Question 1

Distinguish the four different pathogenic strains of
E.coli with regard to: a) names of the strains, b) virulence factors, and c) symptoms.

Accepted Answer

a) The four different pathogenic strains of E. coli are:
1) Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)
2) Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)
3) Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)
4) Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)

b) Virulence factors:
1) ETEC produces heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins, which cause diarrhea.
2) EPEC uses a type III secretion system to inject effector proteins into host cells, leading to the formation of attaching and effacing lesions on the intestinal epithelium.
3) EHEC produces Shiga toxins, which can cause bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome.
4) EAEC produces aggregative adherence fimbriae, which allow the bacteria to adhere to the intestinal mucosa and form biofilms.

c) Symptoms:
1) ETEC causes watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea.
2) EPEC can cause watery diarrhea in infants and young children.
3) EHEC can cause bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and in severe cases, hemolytic uremic syndrome.
4) EAEC can cause persistent diarrhea, especially in young children and immunocompromised individuals.

Question 2

All of the following are correct about salmonelloses except

Accepted Answer

A) non-typhoidal strains of salmonella are zoonotic in origin. 
B) foods contaminated by rodent feces may cause outbreaks. 
C) outbreaks have been caused by eggs. 
D) drug resistance of salmonella is on the rise. 
E) strains are normal flora in dogs and cats. 
A) non-typhoidal strains of salmonella are zoonotic in origin. 
B) foods contaminated by rodent feces may cause outbreaks. 
C) outbreaks have been caused by eggs. 
D) drug resistance of salmonella is on the rise. 
E) strains are normal flora in dogs and cats. E

Question 3

Plague is a quarantinable disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Klebsiella has a large _____ that contributes to its ability to cause chronic lung infections.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Klebsiella has a large _____ that contributes...

Question 5

Although this bacteria is typically found in soil and water, burn wound patients are susceptible to ___infection.

Accepted Answer

A) Yersinia pestis 
B) Bordetella pertussis 
C) Pseudomonas 
D) E. coli 0157:H7 
E) Shigella 
A) Yersinia pestis 
B) Bordetella pertussis 
C) Pseudomonas 
D) E. coli 0157:H7 
E) Shigella

Question 6

Pertussis has the following characteristics, except:

Accepted Answer

A) pathogen has virulence factors to destroy the action of respiratory cilia. 
B) catarrhal stage has persistent, hacking coughs with "whoops". 
C) early stage resembles a cold with nasal discharge and sneezing. 
D) DTaP immunization will prevent it. 
E) transmission is by respiratory droplets. 
A) pathogen has virulence factors to destroy the action of respiratory cilia. 
B) catarrhal stage has persistent, hacking coughs with "whoops". 
C) early stage resembles a cold with nasal discharge and sneezing. 
D) DTaP immunization will prevent it. 
E) transmission is by respiratory droplets.

Question 7

Up to 70% of travel-associated gastrointestinal diseases are caused by

Accepted Answer

A) enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli. 
B) Salmonella. 
C) Shigella dysenteriae. 
D) E. coli 0157:H7. 
E) enteroinvasive E. coli. 
A) enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli. 
B) Salmonella. 
C) Shigella dysenteriae. 
D) E. coli 0157:H7. 
E) enteroinvasive E. coli.

Question 8

Which of the following is normal oral and nasopharyngeal flora but is involved in infective endocarditis in adults who have underlying congenital or rheumatic heart disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Haemophilus influenzae 
B) Haemophilus aphrophilus 
C) Haemophilus aegyptius 
D) Haemophilus ducreyi 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) Haemophilus influenzae 
B) Haemophilus aphrophilus 
C) Haemophilus aegyptius 
D) Haemophilus ducreyi 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Fever, vomiting, stiff neck, and neurological impairment are symptoms associated with _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fever, vomiting, stiff neck, and neurological impairment...

Question 10

Which of the following species was once considered so benign that microbiologists used it to trace movements of air currents in hospitals and over cities?

Accepted Answer

A) Morganella 
B) Providencia 
C) Citrobacter 
D) Serratia 
E) Legionella 
A) Morganella 
B) Providencia 
C) Citrobacter 
D) Serratia 
E) Legionella

Question 11

Describe the characteristics of the Enterobacteriaceae and discuss the difference between the coliforms and noncoliforms in the family.

