Question 1

Mitochondrial DNA sequences are useful to track recent evolution because

Accepted Answer

A) it mutates faster than nuclear DNA. 
B) it encodes more ancient proteins than does nuclear DNA. 
C) it is more stable than nuclear DNA. 
D) it is inherited from mothers only. 
A) it mutates faster than nuclear DNA. 
B) it encodes more ancient proteins than does nuclear DNA. 
C) it is more stable than nuclear DNA. 
D) it is inherited from mothers only. A

Question 2

Otzi the Ice Man is a well preserved example of

Accepted Answer

A) Homo erectus. 
B) Homo habilis. 
C) Australopithecus robustus. 
D) Homo sapiens. 
A) Homo erectus. 
B) Homo habilis. 
C) Australopithecus robustus. 
D) Homo sapiens. D

Question 3

The most recent known habitat of Neanderthals was

Accepted Answer

A) New Jersey. 
B) Gibraltar. 
C) Vancouver. 
D) Sardinia. 
A) New Jersey. 
B) Gibraltar. 
C) Vancouver. 
D) Sardinia. B

Question 4

The Denisova hominin co-existed with ancestors of modern humans and the Neanderthals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

About 4 million years ago,_____ left the African forest to dwell in the grasslands.

Accepted Answer

A) Dryopithecus 
B) Aegyptopithecus 
C) Australopithecus 
D) Propliopithecus 
A) Dryopithecus 
B) Aegyptopithecus 
C) Australopithecus 
D) Propliopithecus

Question 6

Which of the following is true about the human and chimpanzee genomes?

Accepted Answer

A) 99% of the DNA sequences found in chimpanzees are also found in humans. 
B) Considering indels and sequences not present in humans,the similarity between human and chimp genomes is about 97.5%. 
C) Chimpanzees have DNA sequences in their genome that are not present in the human genome. 
D) The human and chimp genomes differ in DNA sequences but not in number of copies of DNA sequences. 
A) 99% of the DNA sequences found in chimpanzees are also found in humans. 
B) Considering indels and sequences not present in humans,the similarity between human and chimp genomes is about 97.5%. 
C) Chimpanzees have DNA sequences in their genome that are not present in the human genome. 
D) The human and chimp genomes differ in DNA sequences but not in number of copies of DNA sequences.

Question 7

Evolutionary tree diagrams compare

Accepted Answer

A) anatomical similarities revealed in fossil evidence for several related species. 
B) the sizes and shapes of body part in related species. 
C) conserved DNA sequences for which the rate of base substitution mutation is known. 
D) data derived from radioactive dating of fossils,with the half-life used to estimate time. 
A) anatomical similarities revealed in fossil evidence for several related species. 
B) the sizes and shapes of body part in related species. 
C) conserved DNA sequences for which the rate of base substitution mutation is known. 
D) data derived from radioactive dating of fossils,with the half-life used to estimate time.

Question 8

A study of certain nuclear genes in humans and chimpanzees shows that the two species differ in 5 percent of their DNA bases.Base substitution mutations occur at a rate of 1 percent per one million years.How many million years ago did these species diverge?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.5 
B) 1 
C) 3 
D) 5 
A) 0.5 
B) 1 
C) 3 
D) 5

Question 9

The first primates with an angled skull base that were probably able to make a wide range of sounds to aid speech were

Accepted Answer

A) Homo habilis. 
B) Homo erectus. 
C) Homo afarensis. 
D) Homo sapiens. 
A) Homo habilis. 
B) Homo erectus. 
C) Homo afarensis. 
D) Homo sapiens.

Question 10

The definition of an indigenous people is a group that

Accepted Answer

A) is the oldest in its geographical area and has retained its culture. 
B) has a genetic disease that is rare in other groups. 
C) has most recently come into a geographical area. 
D) has been the target of discrimination. 
A) is the oldest in its geographical area and has retained its culture. 
B) has a genetic disease that is rare in other groups. 
C) has most recently come into a geographical area. 
D) has been the target of discrimination.

Question 11

Humans and chimps look and behave differently but are genetically so similar because of their differences in _____ rather than in genome sequence.

Accepted Answer

A) gene expression 
B) genetic mutation 
C) phenotypes 
D) mtDNA 
A) gene expression 
B) genetic mutation 
C) phenotypes 
D) mtDNA

Question 12

The first primates known for their extensive use of tools were

Accepted Answer

A) Homo habilis. 
B) Homo erectus. 
C) Homo afarensis. 
D) Homo sapiens. 
A) Homo habilis. 
B) Homo erectus. 
C) Homo afarensis. 
D) Homo sapiens.

