Question 1

The best description of the probable role that genes play in behavioral disorders is that

Accepted Answer

A) a single gene causes each of these disorders. 
B) the same disorder may be caused by a single gene in one individual,and solely by an environmental factor in another. 
C) single genes with major influences as well as small inputs from common gene variants contribute to susceptibility to behavioral disorders,perhaps requiring environmental triggers. 
D) variants of the same gene underlie major depressive disorder,bipolar disorder,anxiety disorder,eating disorders,and schizophrenia. 
A) a single gene causes each of these disorders. 
B) the same disorder may be caused by a single gene in one individual,and solely by an environmental factor in another. 
C) single genes with major influences as well as small inputs from common gene variants contribute to susceptibility to behavioral disorders,perhaps requiring environmental triggers. 
D) variants of the same gene underlie major depressive disorder,bipolar disorder,anxiety disorder,eating disorders,and schizophrenia.

Question 2

Jeremy leads an active lifestyle.He spends at least two hours in the gym every day.He follows a high protein diet and consumes caffeine in moderate quantities.Despite this,Jeremey falls asleep at his desk four to five times a day.Once he wakes up,he finds it difficult to move around for a few minutes.He likely has

Accepted Answer

A) anorexia nervosA. 
B) bulimia. 
C) schizophrenia. 
D) narcolepsy. 
A) anorexia nervosA. 
B) bulimia. 
C) schizophrenia. 
D) narcolepsy.

Question 3

Which of the following behavioral disorders has the highest rate of prevalence in the U.S.population?

Accepted Answer

A) Major depressive disorder 
B) Schizophrenia 
C) Anorexia nervosa 
D) Autism spectrum disorders 
A) Major depressive disorder 
B) Schizophrenia 
C) Anorexia nervosa 
D) Autism spectrum disorders

Question 4

Early symptoms of schizophrenia affect

Accepted Answer

A) thinking. 
B) hearing. 
C) vision. 
D) aggression. 
A) thinking. 
B) hearing. 
C) vision. 
D) aggression.

Question 5

A synapse is

Accepted Answer

A) a space between neurons. 
B) a neurotransmitter molecule. 
C) a type of protein. 
D) a gene that controls the nervous system. 
A) a space between neurons. 
B) a neurotransmitter molecule. 
C) a type of protein. 
D) a gene that controls the nervous system.

Question 6

The molecular explanation for narcolepsy is that

Accepted Answer

A) certain brain cells have many extra orexin/hypocretin receptors,so these cells receive too many messages to sleep. 
B) the orexin/hypocretin receptor is missing,abnormal in structure,or unable to move to the surface of certain brain cells,blocking signals to stay awake. 
C) a gene is missing in chromosome 6 that encodes the protein narcoleptin. 
D) a viral infection activates genes that promote sleep. 
A) certain brain cells have many extra orexin/hypocretin receptors,so these cells receive too many messages to sleep. 
B) the orexin/hypocretin receptor is missing,abnormal in structure,or unable to move to the surface of certain brain cells,blocking signals to stay awake. 
C) a gene is missing in chromosome 6 that encodes the protein narcoleptin. 
D) a viral infection activates genes that promote sleep.

Question 7

The biological basis of nicotine addiction is that nicotinic receptors bind

Accepted Answer

A) nicotine molecules and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.Binding releases dopamine,which causes pleasurable feelings. 
B) postsynaptic receptors that normally bind endorphins. 
C) the dopaminergic receptor,releasing acetylcholine,which causes the pleasurable feelings. 
D) the pleasure center in the brain. 
A) nicotine molecules and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.Binding releases dopamine,which causes pleasurable feelings. 
B) postsynaptic receptors that normally bind endorphins. 
C) the dopaminergic receptor,releasing acetylcholine,which causes the pleasurable feelings. 
D) the pleasure center in the brain.

Question 8

Harold is so sad that for months he can barely get out of bed.If he does,he just sits at the kitchen table with his head on his hands.Yet for a few weeks,about once every four or five months,he reverses mood.He becomes chatty and animated,uncharacteristically spending lavishly.Harold most likely has

Accepted Answer

A) schizophreniA. 
B) euphoria. 
C) bipolar disorder. 
D) major depressive disorder. 
A) schizophreniA. 
B) euphoria. 
C) bipolar disorder. 
D) major depressive disorder.

Question 9

The biological basis of autism may be

Accepted Answer

A) exposure to Ebola viruses during pregnancy. 
B) formation of aberrant synapses. 
C) interference with the ability to form synapses during childhood that are a response to experience,impairing learning and memory. 
D) binding to nicotinic receptors in a way that destroys neurons in the hippocampus. 
A) exposure to Ebola viruses during pregnancy. 
B) formation of aberrant synapses. 
C) interference with the ability to form synapses during childhood that are a response to experience,impairing learning and memory. 
D) binding to nicotinic receptors in a way that destroys neurons in the hippocampus.

Question 10

Candidate genes for the inherited components of mood disorders affect

Accepted Answer

A) muscle and nerve cell function. 
B) connective tissue function. 
C) signal transduction and neurotransmission. 
D) cellular adhesion and blood clotting. 
A) muscle and nerve cell function. 
B) connective tissue function. 
C) signal transduction and neurotransmission. 
D) cellular adhesion and blood clotting.

