Question 1

MicroRNAs bind to

Accepted Answer

A) the 3' ends of specific mRNAs. 
B) the 5' ends of specific rRNAs. 
C) the 3' ends of specific tRNAs. 
D) the 4' ends of specific mRNAs. 
A) the 3' ends of specific mRNAs. 
B) the 5' ends of specific rRNAs. 
C) the 3' ends of specific tRNAs. 
D) the 4' ends of specific mRNAs. A

Question 2

Histone proteins

Accepted Answer

A) are male sex hormones. 
B) are inert spool-like structural supports around which DNA winds. 
C) control gene expression through chemical interactions that expose parts of the DNA to transcription factors,while shielding other parts. 
D) bind to mRNAs,preventing their translation into protein. 
A) are male sex hormones. 
B) are inert spool-like structural supports around which DNA winds. 
C) control gene expression through chemical interactions that expose parts of the DNA to transcription factors,while shielding other parts. 
D) bind to mRNAs,preventing their translation into protein. C

Question 3

Multiple proteins can be produced from a single gene by

Accepted Answer

A) intron shuffling. 
B) alternate splicing. 
C) chain switching. 
D) chromatin remodeling. 
A) intron shuffling. 
B) alternate splicing. 
C) chain switching. 
D) chromatin remodeling. B

Question 4

Fetal hemoglobin is hemoglobin that consists of two gamma chains and _____.

Accepted Answer

A) two alpha chains 
B) two beta chains 
C) two zeta chains 
D) two epsilon chains 
A) two alpha chains 
B) two beta chains 
C) two zeta chains 
D) two epsilon chains

Question 5

About _____ percent of human genes are alternately spliced.

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 40 
C) 75 
D) 90 
A) 10 
B) 40 
C) 75 
D) 90

Question 6

The promoter of a gene is the part of a gene where RNA polymerase and transcription factors bind,marking the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) end point of transcription 
B) start point of transcription 
C) end point of translation 
D) start point of translation 
A) end point of transcription 
B) start point of transcription 
C) end point of translation 
D) start point of translation

Question 7

The most important chemical group that determines how tightly histones bind DNA is

Accepted Answer

A) acetyl. 
B) methyl. 
C) ethyl. 
D) phosphate. 
A) acetyl. 
B) methyl. 
C) ethyl. 
D) phosphate.

Question 8

Modifiers of gene expression include

Accepted Answer

A) isolated amino acids and tRNAs. 
B) specific classes of proteins and RNA molecules. 
C) specific classes of lipids and carbohydrates. 
D) nicotine and alcohol. 
A) isolated amino acids and tRNAs. 
B) specific classes of proteins and RNA molecules. 
C) specific classes of lipids and carbohydrates. 
D) nicotine and alcohol.

Question 9

The complexity of microRNA function is that

Accepted Answer

A) microRNAs can be rRNA,mRNA,or tRNA. 
B) they range in size from 10 to 10,000 bases. 
C) a microRNA type can bind several mRNAs,and an mRNA can bind several microRNAs. 
D) it can be acetylated,phosphorylated,or methylateD. 
A) microRNAs can be rRNA,mRNA,or tRNA. 
B) they range in size from 10 to 10,000 bases. 
C) a microRNA type can bind several mRNAs,and an mRNA can bind several microRNAs. 
D) it can be acetylated,phosphorylated,or methylateD.

Question 10

The "methylome" is the collection of all the methylated sites in the genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

"Epigenetic" means

Accepted Answer

A) "inside the gene." 
B) "inside the protein." 
C) "outside the gene." 
D) "outside the protein." 
A) "inside the gene." 
B) "inside the protein." 
C) "outside the gene." 
D) "outside the protein."

Question 12

Fetal hemoglobin carries _____ percent more oxygen than adult hemoglobin.

Accepted Answer

A) 5 to 10 
B) 20 to 30 
C) 50 to 60 
D) 80 to 90 
A) 5 to 10 
B) 20 to 30 
C) 50 to 60 
D) 80 to 90

Question 13

Noncoding RNAs include all types of RNA molecules except

Accepted Answer

A) tRNAs. 
B) rRNAs. 
C) HERVs. 
D) mRNAs. 
A) tRNAs. 
B) rRNAs. 
C) HERVs. 
D) mRNAs.