Question 13

Modern Europeans and Asians have Neanderthal DNA sequence variants in their genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Molecular clocks that are used to estimate the time when organisms diverged from a common ancestor are only effective when

Accepted Answer

A) the rate of base substitution mutation is known. 
B) the protein cytochrome c of both the species is identical. 
C) fossil evidence is absent or unreliable. 
D) the species being compare are not closely relateD. 
A) the rate of base substitution mutation is known. 
B) the protein cytochrome c of both the species is identical. 
C) fossil evidence is absent or unreliable. 
D) the species being compare are not closely relateD.

Question 15

Comparison of common chromosomal banding patterns between humans and 5 other species are given below.Based on these data,humans are least related to

Accepted Answer

A) gorillas: 99% common chromosome bands. 
B) African green monkeys: 95% common chromosome bands. 
C) domestic cats: 35% common chromosome bands. 
D) mice: 7% common chromosome bands. 
A) gorillas: 99% common chromosome bands. 
B) African green monkeys: 95% common chromosome bands. 
C) domestic cats: 35% common chromosome bands. 
D) mice: 7% common chromosome bands.

Question 16

Nariokotome Boy was one of the first H.erectus individuals described.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Human chromosome banding patterns match most closely those of

Accepted Answer

A) chimpanzees. 
B) monkeys. 
C) gorillas. 
D) orangutans. 
A) chimpanzees. 
B) monkeys. 
C) gorillas. 
D) orangutans.

Question 18

Haplogroups consist of

Accepted Answer

A) sets of species that share a recent ancestor. 
B) the set of Y chromosomes in a population. 
C) groups of SNPs that are linked on a chromosome. 
D) preserved gametes,which are haploiD. 
A) sets of species that share a recent ancestor. 
B) the set of Y chromosomes in a population. 
C) groups of SNPs that are linked on a chromosome. 
D) preserved gametes,which are haploiD.

Question 19

Differences between the amino acid sequence of human cytochrome c and that of 5 other species are given in the choices below.Based on these data,humans are most closely related to

Accepted Answer

A) bullfrogs: 20 amino acid differences. 
B) pigeons: 12 amino acid differences. 
C) fruit flies: 24 amino acid differences. 
D) yeast: 42 amino acid differences. 
A) bullfrogs: 20 amino acid differences. 
B) pigeons: 12 amino acid differences. 
C) fruit flies: 24 amino acid differences. 
D) yeast: 42 amino acid differences.

Question 20

In the evolutionary history of the earth,Homo sapiens probably first appeared approximately _____ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) 2,000 
B) 20,000 
C) 200,000 
D) 2,000,000 
A) 2,000 
B) 20,000 
C) 200,000 
D) 2,000,000

Exam 16: Human Ancestry and Evolution

Mitochondrial DNA sequences are useful to track recent evolution because

Otzi the Ice Man is a well preserved example of

The most recent known habitat of Neanderthals was

The Denisova hominin co-existed with ancestors of modern humans and the Neanderthals.

About 4 million years ago,_____ left the African forest to dwell in the grasslands.

Which of the following is true about the human and chimpanzee genomes?

Evolutionary tree diagrams compare

A study of certain nuclear genes in humans and chimpanzees shows that the two species differ in 5 percent of their DNA bases.Base substitution mutations occur at a rate of 1 percent per one million years.How many million years ago did these species diverge?

The first primates with an angled skull base that were probably able to make a wide range of sounds to aid speech were

The definition of an indigenous people is a group that

Humans and chimps look and behave differently but are genetically so similar because of their differences in _____ rather than in genome sequence.

The first primates known for their extensive use of tools were

Modern Europeans and Asians have Neanderthal DNA sequence variants in their genome.

Molecular clocks that are used to estimate the time when organisms diverged from a common ancestor are only effective when

Comparison of common chromosomal banding patterns between humans and 5 other species are given below.Based on these data,humans are least related to

Nariokotome Boy was one of the first H.erectus individuals described.

Human chromosome banding patterns match most closely those of

Haplogroups consist of

Differences between the amino acid sequence of human cytochrome c and that of 5 other species are given in the choices below.Based on these data,humans are most closely related to

In the evolutionary history of the earth,Homo sapiens probably first appeared approximately _____ years ago.

What Is in a Human Genome

Cells

Meiosis,Development and Aging

Single-Gene Inheritance

Beyond Mendels Laws

Matters of Sex

Multifactorial Traits

Genetics of Behavior

DNA Structure and Replication

Gene Action: From DNA to Protein

Gene Expression and Epigenetics

Gene Mutation

Chromosomes

Constant Allele Frequencies

Changing Allele Frequencies

Genetics of Immunity

Cancer Genetics and Genomics

Genetic Technologies: Patenting, modifying, and Monitoring Dna

Genetic Testing and Treatment

Reproductive Technologies

Genomics

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