Question 1

Based on investigations with the horse Clever Hans,an important factor researchers should seek to control when testing whether dogs can sniff cancer in urine samples is

Accepted Answer

A) whether the dogs are tested indoors or outdoors. 
B) whether,during testing,the dogs can see people who know which samples came from cancer patients. 
C) that the urine samples should all come from a diverse group of patients. 
D) that some samples should come from people and some from horses. 
A) whether the dogs are tested indoors or outdoors. 
B) whether,during testing,the dogs can see people who know which samples came from cancer patients. 
C) that the urine samples should all come from a diverse group of patients. 
D) that some samples should come from people and some from horses.

Question 2

In an experiment that compares aggressive responses following exposure to media violence in television programming,"aggressive responses" is the __________ and "exposure to media violence" is the __________.

Accepted Answer

A) dependent variable;independent variable 
B) independent variable;dependent variable 
C) construct;operational definition 
D) operational definition;construct 
A) dependent variable;independent variable 
B) independent variable;dependent variable 
C) construct;operational definition 
D) operational definition;construct

Question 3

The criteria used to classify and define mental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders represent an illustration of which of the following goals of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A) description 
B) prediction 
C) explanation 
D) integration 
A) description 
B) prediction 
C) explanation 
D) integration

Question 4

The four goals of research in psychology are

Accepted Answer

A) reliability,validity,experimentation,and theory construction. 
B) description,correlation,experimentation,and theory construction. 
C) description,prediction,explanation,and application. 
D) observation,measurement,causal inference,and explanation. 
A) reliability,validity,experimentation,and theory construction. 
B) description,correlation,experimentation,and theory construction. 
C) description,prediction,explanation,and application. 
D) observation,measurement,causal inference,and explanation.

Question 5

A researcher is interested in testing the effectiveness of a new approach to leading discussion groups in his classes.He assigns all the females in one of his classes to use the new discussion method and all the males to use the old discussion method.The researcher will not be able to interpret the results because his study is flawed due to

Accepted Answer

A) his having limited the boundary of generalizing his results. 
B) the fact that he tested only one of his classes. 
C) his failure to manipulate an independent variable. 
D) the confounding of gender and discussion methoD. 
A) his having limited the boundary of generalizing his results. 
B) the fact that he tested only one of his classes. 
C) his failure to manipulate an independent variable. 
D) the confounding of gender and discussion methoD.

Question 6

In a study investigating the effects of two different types of music on students' test performance,the music represents the

Accepted Answer

A) dependent variable. 
B) intervening variable. 
C) independent variable. 
D) criterion variable. 
A) dependent variable. 
B) intervening variable. 
C) independent variable. 
D) criterion variable.

Question 7

A researcher conducted two experiments to test a theory.One experiment was designed to confirm a hypothesis of the theory and the second experiment was designed to falsify the hypothesis.From the perspective of theory construction and testing,

Accepted Answer

A) the theory is precise and parsimonious. 
B) the theory is neither precise nor parsimonious. 
C) the first experiment is more informative. 
D) the second experiment is more informative. 
A) the theory is precise and parsimonious. 
B) the theory is neither precise nor parsimonious. 
C) the first experiment is more informative. 
D) the second experiment is more informative.

Question 8

A theory that predicts children will develop abstract reasoning by age 12 is more ________ than a theory that predicts the development of abstract reasoning by ages 12 to 20.

Accepted Answer

A) parsimonious 
B) general 
C) precise 
D) hypothetical 
A) parsimonious 
B) general 
C) precise 
D) hypothetical

Question 9

Psychological scientists believe that

Accepted Answer

A) only research conducted in laboratories is important. 
B) only research conducted in real-world settings is important. 
C) both research conducted in laboratories or in real-world settings is important. 
D) research findings are valid only if they have been observed both in laboratories and in real-world settings. 
A) only research conducted in laboratories is important. 
B) only research conducted in real-world settings is important. 
C) both research conducted in laboratories or in real-world settings is important. 
D) research findings are valid only if they have been observed both in laboratories and in real-world settings.

Question 10

Which of the following is an accepted check that scientists can use to determine whether a scientific report is unbiased?

Accepted Answer

A) the precision of the data that are reported 
B) parsimony of explanation 
C) verification by more than one independent observer 
D) the reputation of the scientist making the report 
A) the precision of the data that are reported 
B) parsimony of explanation 
C) verification by more than one independent observer 
D) the reputation of the scientist making the report

Question 11

The research goal of "prediction" is most associated with _____ research,and the research goal of "explanation" is most associated with _____ research.

Accepted Answer

A) applied,basic 
B) multimethod,single method 
C) correlational,experimental 
D) nomothetic,idiographic 
A) applied,basic 
B) multimethod,single method 
C) correlational,experimental 
D) nomothetic,idiographic

Question 12

A new measure of intelligence (e.g. ,how long people can balance a ball on their nose)would be a valid measure of intelligence if scores on the new measure were

Accepted Answer

A) unrelated to scores on other accepted measures of intelligence. 
B) more varied across people than scores on other accepted measures of intelligence. 
C) related to scores on other accepted measures of intelligence. 
D) more precise than scores on other accepted measures of intelligence. 
A) unrelated to scores on other accepted measures of intelligence. 
B) more varied across people than scores on other accepted measures of intelligence. 
C) related to scores on other accepted measures of intelligence. 
D) more precise than scores on other accepted measures of intelligence.

