Question 1

Amination is the addition of a(n) _____ group to a carbon skeleton.

Accepted Answer

A) carboxyl 
B) amino 
C) phosphate 
D) hydroxyl 
A) carboxyl 
B) amino 
C) phosphate 
D) hydroxyl

Question 2

When enzyme action stops due to a buildup of end product, this control is called

Accepted Answer

A) competitive inhibition. 
B) enzyme induction. 
C) enzyme repression. 
D) feedback inhibition. 
A) competitive inhibition. 
B) enzyme induction. 
C) enzyme repression. 
D) feedback inhibition.

Question 3

In most instances, anabolic pathways are nearly the exact reverse of catbolic pathways.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The majority of reduced NAD is produced in

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis. 
B) Krebs cycle. 
C) the electron transport chain. 
D) photosynthesis. 
A) glycolysis. 
B) Krebs cycle. 
C) the electron transport chain. 
D) photosynthesis.

Question 5

Each FADH2 from the Krebs cycle enters the electron transport system and gives rise to _____ ATPs.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5

Question 6

The process in which organisms integrate catabolic and anabolic pathways to improve cell efficiency is called

Accepted Answer

A) metabolism. 
B) amphibolism. 
C) anabolism. 
D) catabolism. 
E) biosynthesis. 
A) metabolism. 
B) amphibolism. 
C) anabolism. 
D) catabolism. 
E) biosynthesis.

Question 7

In addition to electrons, which of the following is also involved in electron transfer?

Accepted Answer

A) ADP 
B) glucose 
C) carbon 
D) hydrogen 
E) carbon dioxide 
A) ADP 
B) glucose 
C) carbon 
D) hydrogen 
E) carbon dioxide

Question 8

Glycolysis

Accepted Answer

A) uses 2 ATP, produces 2 ATP and requires oxygen. 
B) uses 2 ATP, produces 4 ATP and requires oxygen. 
C) uses 2 ATP, produces 4 ATP, does not require oxygen. 
D) uses 2 ATP, produces 2 ATP, does not require oxygen. 
A) uses 2 ATP, produces 2 ATP and requires oxygen. 
B) uses 2 ATP, produces 4 ATP and requires oxygen. 
C) uses 2 ATP, produces 4 ATP, does not require oxygen. 
D) uses 2 ATP, produces 2 ATP, does not require oxygen.

Question 9

_____ reactions are anabolic reactions involving ligases for synthesis and the release of one water molecule for each bond formed.

Accepted Answer

A) Reduction 
B) Condensation 
C) Oxidation 
D) Transfer 
A) Reduction 
B) Condensation 
C) Oxidation 
D) Transfer

Question 10

All aerobic bacterial species have identical electron acceptors in their electron transport systems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Fermentation

Accepted Answer

A) requires an organic electron acceptor. 
B) requires oxygen. 
C) only occurs in aerobic organisms. 
D) is equivalent to aerobic respiration in ATP production. 
A) requires an organic electron acceptor. 
B) requires oxygen. 
C) only occurs in aerobic organisms. 
D) is equivalent to aerobic respiration in ATP production.

Question 12

ATP synthase is a complex enzyme needed for oxidative phosphorylation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis and electron transport chain. 
B) photosynthesis and glycolysis. 
C) glycolysis and Krebs cycle. 
D) Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) glycolysis and electron transport chain. 
B) photosynthesis and glycolysis. 
C) glycolysis and Krebs cycle. 
D) Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 14

Which term refers to all of the chemical reactions of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) catabolism 
B) redox reactions 
C) phosphorylation 
D) metabolism 
E) cellular respiration 
A) catabolism 
B) redox reactions 
C) phosphorylation 
D) metabolism 
E) cellular respiration

Question 15

The energy released by _________ reactions is used to regenerate _______ which can then provide energy for __________ reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) anabolic, ATP, catabolic 
B) anabolic, NADH, catabolic 
C) catabolic, ATP, anabolic 
D) catabolic, glucose, anabolic 
A) anabolic, ATP, catabolic 
B) anabolic, NADH, catabolic 
C) catabolic, ATP, anabolic 
D) catabolic, glucose, anabolic

Question 16

Reduction of nitrogen-oxygen ions and compounds by some bacteria is called

Accepted Answer

A) aerobic respiration. 
B) denitrification. 
C) nitrification. 
D) fermentation. 
E) deamination. 
A) aerobic respiration. 
B) denitrification. 
C) nitrification. 
D) fermentation. 
E) deamination.

Question 17

Feedback inhibition is best described as

Accepted Answer

A) substrate binding to DNA, blocking enzyme transcription. 
B) product binding to DNA, blocking enzyme transcription. 
C) substrate binding to enzyme in noncompetitive site. 
D) product binding to enzyme in noncompetitive site. 
A) substrate binding to DNA, blocking enzyme transcription. 
B) product binding to DNA, blocking enzyme transcription. 
C) substrate binding to enzyme in noncompetitive site. 
D) product binding to enzyme in noncompetitive site.

Question 18

Which of the following are characteristics of the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) The Calvin cycle requires light. 
B) Nitrogen is fixed into an organic form during the Calvin cycle. 
C) The Calvin cycle produces glucose as an end product. 
D) The Calvin cycle produces carbon dioxide and water. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) The Calvin cycle requires light. 
B) Nitrogen is fixed into an organic form during the Calvin cycle. 
C) The Calvin cycle produces glucose as an end product. 
D) The Calvin cycle produces carbon dioxide and water. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 19

Ribozymes are

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes which catalyze reactions. 
B) unique to prokaryotes. 
C) unique to eukaryotes. 
D) catalysts for RNA editing. 
E) catalysts for DNA splicing. 
A) ribosomes which catalyze reactions. 
B) unique to prokaryotes. 
C) unique to eukaryotes. 
D) catalysts for RNA editing. 
E) catalysts for DNA splicing.

Question 20

In which pathway is the most NADH generated?

Accepted Answer

A) electron transport system 
B) Krebs cycle 
C) glycolysis 
D) alcoholic fermentation 
E) mixed acid fermentation 
A) electron transport system 
B) Krebs cycle 
C) glycolysis 
D) alcoholic fermentation 
E) mixed acid fermentation

Exam 8: An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Amination is the addition of a(n) _____ group to a carbon skeleton.

When enzyme action stops due to a buildup of end product, this control is called

In most instances, anabolic pathways are nearly the exact reverse of catbolic pathways.

The majority of reduced NAD is produced in

Each FADH2 from the Krebs cycle enters the electron transport system and gives rise to _____ ATPs.

The process in which organisms integrate catabolic and anabolic pathways to improve cell efficiency is called

In addition to electrons, which of the following is also involved in electron transfer?

Glycolysis

_____ reactions are anabolic reactions involving ligases for synthesis and the release of one water molecule for each bond formed.

All aerobic bacterial species have identical electron acceptors in their electron transport systems.

Fermentation

ATP synthase is a complex enzyme needed for oxidative phosphorylation.

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in

Which term refers to all of the chemical reactions of the cell?

The energy released by _________ reactions is used to regenerate _______ which can then provide energy for __________ reactions.

Reduction of nitrogen-oxygen ions and compounds by some bacteria is called

Feedback inhibition is best described as

Which of the following are characteristics of the Calvin cycle?

Ribozymes are

In which pathway is the most NADH generated?

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Filters

Each FADH₂ from the Krebs cycle enters the electron transport system and gives rise to _____ ATPs.

The energy released by _____ reactions is used to regenerate _ which can then provide energy for ________ reactions.