Question 11

Natasha has schizophrenia.The probability that her young brother Boris develops schizophrenia too is about _____ times the general worldwide population risk.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 9 
D) 12 
A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 9 
D) 12

Question 12

Schizophrenia affects about _____ percent of the population.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.1 
B) 1.0 
C) 5.0 
D) 10.0 
A) 0.1 
B) 1.0 
C) 5.0 
D) 10.0

Question 13

Genetic contribution to intelligence increases with age because

Accepted Answer

A) the expression of intelligence genes accumulates over time. 
B) a person has more years of schooling. 
C) a person has greater control over his or her environment. 
D) the number of genes that contribute to intelligence increases. 
A) the expression of intelligence genes accumulates over time. 
B) a person has more years of schooling. 
C) a person has greater control over his or her environment. 
D) the number of genes that contribute to intelligence increases.

Question 14

A neurotransmitter that might contribute to causing autism if levels are abnormal is

Accepted Answer

A) dopamine. 
B) trace amines. 
C) glutamate. 
D) norepinephrine. 
A) dopamine. 
B) trace amines. 
C) glutamate. 
D) norepinephrine.

Question 15

In the 1980s,when researchers began seeking gene variants that caused or contributed to bipolar disorder,it seemed that each extended family had its own mutations.These findings,looking back,most likely mean that

Accepted Answer

A) bipolar disorder results from imitating the behavior of an affected family member. 
B) many gene variant combinations cause or contribute to bipolar disorder,but only a few such variants are seen in any one family. 
C) many people fake the symptoms of bipolar disorder. 
D) bipolar disorder reflects changes in gene expression,but not in mutations. 
A) bipolar disorder results from imitating the behavior of an affected family member. 
B) many gene variant combinations cause or contribute to bipolar disorder,but only a few such variants are seen in any one family. 
C) many people fake the symptoms of bipolar disorder. 
D) bipolar disorder reflects changes in gene expression,but not in mutations.

Question 16

The average score on an IQ test,such as the Stanford-Binet,is

Accepted Answer

A) 50. 
B) 75. 
C) 100. 
D) 150. 
A) 50. 
B) 75. 
C) 100. 
D) 150.

Question 17

Erica needs to increasingly consume more cocaine to get the same effect.She is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) tolerance. 
B) dependence. 
C) paranoia. 
D) suicidal ideation. 
A) tolerance. 
B) dependence. 
C) paranoia. 
D) suicidal ideation.

Question 18

The first intelligence tests,developed in the late 19th century,tested a person's

Accepted Answer

A) mathematics and verbal skills. 
B) sensory perception and reaction time. 
C) problem-solving and logic skills. 
D) hand-eye coordination. 
A) mathematics and verbal skills. 
B) sensory perception and reaction time. 
C) problem-solving and logic skills. 
D) hand-eye coordination.

Question 19

Smoking cigarettes causes lung cancer because

Accepted Answer

A) nicotine destroys the membranes of alveoli,the microscopic air sacs.The alveoli expand,and the person cannot completely exhale. 
B) nicotine is deposited as black,sticky tar in respiratory passages. 
C) nicotinic receptors in the lungs bind carcinogens in cigarette smoke. 
D) nicotine binds the A1 allele of the dopamine D(2)receptor. 
A) nicotine destroys the membranes of alveoli,the microscopic air sacs.The alveoli expand,and the person cannot completely exhale. 
B) nicotine is deposited as black,sticky tar in respiratory passages. 
C) nicotinic receptors in the lungs bind carcinogens in cigarette smoke. 
D) nicotine binds the A1 allele of the dopamine D(2)receptor.

Question 20

Evidence that sleep has an inherited component is that

Accepted Answer

A) MZ twins share more sleep characteristics than do DZ twins. 
B) siblings often go to sleep and wake up at the same time. 
C) people with insomnia have the same chromosome abnormality. 
D) DZ twins share more sleep characteristics than do MZ twins. 
A) MZ twins share more sleep characteristics than do DZ twins. 
B) siblings often go to sleep and wake up at the same time. 
C) people with insomnia have the same chromosome abnormality. 
D) DZ twins share more sleep characteristics than do MZ twins.

Exam 8: Genetics of Behavior

The best description of the probable role that genes play in behavioral disorders is that

Which of the following behavioral disorders has the highest rate of prevalence in the U.S.population?

Early symptoms of schizophrenia affect

A synapse is

The molecular explanation for narcolepsy is that

The biological basis of nicotine addiction is that nicotinic receptors bind

The biological basis of autism may be

Candidate genes for the inherited components of mood disorders affect

Natasha has schizophrenia.The probability that her young brother Boris develops schizophrenia too is about _____ times the general worldwide population risk.

Schizophrenia affects about _____ percent of the population.

Genetic contribution to intelligence increases with age because

A neurotransmitter that might contribute to causing autism if levels are abnormal is

In the 1980s,when researchers began seeking gene variants that caused or contributed to bipolar disorder,it seemed that each extended family had its own mutations.These findings,looking back,most likely mean that

The average score on an IQ test,such as the Stanford-Binet,is

Erica needs to increasingly consume more cocaine to get the same effect.She is exhibiting

The first intelligence tests,developed in the late 19th century,tested a person's

Smoking cigarettes causes lung cancer because

Evidence that sleep has an inherited component is that

What Is in a Human Genome

Cells

Meiosis,Development and Aging

Single-Gene Inheritance

Beyond Mendels Laws

Matters of Sex

Multifactorial Traits

DNA Structure and Replication

Gene Action: From DNA to Protein

Gene Expression and Epigenetics

Gene Mutation

Chromosomes

Constant Allele Frequencies

Changing Allele Frequencies

Human Ancestry and Evolution

Genetics of Immunity

Cancer Genetics and Genomics

Genetic Technologies: Patenting, modifying, and Monitoring Dna

Genetic Testing and Treatment

Reproductive Technologies

Genomics

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