Exam 3: The Cellular Level of Organization

What are the nonpolar parts of phospholipids?

Briefly describe the driving force for the movement of water across plasma membranes.

This is the transport process by which gases,like O₂ and CO₂,move through a membrane.

Which of the following protects the contents of the nucleus?

What transport process uses the energy stored in a Na⁺ or H⁺ concentration gradient to drive other substances across the membrane against their own concentration gradients?

List the steps involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Spermatozoa is the only type of human cell that contains a _____,which is a whip-like structure that helps propel the sperm towards an oocyte.

Which of the cells in the diagram contains structural adaptations that increase surface area for absorption? 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 E

Briefly describe how proteins move through the Golgi complex.

Briefly state the functions of the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Briefly describe alternative splicing.

Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles contains several oxidases that are involved in oxidation of fatty acids and amino acids during normal metabolism and in detoxification of chemicals like alcohol in the liver?

This is a measure of a solution's ability to change the volume of cells by altering their water content.

An orderly,genetically programmed cell death is referred to as ________,while disorganized pathological cell death is referred to as ________.

During phagocytosis,binding of a particle to a plasma membrane receptor triggers formation of _____,which are extensions of the plasma membrane of the phagocyte that eventually surround the particle forming a phagosome.

Describe the difference between the cytoplasm and the cytosol.