Question 1

A mutation that provides a selective advantage to the mutant organism when grown in the environment in which it originated is known as a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  Adaptive mutation 
B)  Forward mutation 
C)  Suppressor mutation 
D)  Missense mutation 
E)  Nonsense mutation 
A)  Adaptive mutation 
B)  Forward mutation 
C)  Suppressor mutation 
D)  Missense mutation 
E)  Nonsense mutation

Question 2

Many of the currently popular models of crossing over were derived from a model proposed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  James Watson 
B)  Robin Holliday 
C)  Francis Crick 
D)  Rosalind Franklin 
E)  None of these 
A)  James Watson 
B)  Robin Holliday 
C)  Francis Crick 
D)  Rosalind Franklin 
E)  None of these

Question 3

An organism that exhibits a novel phenotype resulting from a mutation is called a:

Accepted Answer

A)  Wild type 
B)  Mutant 
C)  Positive phenotype 
D)  Negative phenotype 
E)  None of these 
A)  Wild type 
B)  Mutant 
C)  Positive phenotype 
D)  Negative phenotype 
E)  None of these

Question 4

Gene conversion of Neurospora requires recombination and which of the following events?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reversion 
B)  Suppression 
C)  Excision repair 
D)  Heteroduplex formation 
E)  Inversion 
A)  Reversion 
B)  Suppression 
C)  Excision repair 
D)  Heteroduplex formation 
E)  Inversion

Question 5

Chemical mutations that change the position of hydrogen atoms in a nitrogenous base are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Isomer mutations 
B)  Isomer shifts 
C)  Tautomeric shifts 
D)  Isomer mutations and Isomer shifts 
E)  All of these 
A)  Isomer mutations 
B)  Isomer shifts 
C)  Tautomeric shifts 
D)  Isomer mutations and Isomer shifts 
E)  All of these

Question 6

Base-pair additions and deletions that alter the reading frame of all subsequent base-pair triplets are collectively referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Inversions 
B)  Transversions 
C)  Frameshift mutations 
D)  Point mutations 
E)  Codon mutations 
A)  Inversions 
B)  Transversions 
C)  Frameshift mutations 
D)  Point mutations 
E)  Codon mutations

Question 7

Bruce Ames constructed a mutagenicity test which initially missed carcinogens which were noncarcinogenic to the tester strains.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tester strains were more resistant to the mutagenic effects of the carcinogen than eukaryotes 
B)  Not all carcinogens are mutagens 
C)  Potential carcinogens needed to be modified in eukaryotes before they were mutagenic 
D)  Histidine biosynthesis was inhibited by the presence of the carcinogens. 
E)  All of these 
A)  Tester strains were more resistant to the mutagenic effects of the carcinogen than eukaryotes 
B)  Not all carcinogens are mutagens 
C)  Potential carcinogens needed to be modified in eukaryotes before they were mutagenic 
D)  Histidine biosynthesis was inhibited by the presence of the carcinogens. 
E)  All of these

Question 8

Both the change in the genetic material and the process by which the change occurs is referred to as a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutation 
B)  Error 
C)  Reparation 
D)  Mutation and Error 
E)  All of these 
A)  Mutation 
B)  Error 
C)  Reparation 
D)  Mutation and Error 
E)  All of these

Question 9

Base-pair substitutions involving the replacement of a purine with a pyrimidine and vice versa are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Isomers 
B)  Transitions 
C)  Transversions 
D)  Inversions 
E)  None of these 
A)  Isomers 
B)  Transitions 
C)  Transversions 
D)  Inversions 
E)  None of these

Question 10

Which type of mutation can be caused by acridine dyes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transversions 
B)  Transitions 
C)  Frameshift 
D)  Chromosomal 
E)  All of these 
A)  Transversions 
B)  Transitions 
C)  Frameshift 
D)  Chromosomal 
E)  All of these

Question 11

Which of the following enzymes performs light dependent repair?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA gyrase 
B)  DNA polymerase 
C)  DNA photolyase 
D)  RNA polymerase 
E)  DNA helicase 
A)  DNA gyrase 
B)  DNA polymerase 
C)  DNA photolyase 
D)  RNA polymerase 
E)  DNA helicase

Question 12

Mutations that are lethal in one environment but viable in another are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Lethal mutations 
B)  Conditional lethal mutations 
C)  Null mutations 
D)  Isoallele mutations 
E)  All of these 
A)  Lethal mutations 
B)  Conditional lethal mutations 
C)  Null mutations 
D)  Isoallele mutations 
E)  All of these

Question 13

Genes containing mutations with no effect on phenotype or small effects that can be recognized only by special techniques are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Isomers 
B)  Isoalleles 
C)  Null alleles 
D)  Lethal alleles 
E)  Forward alleles 
A)  Isomers 
B)  Isoalleles 
C)  Null alleles 
D)  Lethal alleles 
E)  Forward alleles

Question 14

Mutations that occur without a known cause are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Spontaneous mutations 
B)  Induced mutations 
C)  Harmful mutations 
D)  Adaptive mutations 
E)  None of these 
A)  Spontaneous mutations 
B)  Induced mutations 
C)  Harmful mutations 
D)  Adaptive mutations 
E)  None of these

Question 15

Explain,in detail,how the hemoglobin mutants provide excellent examples of deleterious mutations and how they show that mutation is a process in which changes in gene structure,can cause changes in the amino acid sequences of the polypeptide gene products.

Accepted Answer

Many different variants of adult hemoglo

Question 16

Mutations that result in no gene product or totally nonfunctional gene products are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Isomers 
B)  Isoalleles 
C)  Null alleles 
D)  Lethal alleles 
E)  Forward alleles 
A)  Isomers 
B)  Isoalleles 
C)  Null alleles 
D)  Lethal alleles 
E)  Forward alleles

Question 17

Which of the following statements about excision repair is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Base excision repair is initiated by DNA glycosylases that recognize abnormal deoxyriboses in DNA 
B)  Nucleotide excision repair removes large regions of DNA via an exonuclease which cuts on either side of the damaged bases 
C)  E. coli exonuclease activity is carried out by uvrA, uvrB, and uvrC, and the resulting gap is filled in by DNA Pol III 
D)  DNA glycosylases cleave the altered nucleoside (base and sugar) from the DNA backbone creating an apurinic or apyrimidinic site 
E)  In humans, a mechanism similar to E. coli is carried out where the protein XPA acts as the exonuclease. 
A)  Base excision repair is initiated by DNA glycosylases that recognize abnormal deoxyriboses in DNA 
B)  Nucleotide excision repair removes large regions of DNA via an exonuclease which cuts on either side of the damaged bases 
C)  E. coli exonuclease activity is carried out by uvrA, uvrB, and uvrC, and the resulting gap is filled in by DNA Pol III 
D)  DNA glycosylases cleave the altered nucleoside (base and sugar) from the DNA backbone creating an apurinic or apyrimidinic site 
E)  In humans, a mechanism similar to E. coli is carried out where the protein XPA acts as the exonuclease.

Question 18

How does UV light induce mutations in DNA as it is a non-ionizing form of radiation?

Accepted Answer

Ultraviolet (UV)radiation does not posse

Question 19

Gene X undergoes a mutation which converts it from wild-type to mutant.Later,a second mutation in the genome in gene Y occurs which causes the wild-type phenotype of the first gene (gene X)to be restored.Respectively,what are the appropriate designations for the two mutational events?

Accepted Answer

A)  Forward mutation, back mutation 
B)  Forward mutation, suppressor mutation 
C)  Reverse mutation, back mutation 
D)  Reverse mutation, suppressor mutation 
E)  Reverse mutation, forward mutation 
A)  Forward mutation, back mutation 
B)  Forward mutation, suppressor mutation 
C)  Reverse mutation, back mutation 
D)  Reverse mutation, suppressor mutation 
E)  Reverse mutation, forward mutation

Question 20

A mutation that has no phenotypic effect on the organism is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutral mutation 
B)  Null mutation 
C)  Isomer mutation 
D)  Lethal allele 
E)  All of these 
A)  Neutral mutation 
B)  Null mutation 
C)  Isomer mutation 
D)  Lethal allele 
E)  All of these

Exam 13: Mutation,DNA Repair,And Recombination

A mutation that provides a selective advantage to the mutant organism when grown in the environment in which it originated is known as a/an:

Many of the currently popular models of crossing over were derived from a model proposed by:

An organism that exhibits a novel phenotype resulting from a mutation is called a:

Gene conversion of Neurospora requires recombination and which of the following events?

Chemical mutations that change the position of hydrogen atoms in a nitrogenous base are known as:

Base-pair additions and deletions that alter the reading frame of all subsequent base-pair triplets are collectively referred to as:

Bruce Ames constructed a mutagenicity test which initially missed carcinogens which were noncarcinogenic to the tester strains.Why?

Both the change in the genetic material and the process by which the change occurs is referred to as a/an:

Base-pair substitutions involving the replacement of a purine with a pyrimidine and vice versa are called:

Which type of mutation can be caused by acridine dyes?

Which of the following enzymes performs light dependent repair?

Mutations that are lethal in one environment but viable in another are known as:

Genes containing mutations with no effect on phenotype or small effects that can be recognized only by special techniques are called:

Mutations that occur without a known cause are known as:

Explain,in detail,how the hemoglobin mutants provide excellent examples of deleterious mutations and how they show that mutation is a process in which changes in gene structure,can cause changes in the amino acid sequences of the polypeptide gene products.

Mutations that result in no gene product or totally nonfunctional gene products are called:

Which of the following statements about excision repair is correct?

How does UV light induce mutations in DNA as it is a non-ionizing form of radiation?

Gene X undergoes a mutation which converts it from wild-type to mutant.Later,a second mutation in the genome in gene Y occurs which causes the wild-type phenotype of the first gene (gene X)to be restored.Respectively,what are the appropriate designations for the two mutational events?

A mutation that has no phenotypic effect on the organism is known as:

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Linkage,Crossing Over,And Chromosome Mapping In …

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