Question 1

Compare and contrast the five schedules of reinforcement.Provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The five schedules of reinforcement are: (1)Continuous reinforcement is the simplest schedule and happens when a specific consequence follows each and every occurrence of a desired behavior.Example: Praise. (2)In a fixed interval schedule,workers are rewarded after a certain amount of time,and the length of time between reinforcement periods stays the same.Example: Paycheck. (3)Variable interval schedules are designed to reinforce behavior at more random points in time.Example: Supervisor walk-by. (4)Fixed ratio schedules reinforce behaviors after a certain number of them have been exhibited.Example: Piece-rate pay. (5)Variable ratio schedules reward people after a varying number of exhibited behaviors.Example: Commission pay.

Question 2

The tendency to rely too heavily on one trait or piece of information when making decision refers to which of these biases?

Accepted Answer

A) Availability bias 
B) Confirmation bias 
C) Anchoring 
D) Gambler's fallacy 
E) Halo effect 
A) Availability bias 
B) Confirmation bias 
C) Anchoring 
D) Gambler's fallacy 
E) Halo effect C

Question 3

To be a rational decision maker,one should do all of these EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) boiling the problem down to something that is easily understood. 
B) evaluating all the alternatives simultaneously. 
C) using accurate information to evaluate alternatives. 
D) picking the alternative that maximizes value. 
E) developing an exhaustive list of alternatives to consider as solutions. 
A) boiling the problem down to something that is easily understood. 
B) evaluating all the alternatives simultaneously. 
C) using accurate information to evaluate alternatives. 
D) picking the alternative that maximizes value. 
E) developing an exhaustive list of alternatives to consider as solutions. A

Question 4

The knowledge and skills that distinguish specialists from novices is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) motivation. 
B) expertise. 
C) heuristic. 
D) inspiration. 
E) rationalE.Expertise refers to the knowledge and skills that distinguish experts from novices and less experienced people.Research shows that the differences between experts and novices is almost always a function of learning as opposed to the more popular view that intelligence or other innate differences make the difference. 
A) motivation. 
B) expertise. 
C) heuristic. 
D) inspiration. 
E) rationalE.Expertise refers to the knowledge and skills that distinguish experts from novices and less experienced people.Research shows that the differences between experts and novices is almost always a function of learning as opposed to the more popular view that intelligence or other innate differences make the difference.

Question 5

A manager suspends one of his subordinates for showing up to work late.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) negative feedback. 
B) punishment. 
C) negative reinforcement. 
D) extinction. 
E) neutral reinforcement. 
A) negative feedback. 
B) punishment. 
C) negative reinforcement. 
D) extinction. 
E) neutral reinforcement.

Question 6

_____ refers to the process of generating and choosing from a set of alternatives to solve a problem.

Accepted Answer

A) Decision making 
B) Learning 
C) Intuition 
D) Reinforcement 
E) Conditioning 
A) Decision making 
B) Learning 
C) Intuition 
D) Reinforcement 
E) Conditioning

Question 7

Information that is relatively easily communicated and a large part of what companies teach during training sessions is known as _____ knowledge.

Accepted Answer

A) inherent 
B) inferred 
C) implied 
D) tacit 
E) explicit 
A) inherent 
B) inferred 
C) implied 
D) tacit 
E) explicit

Question 8

The last step of behavior modeling is:

Accepted Answer

A) reinforcement. 
B) production process. 
C) attention process. 
D) retention process. 
E) behavior assessment. 
A) reinforcement. 
B) production process. 
C) attention process. 
D) retention process. 
E) behavior assessment.

Question 9

Those with a performance-prove orientation focus on demonstrating their competence so that others will not think poorly of them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The belief that others think,feel,and act the same way as you do refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) availability bias. 
B) anchoring effect. 
C) bandwagon effect. 
D) projection bias. 
E) halo effect. 
A) availability bias. 
B) anchoring effect. 
C) bandwagon effect. 
D) projection bias. 
E) halo effect.

Question 11

Transfer of training can be fostered if organizations create a(n)_____,an environment that can support the use of new skills.

Accepted Answer

A) locus of control 
B) internal heuristic 
C) climate for transfer 
D) community of practice 
E) social network 
A) locus of control 
B) internal heuristic 
C) climate for transfer 
D) community of practice 
E) social network

Question 12

Compare and contrast rational decision making and bounded rationality.

Accepted Answer

The rational decision-making model offer

Question 13

James is the new manager of operations at Leo Motors.To his dismay,he finds the employees coming in late to work,taking long breaks and behaving unprofessionally at their work stations.James decides to promote desirable work practices.He plans to introduce incentives for meeting the required targets,at the same time withhold incentives when employees meet the target,but their work culture is poor and they continue coming late.Identify the contingencies that James is planning to implement.

Accepted Answer

A) Punishment and extinction 
B) Positive reinforcement and punishment 
C) Punishment and negative reinforcement 
D) Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement 
E) Negative reinforcement and extinction 
A) Punishment and extinction 
B) Positive reinforcement and punishment 
C) Punishment and negative reinforcement 
D) Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement 
E) Negative reinforcement and extinction

Question 14

Which schedule reinforces behaviors after a certain number of them have been exhibited?