Accepted Answer

The Enterobacteriaceae family is a large

Question 12

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is

Accepted Answer

A) found in soil and water. 
B) an opportunist that produces many diverse enzymes. 
C) highly chemical resistant. 
D) motile. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) found in soil and water. 
B) an opportunist that produces many diverse enzymes. 
C) highly chemical resistant. 
D) motile. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

The IMViC series of biochemical tests are used to identify the Enterobacteriaceae.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which disease involves transmission by aerosolized water from whirlpool spas, air conditioners, cooling towers, and supermarket vegetable misters?

Accepted Answer

A) Legionellosis 
B) Pertussis 
C) Brucellosis 
D) Plague 
E) Traveler's diarrhea 
A) Legionellosis 
B) Pertussis 
C) Brucellosis 
D) Plague 
E) Traveler's diarrhea

Question 15

Plague includes:

Accepted Answer

A) septicemic form - called Black Death. 
B) bubonic form - buboes develop. 
C) pneumonic form - sputum highly contagious. 
D) disease control - control of rodent population. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) septicemic form - called Black Death. 
B) bubonic form - buboes develop. 
C) pneumonic form - sputum highly contagious. 
D) disease control - control of rodent population. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 16

Which is incorrect about Yersinia pestis?

Accepted Answer

A) exhibit bipolar staining 
B) gram-negative rod 
C) produces coagulase 
D) has a capsule 
E) produces enterotoxin 
A) exhibit bipolar staining 
B) gram-negative rod 
C) produces coagulase 
D) has a capsule 
E) produces enterotoxin

Question 17

Which is not associated with tularemia?

Accepted Answer

A) listed as a pathogen of concern on the lists of bioterrorism agents 
B) transmitted by arthropod vectors 
C) reservoir can be rabbits and squirrels 
D) symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, ulcerative lesions, conjunctivitis, and pneumonia 
E) in animals, infects the placenta and fetus 
A) listed as a pathogen of concern on the lists of bioterrorism agents 
B) transmitted by arthropod vectors 
C) reservoir can be rabbits and squirrels 
D) symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, ulcerative lesions, conjunctivitis, and pneumonia 
E) in animals, infects the placenta and fetus

Question 18

A paroxysmal cough is associated with Legionnaires' disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Brucellosis is

Accepted Answer

A) a zoonosis. 
B) seen in the patient as a fluctuating fever, with headache, muscle pain, and weakness. 
C) associated with pathogen in the blood. 
D) an occupational illness of people that work with animals. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) a zoonosis. 
B) seen in the patient as a fluctuating fever, with headache, muscle pain, and weakness. 
C) associated with pathogen in the blood. 
D) an occupational illness of people that work with animals. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

Compare and contrast shigellosis and salmonellosis.

Accepted Answer

Shigellosis and salmonellosis are both b

Exam 20: The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Distinguish the four different pathogenic strains of E.coli with regard to: a) names of the strains, b) virulence factors, and c) symptoms.

All of the following are correct about salmonelloses except

Plague is a quarantinable disease.

Klebsiella has a large _____ that contributes to its ability to cause chronic lung infections.

Although this bacteria is typically found in soil and water, burn wound patients are susceptible to ___infection.

Pertussis has the following characteristics, except:

Up to 70% of travel-associated gastrointestinal diseases are caused by

Which of the following is normal oral and nasopharyngeal flora but is involved in infective endocarditis in adults who have underlying congenital or rheumatic heart disease?

Fever, vomiting, stiff neck, and neurological impairment are symptoms associated with _____.

Which of the following species was once considered so benign that microbiologists used it to trace movements of air currents in hospitals and over cities?

Describe the characteristics of the Enterobacteriaceae and discuss the difference between the coliforms and noncoliforms in the family.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is

The IMViC series of biochemical tests are used to identify the Enterobacteriaceae.

Which disease involves transmission by aerosolized water from whirlpool spas, air conditioners, cooling towers, and supermarket vegetable misters?

Plague includes:

Which is incorrect about Yersinia pestis?

Which is not associated with tularemia?

A paroxysmal cough is associated with Legionnaires' disease.

Brucellosis is

Compare and contrast shigellosis and salmonellosis.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

An Introduction to Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Drugs, Microbes, Host-The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection, Disease, and Epidemiology

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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