Question 14

An example of the utility of gene expression profiling in a clinical situation is

Accepted Answer

A) finding that a child has inherited a certain genotype. 
B) identifying genes with aberrant expression levels in cancers likely to spread. 
C) determining whether a medical condition is inherited or not. 
D) replacing a gene bearing a mutation with a wild type version in the affected tissue. 
A) finding that a child has inherited a certain genotype. 
B) identifying genes with aberrant expression levels in cancers likely to spread. 
C) determining whether a medical condition is inherited or not. 
D) replacing a gene bearing a mutation with a wild type version in the affected tissue.

Question 15

In the adult pancreas,the beta,alpha,gamma,and F cells are

Accepted Answer

A) stem cells. 
B) progenitor cells. 
C) differentiated cells. 
D) blood cells. 
A) stem cells. 
B) progenitor cells. 
C) differentiated cells. 
D) blood cells.

Question 16

Which metaphors correctly compare chromatin remodeling and microRNA function?

Accepted Answer

A) A hammer and a nail 
B) An on/off switch and a dimmer switch 
C) An elevator and a submarine 
D) An activator and a repressor 
A) A hammer and a nail 
B) An on/off switch and a dimmer switch 
C) An elevator and a submarine 
D) An activator and a repressor

Question 17

A mutation in a promoter causes a disorder in which the blood clots too readily by

Accepted Answer

A) deleting a gene for a clotting factor. 
B) blocking transcription of a clotting factor. 
C) increasing susceptibility to a specific viral infection. 
D) increasing the transcription rate of a particular clotting factor gene. 
A) deleting a gene for a clotting factor. 
B) blocking transcription of a clotting factor. 
C) increasing susceptibility to a specific viral infection. 
D) increasing the transcription rate of a particular clotting factor gene.

Question 18

Understanding the signals that activate pancreatic stem cells to differentiate as beta cells could be used to treat

Accepted Answer

A) restless legs syndrome. 
B) male infertility. 
C) endometriosis. 
D) diabetes mellitus. 
A) restless legs syndrome. 
B) male infertility. 
C) endometriosis. 
D) diabetes mellitus.

Question 19

A microRNA is _____ bases long.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 or 4 
B) 12 or 13 
C) 21 or 22 
D) 100 or 110 
A) 2 or 4 
B) 12 or 13 
C) 21 or 22 
D) 100 or 110

Question 20

About _____ percent of the human genome actually encodes proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.5 
B) 1.5 
C) 5.0 
D) 10 
E) 100 
A) 0.5 
B) 1.5 
C) 5.0 
D) 10 
E) 100

Exam 11: Gene Expression and Epigenetics

MicroRNAs bind to

Histone proteins

Multiple proteins can be produced from a single gene by

Fetal hemoglobin is hemoglobin that consists of two gamma chains and _____.

About _____ percent of human genes are alternately spliced.

The promoter of a gene is the part of a gene where RNA polymerase and transcription factors bind,marking the _____.

The most important chemical group that determines how tightly histones bind DNA is

Modifiers of gene expression include

The complexity of microRNA function is that

The "methylome" is the collection of all the methylated sites in the genome.

"Epigenetic" means

Fetal hemoglobin carries _____ percent more oxygen than adult hemoglobin.

Noncoding RNAs include all types of RNA molecules except

An example of the utility of gene expression profiling in a clinical situation is

In the adult pancreas,the beta,alpha,gamma,and F cells are

Which metaphors correctly compare chromatin remodeling and microRNA function?

A mutation in a promoter causes a disorder in which the blood clots too readily by

Understanding the signals that activate pancreatic stem cells to differentiate as beta cells could be used to treat

A microRNA is _____ bases long.

About _____ percent of the human genome actually encodes proteins.

What Is in a Human Genome

Cells

Meiosis,Development and Aging

Single-Gene Inheritance

Beyond Mendels Laws

Matters of Sex

Multifactorial Traits

Genetics of Behavior

DNA Structure and Replication

Gene Action: From DNA to Protein

Gene Mutation

Chromosomes

Constant Allele Frequencies

Changing Allele Frequencies

Human Ancestry and Evolution

Genetics of Immunity

Cancer Genetics and Genomics

Genetic Technologies: Patenting, modifying, and Monitoring Dna

Genetic Testing and Treatment

Reproductive Technologies

Genomics

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