Accepted Answer

A) Continuous 
B) Variable interval 
C) Variable ratio 
D) Fixed ratio 
E) Fixed interval 
A) Continuous 
B) Variable interval 
C) Variable ratio 
D) Fixed ratio 
E) Fixed interval

Question 15

Positive reinforcement should necessarily be in the form of material rewards to be effective.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Research shows that desired behaviors tend to disappear much more quickly when reinforcement is discontinued under variable plans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

_____ schedules are designed to reinforce behaviors at more random points in time.

Accepted Answer

A) Fixed ratio 
B) Variable interval 
C) Continuous 
D) Variable ratio 
E) Fixed interval 
A) Fixed ratio 
B) Variable interval 
C) Continuous 
D) Variable ratio 
E) Fixed interval

Question 18

The tendency of people to see their environment only as it affects them and as it is consistent with their expectations is called:

Accepted Answer

A) social identification. 
B) selective perception. 
C) availability bias. 
D) environmental bias. 
E) thin-slicing. 
A) social identification. 
B) selective perception. 
C) availability bias. 
D) environmental bias. 
E) thin-slicing.

Question 19

Research shows that the difference between experts and novices is almost always a function of intelligence as opposed to the more popular view that learning makes the difference.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

With _____ schedule,workers are rewarded after a certain amount of time,and the length of time between reinforcement periods stays the same.

Accepted Answer

A) fixed interval 
B) variable ratio 
C) continuous reinforcement 
D) fixed ratio 
E) variable interval 
A) fixed interval 
B) variable ratio 
C) continuous reinforcement 
D) fixed ratio 
E) variable interval

Compare and contrast the five schedules of reinforcement.Provide an example of each.

The tendency to rely too heavily on one trait or piece of information when making decision refers to which of these biases?

To be a rational decision maker,one should do all of these EXCEPT:

The knowledge and skills that distinguish specialists from novices is referred to as:

A manager suspends one of his subordinates for showing up to work late.This is an example of:

_____ refers to the process of generating and choosing from a set of alternatives to solve a problem.

Information that is relatively easily communicated and a large part of what companies teach during training sessions is known as _____ knowledge.

The last step of behavior modeling is:

Those with a performance-prove orientation focus on demonstrating their competence so that others will not think poorly of them.

The belief that others think,feel,and act the same way as you do refers to:

Transfer of training can be fostered if organizations create a(n)_____,an environment that can support the use of new skills.

Compare and contrast rational decision making and bounded rationality.

Which schedule reinforces behaviors after a certain number of them have been exhibited?

Positive reinforcement should necessarily be in the form of material rewards to be effective.

Research shows that desired behaviors tend to disappear much more quickly when reinforcement is discontinued under variable plans.

_____ schedules are designed to reinforce behaviors at more random points in time.

The tendency of people to see their environment only as it affects them and as it is consistent with their expectations is called:

Research shows that the difference between experts and novices is almost always a function of intelligence as opposed to the more popular view that learning makes the difference.

With _____ schedule,workers are rewarded after a certain amount of time,and the length of time between reinforcement periods stays the same.

What Is Organizational Behavior

Job Performance

Organizational Commitment

Job Satisfaction

Stress

Motivation

Trust, Justice, and Ethics

Personality and Cultural Values

Ability

Teams: Characteristics and Diversity

Teams: Processes and Communication

Leadership: Power and Negotiation

Leadership: Styles and Behaviors

Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Filters

Exam 8: Learning and Decision Making

Compare and contrast the five schedules of reinforcement.Provide an example of each.

The tendency to rely too heavily on one trait or piece of information when making decision refers to which of these biases?

To be a rational decision maker,one should do all of these EXCEPT:

The knowledge and skills that distinguish specialists from novices is referred to as:

A manager suspends one of his subordinates for showing up to work late.This is an example of:

_____ refers to the process of generating and choosing from a set of alternatives to solve a problem.

Information that is relatively easily communicated and a large part of what companies teach during training sessions is known as _____ knowledge.

The last step of behavior modeling is:

Those with a performance-prove orientation focus on demonstrating their competence so that others will not think poorly of them.

The belief that others think,feel,and act the same way as you do refers to:

Transfer of training can be fostered if organizations create a(n)_____,an environment that can support the use of new skills.

Compare and contrast rational decision making and bounded rationality.

Which schedule reinforces behaviors after a certain number of them have been exhibited?

Positive reinforcement should necessarily be in the form of material rewards to be effective.

Research shows that desired behaviors tend to disappear much more quickly when reinforcement is discontinued under variable plans.

_____ schedules are designed to reinforce behaviors at more random points in time.

The tendency of people to see their environment only as it affects them and as it is consistent with their expectations is called:

Research shows that the difference between experts and novices is almost always a function of intelligence as opposed to the more popular view that learning makes the difference.

With _____ schedule,workers are rewarded after a certain amount of time,and the length of time between reinforcement periods stays the same.

What Is Organizational Behavior

Job Performance

Organizational Commitment

Job Satisfaction

Stress

Motivation

Trust, Justice, and Ethics

Personality and Cultural Values

Ability

Teams: Characteristics and Diversity

Teams: Processes and Communication

Leadership: Power and Negotiation

Leadership: Styles and Behaviors

Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Filters