Exam 8: Hypothesis Testing: Inferences About a Single Mean

The alpha level directly affects the power of the statistical test,with more _____ alpha levels yielding _____ tests,everything else being equal.

Based on the Method of Presentation section of Chapter 8,the null and alternative hypotheses should be formally written out when reporting the results of a statistical test in a psychological journal.

The null hypothesis is the hypothesis that is assumed to be true in statistical hypothesis testing.

When a researcher knows the population standard deviation,and has a population value to compare a sample value to,the appropriate statistical test is the ____________________.

In a one-sample z test,when you have evidence or reasoning to suggest that your sample mean will most likely differ from the hypothesized population value in one direction (for example,"it will be higher than the hypothesized value"),you would use a

The set of all standard scores that are more extreme than the critical values (that is,less than the negative critical value or greater than the positive critical value.is called a(n)_____ region and constitutes a(n)_____ result.

In the case of a directional test,the alpha level focuses on only one tail of the distribution,and thus is called a ____________________.

If a researcher reports confidence intervals in a research report rather than results of traditional hypothesis,this researcher is utilizing the ____________________.strategy.

Rather than just use the word "significant" to describe rejection of the null hypothesis,it is more precise to use the phrase ____________________.to describe a statistical conclusion.

The probability,given a true null hypothesis,of not making a Type I error--that is,of failing to reject a false null hypothesis--is defined by:

A sampling distribution of means based on all possible random samples of size 25,drawn from a population with a mean of 100,will have a standard error of _____.

A directional alternative hypothesis is one that specifies that a population mean is different from a given value and also indicates the direction of that difference.

Which of the following alternative hypotheses would require using a one-tailed test?

A researcher in sports psychology is interested in the resting pulse rate of long-distance college runners.She does some research and finds data from the U.S.Olympics team showing their long-distance runners have a resting pulse rate of 60 beats per minute.She wants to know if the pulse rate for college runners is different from the Olympic team's m of 60.She randomly samples 20 long-distance runners,and finds Using a nondirectional test with a = .05,what are your critical values?

The critical t value needed to reject the null will always be _____ than a Z value for the same set of scores.

Confidence intervals are calculated around the observed sample mean rather than ì.

Failure to reject the null hypothesis when it is false is called a Type I error.

Suppose you know that the mean score (m)on a measure of the personality trait "Openness to Experience" is 35.66 in a population of artists,with a standard deviation (s)of 13.32.Next,assume you went to Greenwich Village and gave this personality measure to a group of 10 artists.The mean in this sample was 40.33.You are interested in testing whether the 10 Greenwich Village artists were sampled from the same population described above.How would you state the null hypothesis for this test?

A researcher in sports psychology is interested in the resting pulse rate of long-distance college runners.She does some research and finds data from the U.S.Olympics team showing their long-distance runners have a resting pulse rate of 60 beats per minute.She wants to know if the pulse rate for college runners is different from the Olympic team's m of 60.She randomly samples 20 long-distance runners,and finds What is the estimated standard error of the mean?

An alternative hypothesis that specifies that a population mean is different from a given value and also indicates the direction of that difference is called a: