Question 1

The layers of Earth's atmosphere, from top to bottom, are the

Accepted Answer

A) troposphere, stratosphere, ozonosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, and exosphere. 
B) exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere. 
C) exosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, ozonosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere. 
D) troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and the exosphere. 
A) troposphere, stratosphere, ozonosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, and exosphere. 
B) exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere. 
C) exosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, ozonosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere. 
D) troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and the exosphere.

Question 2

Warm climates favor carbonate deposition because carbonates dissolve more easily in cold water than in warm water. Name two types of carbonate depositional environments.

Accepted Answer

Coral reefs-actively growing i

Question 3

There are no tides to be seen in the community swimming pool because

Accepted Answer

A) gravitation on the small mass of water is negligibly small. 
B) it is shallow compared to the ocean. 
C) all parts of it are practically the same distance from the Moon. 
D) they are masked by the much stronger pull of Earth's gravity. 
E) But there are, at nighttime. 
A) gravitation on the small mass of water is negligibly small. 
B) it is shallow compared to the ocean. 
C) all parts of it are practically the same distance from the Moon. 
D) they are masked by the much stronger pull of Earth's gravity. 
E) But there are, at nighttime.

Question 4

Water evaporated from over the oceans produces precipitation of fresh water because

Accepted Answer

A) there are more water molecules than salt molecules in the ocean. 
B) the salt dissolves and forms a solution, which becomes more and more dilute until all the water is fresh. 
C) the salt dissolves in the air. 
D) only water vapor molecules, and not salt molecules, evaporate. 
A) there are more water molecules than salt molecules in the ocean. 
B) the salt dissolves and forms a solution, which becomes more and more dilute until all the water is fresh. 
C) the salt dissolves in the air. 
D) only water vapor molecules, and not salt molecules, evaporate.

Question 5

When evaporation at the ocean surface exceeds precipitation, the salinity of seawater

Accepted Answer

A) increases. 
B) decreases. 
C) stays the same. 
A) increases. 
B) decreases. 
C) stays the same.

Question 6

Because of the Coriolis force, a wind in the Northern Hemisphere is deflected

Accepted Answer

A) upward. 
B) downward. 
C) toward the right. 
D) toward the left. 
A) upward. 
B) downward. 
C) toward the right. 
D) toward the left.

Question 7

Irregularities in Earth's surface influence wind patterns. At night, winds blow from a region

Accepted Answer

A) over the ocean toward land. 
B) above land toward the ocean. 
C) of high pressure to a region of lower pressure. 
D) of high pressure (ex: land)to a region of lower pressure (ex: ocean). 
A) over the ocean toward land. 
B) above land toward the ocean. 
C) of high pressure to a region of lower pressure. 
D) of high pressure (ex: land)to a region of lower pressure (ex: ocean).

Question 8

If Earth is closest to the Sun in January, why is much of the Northern Hemisphere cold in January?

Accepted Answer

A) It is cold because it is winter. 
B) The Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun in January. 
C) Solar energy favors the equatorial regions. 
D) The Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun in January. 
A) It is cold because it is winter. 
B) The Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun in January. 
C) Solar energy favors the equatorial regions. 
D) The Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun in January.

Question 9

Why do your ears pop when you ascend to higher altitudes? Explain.

Accepted Answer

The air pressure at higher altitudes is

Question 10

Earth's first atmosphere was composed of

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen, hydrogen, and helium. 
B) hydrogen and helium, with trace amounts of ammonia and methane. 
C) gases from volcanic eruptions. 
D) oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane. 
A) oxygen, hydrogen, and helium. 
B) hydrogen and helium, with trace amounts of ammonia and methane. 
C) gases from volcanic eruptions. 
D) oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane.

Question 11

Explain the statement: "At the same pressure, cold air is more dense than warm air."

Accepted Answer

Air molecules in cold air are more dense

Question 12

Warm air aloft is associated with

Accepted Answer

A) low air pressure aloft. 
B) warm summer nights. 
C) high surface pressure. 
D) high air pressure aloft. 
A) low air pressure aloft. 
B) warm summer nights. 
C) high surface pressure. 
D) high air pressure aloft.

Question 13

If the Earth were not spinning, what direction would the surface winds blow at 15° south latitude? Why?

Accepted Answer

Southward, since warm air woul

Question 14

Earth's atmosphere is similar to the panes of glass in a greenhouse, it allows the Sun's

Accepted Answer

A) short-wavelength radiation to enter, but blocks long-wavelength terrestrial radiation from leaving. 
B) infrared light radiation to enter, and prevents the short-wavelengths from leaving. 
C) ultraviolet light to enter, and prevents the infrared light from leaving. 
D) infrared light to enter, and blocks the visible terrestrial light from leaving. 
A) short-wavelength radiation to enter, but blocks long-wavelength terrestrial radiation from leaving. 
B) infrared light radiation to enter, and prevents the short-wavelengths from leaving. 
C) ultraviolet light to enter, and prevents the infrared light from leaving. 
D) infrared light to enter, and blocks the visible terrestrial light from leaving.

Question 15

What is the direction of Ekman transport in the Northern Hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

To the right of the wind direction. With

Question 16

Which would have the greater effect on Earth's ocean tides-a Moon with a greater diameter, or Earth with an increased diameter? Explain.

Accepted Answer

If the Moon's size were greater, with th

Question 17

Which of the following occurs during an El Niño year?

Accepted Answer

A) Fishing catches improve along the South American coast. 
B) Cold water upwelling increases. 
C) The Trade winds become stronger. 
D) Storms increase on the western side of the Pacific. 
A) Fishing catches improve along the South American coast. 
B) Cold water upwelling increases. 
C) The Trade winds become stronger. 
D) Storms increase on the western side of the Pacific.

Question 18

The ionosphere is an electrified ion-rich area

Accepted Answer

A) in the uppermost troposphere. 
B) where atoms lose their electrons and are negatively charged. 
C) where air density and solar radiation is low. 
D) within the uppermost mesosphere and thermosphere . 
A) in the uppermost troposphere. 
B) where atoms lose their electrons and are negatively charged. 
C) where air density and solar radiation is low. 
D) within the uppermost mesosphere and thermosphere .

Question 19

Discuss the formation of the winter and summer monsoon in India.

Accepted Answer

As warm air is carried from the equator

Question 20

The Sun exerts almost 200 times more force on the oceans of the Earth than the Moon does. Why then, is the Moon more effective in raising tides?

Accepted Answer

Tides are caused by DIFFERENCES in gravi

Exam 24: The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

The layers of Earth's atmosphere, from top to bottom, are the

Warm climates favor carbonate deposition because carbonates dissolve more easily in cold water than in warm water. Name two types of carbonate depositional environments.

There are no tides to be seen in the community swimming pool because

Water evaporated from over the oceans produces precipitation of fresh water because

When evaporation at the ocean surface exceeds precipitation, the salinity of seawater

Because of the Coriolis force, a wind in the Northern Hemisphere is deflected

Irregularities in Earth's surface influence wind patterns. At night, winds blow from a region

If Earth is closest to the Sun in January, why is much of the Northern Hemisphere cold in January?

Why do your ears pop when you ascend to higher altitudes? Explain.

Earth's first atmosphere was composed of

Explain the statement: "At the same pressure, cold air is more dense than warm air."

Warm air aloft is associated with

If the Earth were not spinning, what direction would the surface winds blow at 15° south latitude? Why?

Earth's atmosphere is similar to the panes of glass in a greenhouse, it allows the Sun's

What is the direction of Ekman transport in the Northern Hemisphere?

Which would have the greater effect on Earth's ocean tides-a Moon with a greater diameter, or Earth with an increased diameter? Explain.

Which of the following occurs during an El Niño year?

The ionosphere is an electrified ion-rich area

Discuss the formation of the winter and summer monsoon in India.

The Sun exerts almost 200 times more force on the oceans of the Earth than the Moon does. Why then, is the Moon more effective in raising tides?

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

Atoms and the Periodic Table

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

Mixtures

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Rocks and Minerals

Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Timereading the Rock Record

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

Stars and Galaxies

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: the Nature of Science

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