Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Dorothy is enrolled in a preschool where she spends much of her time in unstructured activity.She plays with the different toys she chooses,and her teacher acts as a facilitator rather than a director.Which of the following approaches is Dorothy's preschool using?

In general,conservation involves the ability to understand that changes in physical arrangement:

_____ attention is focused and extended engagement with an object,task,event,or other aspect of the environment.

A police officer visits Ben and Heather's class to discuss safety rules.To attract the children's attention,the officer brings colorful balloons and many jars of bubbles for the children to blow.Later,Heather tells her parents all about the balloons and bubbles but cannot remember any of the safety rules the officer presented.Heather obviously paid more attention to what was:

Pointing to a tree,young Leo says "Bird flied away." Leo's interesting but incorrect use of "-ed" in "flied" shows that he is trying to learn the _____ rules of language.

A police officer visits Timothy and Evelyn's class to discuss safety rules.To attract the children's attention,the officer brings colorful balloons and many jars of bubbles for the children to blow.Later,Timothy tells his parents about all the safety rules the officer discussed.Timothy obviously paid attention to what was:

Deaths in young children due to HIV/AIDS especially occur in countries:

By the end of early childhood,girls have more _____ tissue than boys.

Three-year-old Sharon can solve 4-piece jigsaw puzzles on her own but needs her parents' help to solve 6-piece jigsaw puzzles.Which of the following represents the upper limit of Sharon's zone of proximal development (ZPD)for solving such puzzles?

Gross motor skills are to fine motor skills as _____ is to _____.

Arielle took part in one of Walter Mischel's delay of gratification studies.She was able to stop herself from eating the marshmallow by humming a song to herself.What does research suggest about her future?

Cynthia shows a number of behaviors different from children her age,including deficits in social interaction and communication as well as repetitive behaviors or interests.She is indifferent toward others and prefers to be alone.She is more interested in objects than people.It is MOST likely that she suffers from:

Tale is in a Tools of the Mind classroom.His teacher guides him to plan his own message by drawing a line to stand for each word he says.Tale then repeats the message,pointing to each line as he says the word.Finally,he writes on the lines,trying to represent each word with some letters or symbols.This process is called:

Zone of proximal development (ZPD)is Vygotsky's term for:

"My computer doesn't like me.It keeps eating my pictures" says three-year-old Kimberly.This is an example of:

Which of the following can enhance a child's safety and reduce the likelihood of injury?

Which of the following statements about childhood obesity is true?

_____ is a process in which nerve cells are covered and insulated with a layer of fat cells.

Irene is taking a test where she hears a random list of numbers that she is asked to repeat in the right order.Irene is having her _____ memory tested.

Which of the following is true of Lev Vygotsky's educational applications?