Question 1

How are osteons in compact bone tissue aligned? How does the osteon arrangement affect bone strength?

Accepted Answer

A) horizontal to the metaphysis;the epiphyseal plate resists tearing due to the arrangement of osteons. 
B) parallel to the epiphysis;the spongy bone follows the alignment of the osteons increasing the strength of the bone ends. 
C) parallel to the length of the diaphysis;the shaft resists bending even when stresses are applied in certain directions. 
D) randomly between the epiphyseal plates;the random arrangement of osteons makes the shaft strong no matter what direction the bone is stressed. 
E) parallel to the perforating canals;the osteons running adjacent to the canals protects the vessels and nerves from becoming damaged. 
A) horizontal to the metaphysis;the epiphyseal plate resists tearing due to the arrangement of osteons. 
B) parallel to the epiphysis;the spongy bone follows the alignment of the osteons increasing the strength of the bone ends. 
C) parallel to the length of the diaphysis;the shaft resists bending even when stresses are applied in certain directions. 
D) randomly between the epiphyseal plates;the random arrangement of osteons makes the shaft strong no matter what direction the bone is stressed. 
E) parallel to the perforating canals;the osteons running adjacent to the canals protects the vessels and nerves from becoming damaged.

Question 2

Which of the following hormones are more important post-puberty for bone growth?

Accepted Answer

A) insulinlike growth factors 
B) thyroid hormones 
C) human growth hormone 
D) insulin 
E) sex hormones 
A) insulinlike growth factors 
B) thyroid hormones 
C) human growth hormone 
D) insulin 
E) sex hormones

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in the repair of a bone fracture?

Accepted Answer

A) fracture hematoma,bony callus formation,fibrocartilaginous callus formation,bone remodeling 
B) fibrocartilaginous callus formation,bony callus formation,fracture hematoma,bone remodeling 
C) bony callus formation,fracture hematoma,fibrocartilaginous callus formation,bone remodeling 
D) bone remodeling,fracture hematoma,fibrocartilaginous callus formation,bony callus formation 
E) fracture hematoma,fibrocartilaginous callus formation,bony callus formation,bone remodeling 
A) fracture hematoma,bony callus formation,fibrocartilaginous callus formation,bone remodeling 
B) fibrocartilaginous callus formation,bony callus formation,fracture hematoma,bone remodeling 
C) bony callus formation,fracture hematoma,fibrocartilaginous callus formation,bone remodeling 
D) bone remodeling,fracture hematoma,fibrocartilaginous callus formation,bony callus formation 
E) fracture hematoma,fibrocartilaginous callus formation,bony callus formation,bone remodeling

Question 4

Which bone cell in the diagram below transports nutrients and wastes through tiny canals radiating from the lacunae?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 5

Briefly,explain how blood calcium level is regulated.

Accepted Answer

When blood Ca²⁺ levels drop,PTH is secrete

Question 6

Which labeled structures in the figure are lamellae?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 7

Place the events of a fracture repair in order.
A: A hematoma will form and will form a temporary connection between the ends of the bones.
B: Fibroblasts and chondroblasts migrate from the periosteum and begin to produce fibrocartilage to connect the ends of the bones.
C: Osteoclasts resorb dead portions of the new bony area,and compact bone replaces spongy bone.
D:Osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into osteoblasts and produce spongy bone.
E: Phagocytes and osteoclasts begin to remove dead and damaged tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) A,B,E,C,D 
B) A,E,B,D,C 
C) E,A,B,D,C 
D) A,E,D,B,C 
A) A,B,E,C,D 
B) A,E,B,D,C 
C) E,A,B,D,C 
D) A,E,D,B,C

Question 8

What type of bone cell secretes hydroxyapatite and collagen fibers?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 9

Describe the steps in bone repair.

Accepted Answer

after the break in the bone occurs,blood

Question 10

This cell is active once the matrix of bone calcifies.The cells sits in a lacunae.

