthesized during transcription 
D) Both all of the nucleotide sequences in a gene are transcribed into RNA and the mRNA that enters the cytosol is considerably shorter than that synthesized during transcription are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 16

Vitamins

Accepted Answer

A) May be precursors of coenzymes 
B) May be synthesized by the body from precursor subunits 
C) Are required in large amounts for metabolism 
D) Both may be precursors of coenzymes and are required in large amounts for metabolism 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) May be precursors of coenzymes 
B) May be synthesized by the body from precursor subunits 
C) Are required in large amounts for metabolism 
D) Both may be precursors of coenzymes and are required in large amounts for metabolism 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 17

Before an amino acid can be broken down for energy

Accepted Answer

A) The side chain must be removed 
B) The carboxyl group must be removed 
C) It must be converted to NAD+ 
D) The amino group must be removed 
E) It must be phosphorylated 
A) The side chain must be removed 
B) The carboxyl group must be removed 
C) It must be converted to NAD+ 
D) The amino group must be removed 
E) It must be phosphorylated

Question 18

During protein synthesis,

Accepted Answer

A) rRNA and ribosomal proteins are required to identify the beginning of the mRNA coding sequence 
B) Ribosomal enzymes catalyze the formation of hydrogen bonds between amino acids 
C) mRNA is used up during the formation of peptide bonds 
D) Both rRNA and ribosomal proteins are required to identify the beginning of the mRNA coding sequence and ribosomal enzymes catalyze the formation of hydrogen bonds between amino acids occur 
E) All of the choices take place 
A) rRNA and ribosomal proteins are required to identify the beginning of the mRNA coding sequence 
B) Ribosomal enzymes catalyze the formation of hydrogen bonds between amino acids 
C) mRNA is used up during the formation of peptide bonds 
D) Both rRNA and ribosomal proteins are required to identify the beginning of the mRNA coding sequence and ribosomal enzymes catalyze the formation of hydrogen bonds between amino acids occur 
E) All of the choices take place

Question 19

Which of the following is a way that the activity of an enzyme can be modified?

Accepted Answer

A) Allosteric activation 
B) Allosteric inhibition 
C) Covalent activation (e.g., by phosphorylation) 
D) Covalent inhibition (e.g., by phosphorylation) 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) Allosteric activation 
B) Allosteric inhibition 
C) Covalent activation (e.g., by phosphorylation) 
D) Covalent inhibition (e.g., by phosphorylation) 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 20

Fat-soluble vitamins are required for health because they act as coenzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is true?

An essential nutrient is one necessary for good health that may or may not be synthesized by the body.

Functions of the Golgi apparatus include

Substrate phosphorylation takes place in the ribosomes of cells,whereas oxidative phosphorylation takes place in mitochondria.

The shape of a ligand and the shape of its binding site influence both the specificity and the affinity of binding.

An important function of coenzymes is to act as carriers to transport hydrogen atoms.

Intracellular fluid is defined as the fluid in the cytoplasm.

A genome is

Which of the following does not affect the rate of synthesis of a protein in a cell?

Span entire membrane is descriptive of

Phosphorylated protein as substrate describes

Consider the reaction: M + N $\overrightarrow { \overleftarrow { }}$ Y + Z Which of the following is correct?

Which of the following would be a possible effect of a dietary supplement that claims to increase metabolism?

Increasing the concentration of a substrate for a reaction will increase the rate of that reaction until the point of _______ is reached.

Which of the following statements about RNA transcription and translation is true?

Vitamins

Before an amino acid can be broken down for energy

During protein synthesis,

Which of the following is a way that the activity of an enzyme can be modified?

Fat-soluble vitamins are required for health because they act as coenzymes.

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters

Exam 3: Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is true?

An essential nutrient is one necessary for good health that may or may not be synthesized by the body.

Functions of the Golgi apparatus include

Substrate phosphorylation takes place in the ribosomes of cells,whereas oxidative phosphorylation takes place in mitochondria.

The shape of a ligand and the shape of its binding site influence both the specificity and the affinity of binding.

An important function of coenzymes is to act as carriers to transport hydrogen atoms.

Intracellular fluid is defined as the fluid in the cytoplasm.

A genome is

Which of the following does not affect the rate of synthesis of a protein in a cell?

Span entire membrane is descriptive of

Phosphorylated protein as substrate describes

Consider the reaction: M + N ←→\overrightarrow { \overleftarrow { }} Y + Z Which of the following is correct?

Which of the following would be a possible effect of a dietary supplement that claims to increase metabolism?

Increasing the concentration of a substrate for a reaction will increase the rate of that reaction until the point of _______ is reached.

Which of the following statements about RNA transcription and translation is true?

Vitamins

Before an amino acid can be broken down for energy

During protein synthesis,

Which of the following is a way that the activity of an enzyme can be modified?

Fat-soluble vitamins are required for health because they act as coenzymes.

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters

Consider the reaction: M + N $\overrightarrow { \overleftarrow { }}$ Y + Z Which of the following is correct?