Question 13

The factors that the researcher controls or manipulates in order to determine their effect on behavior are called the

Accepted Answer

A) relevant variables. 
B) dependent variables. 
C) intervening variables. 
D) independent variables. 
A) relevant variables. 
B) dependent variables. 
C) intervening variables. 
D) independent variables.

Question 14

In a study examining the number of proofreading errors made when students are tested while reading under bright or dim lighting,the number of proofreading errors represents the

Accepted Answer

A) dependent variable. 
B) independent variable. 
C) control variable. 
D) individual differences variable. 
A) dependent variable. 
B) independent variable. 
C) control variable. 
D) individual differences variable.

Question 15

An individual's score on a test such as the SAT represents how that person consistently performs on such a test only if the SAT test is

Accepted Answer

A) reliable. 
B) precise. 
C) valid. 
D) standardizeD. 
A) reliable. 
B) precise. 
C) valid. 
D) standardizeD.

Question 16

The greater the scope of a theory the more complex it is likely to be.Complexity is

Accepted Answer

A) a necessary characteristic of psychological theories given the nature and range of phenomena psychologists try to understand. 
B) a serious obstacle to testing a theory. 
C) both a necessary characteristic of psychological theories and a serious obstacle to testing a theory. 
D) none of these 
A) a necessary characteristic of psychological theories given the nature and range of phenomena psychologists try to understand. 
B) a serious obstacle to testing a theory. 
C) both a necessary characteristic of psychological theories and a serious obstacle to testing a theory. 
D) none of these

Based on investigations with the horse Clever Hans,an important factor researchers should seek to control when testing whether dogs can sniff cancer in urine samples is

In an experiment that compares aggressive responses following exposure to media violence in television programming,"aggressive responses" is the and "exposure to media violence" is the .

The criteria used to classify and define mental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders represent an illustration of which of the following goals of the scientific method?

The four goals of research in psychology are

In a study investigating the effects of two different types of music on students' test performance,the music represents the

A researcher conducted two experiments to test a theory.One experiment was designed to confirm a hypothesis of the theory and the second experiment was designed to falsify the hypothesis.From the perspective of theory construction and testing,

A theory that predicts children will develop abstract reasoning by age 12 is more ________ than a theory that predicts the development of abstract reasoning by ages 12 to 20.

Psychological scientists believe that

Which of the following is an accepted check that scientists can use to determine whether a scientific report is unbiased?

The research goal of "prediction" is most associated with _ research,and the research goal of "explanation" is most associated with _ research.

A new measure of intelligence (e.g. ,how long people can balance a ball on their nose)would be a valid measure of intelligence if scores on the new measure were

The factors that the researcher controls or manipulates in order to determine their effect on behavior are called the

In a study examining the number of proofreading errors made when students are tested while reading under bright or dim lighting,the number of proofreading errors represents the

An individual's score on a test such as the SAT represents how that person consistently performs on such a test only if the SAT test is

The greater the scope of a theory the more complex it is likely to be.Complexity is

Introduction

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Survey Research

Independent Groups Designs

Repeated Measures Designs

Complex Designs

Single-Case Designs and Small-N Research

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part I Describing Data,confi Dence Intervals, Correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part II Tests of Statisticalsignifi Cance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

Filters

Exam 2: The Scientifi C Method

Based on investigations with the horse Clever Hans,an important factor researchers should seek to control when testing whether dogs can sniff cancer in urine samples is

In an experiment that compares aggressive responses following exposure to media violence in television programming,"aggressive responses" is the __________ and "exposure to media violence" is the __________.

The criteria used to classify and define mental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders represent an illustration of which of the following goals of the scientific method?

The four goals of research in psychology are

In a study investigating the effects of two different types of music on students' test performance,the music represents the

A researcher conducted two experiments to test a theory.One experiment was designed to confirm a hypothesis of the theory and the second experiment was designed to falsify the hypothesis.From the perspective of theory construction and testing,

A theory that predicts children will develop abstract reasoning by age 12 is more ________ than a theory that predicts the development of abstract reasoning by ages 12 to 20.

Psychological scientists believe that

Which of the following is an accepted check that scientists can use to determine whether a scientific report is unbiased?

The research goal of "prediction" is most associated with _____ research,and the research goal of "explanation" is most associated with _____ research.

A new measure of intelligence (e.g. ,how long people can balance a ball on their nose)would be a valid measure of intelligence if scores on the new measure were

The factors that the researcher controls or manipulates in order to determine their effect on behavior are called the

In a study examining the number of proofreading errors made when students are tested while reading under bright or dim lighting,the number of proofreading errors represents the

An individual's score on a test such as the SAT represents how that person consistently performs on such a test only if the SAT test is

The greater the scope of a theory the more complex it is likely to be.Complexity is

Introduction

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Survey Research

Independent Groups Designs

Repeated Measures Designs

Complex Designs

Single-Case Designs and Small-N Research

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part I Describing Data,confi Dence Intervals, Correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part II Tests of Statisticalsignifi Cance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

Filters

In an experiment that compares aggressive responses following exposure to media violence in television programming,"aggressive responses" is the and "exposure to media violence" is the .

The research goal of "prediction" is most associated with _ research,and the research goal of "explanation" is most associated with _ research.