Accepted Answer

A) osteoprogenitor cells 
B) osteoclasts 
C) osteocytes 
D) osteoblasts 
E) chondroblasts 
A) osteoprogenitor cells 
B) osteoclasts 
C) osteocytes 
D) osteoblasts 
E) chondroblasts

Question 11

In which region of the diagram would yellow bone marrow be located?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 12

Briefly describe the steps in bone deposition.

Accepted Answer

during bone deposition,osteogenic (osteo

Question 13

In the diagram,where do cells lose the ability to divide and increase in size?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 14

List the order of the zones in an epiphyseal plate from the diaphyseal region to the distal epiphysis.
A: Zone of calcified cartilage
B: Zone of hypertrophic cartilage
C: Zone of proliferating cartilage
D: Zone of resting cartilage

Accepted Answer

A) a,c,d,b 
B) b,a,c,d 
C) a,b,d,c 
D) a,b,c,d 
A) a,c,d,b 
B) b,a,c,d 
C) a,b,d,c 
D) a,b,c,d

Question 15

The _______ is the region of long bone that contains hyaline cartilage used for growth in length.

Accepted Answer

A) epiphyseal plate 
B) epiphyseal line 
C) metaphysis 
D) diaphyseal 
E) articular cartilage 
A) epiphyseal plate 
B) epiphyseal line 
C) metaphysis 
D) diaphyseal 
E) articular cartilage

Question 16

In the diagram,what bone is considered the strongest?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) C 
C) D 
D) E 
E) F 
A) A 
B) C 
C) D 
D) E 
E) F

Question 17

If bone is analogous to a bank,calcium is analogous to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) deposits 
B) withdrawals 
C) money 
D) bank teller 
E) automatic teller machine 
A) deposits 
B) withdrawals 
C) money 
D) bank teller 
E) automatic teller machine

Question 18

In the diagram,what area allows communication from the outermost region to the innermost region of bone?

Accepted Answer

A) B 
B) C 
C) D 
D) E 
E) F 
A) B 
B) C 
C) D 
D) E 
E) F

Question 19

What area of long bone is composed of dense irregular connective tissue and osteogenic cells?

Accepted Answer

A) periosteum 
B) endosteum 
C) medullary cavity 
D) epiphyseal plate 
E) articular cartilage 
A) periosteum 
B) endosteum 
C) medullary cavity 
D) epiphyseal plate 
E) articular cartilage

Question 20

Cells active when cartilage needs to be removed so new bone can be produced.

Accepted Answer

A) osteoprogenitor cells 
B) osteoclasts 
C) osteocytes 
D) osteoblasts 
E) chondroblasts 
A) osteoprogenitor cells 
B) osteoclasts 
C) osteocytes 
D) osteoblasts 
E) chondroblasts

Exam 6: The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue

How are osteons in compact bone tissue aligned? How does the osteon arrangement affect bone strength?

Which of the following hormones are more important post-puberty for bone growth?

Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in the repair of a bone fracture?

Which bone cell in the diagram below transports nutrients and wastes through tiny canals radiating from the lacunae?

Briefly,explain how blood calcium level is regulated.

Which labeled structures in the figure are lamellae?

What type of bone cell secretes hydroxyapatite and collagen fibers?

Describe the steps in bone repair.

This cell is active once the matrix of bone calcifies.The cells sits in a lacunae.

In which region of the diagram would yellow bone marrow be located?

Briefly describe the steps in bone deposition.

In the diagram,where do cells lose the ability to divide and increase in size?

List the order of the zones in an epiphyseal plate from the diaphyseal region to the distal epiphysis. A: Zone of calcified cartilage B: Zone of hypertrophic cartilage C: Zone of proliferating cartilage D: Zone of resting cartilage

The _______ is the region of long bone that contains hyaline cartilage used for growth in length.

In the diagram,what bone is considered the strongest?

If bone is analogous to a bank,calcium is analogous to ______.

In the diagram,what area allows communication from the outermost region to the innermost region of bone?

What area of long bone is composed of dense irregular connective tissue and osteogenic cells?

Cells active when cartilage needs to be removed so new bone can be produced.

An Introduction to the Human Body

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscular Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Nutrition

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Homeostasis

The Reproductive Systems

Development and Inheritance

Filters