Exam 10: The Learning Sciences and Constructivism

Although there are many cognitive apprenticeship models,they all share the feature of conceptual scaffolding that is gradually reduced as students become more competent and proficient.

When pre-service teachers engage in student teaching or capstone experience they are learning with the support and guidance of an expert teacher,which is based on the idea that knowledge and skills are best learned in the context in which they will be later used in the real world setting.This model of teacher preparation emphasizes ________ learning.

When the teacher provides students with question stems and then asks students to answer the questions in pairs,he/she is involving the students in ________.

One of the reasons Mr.Brakefield assigns students to cooperative learning groups is so that he can rotate leadership roles and opportunities amongst his students.Mr.Brakefield's rationale for assigning groups is a valid one.

Locating the source of knowledge in the interaction between learners and their environment is the internally-directed constructivist view of learning.

Lishuan was assigned the role of making sure her group understands the learning task.Her role is referred to as the

The conception of learning based on the view that students actively create their own knowledge through their interactions with tasks and resources is the ________ perspective.

Ms.Constantine has always identified as an athlete.She was a competitive athlete in her youth and she still competes in age group competitive athletic events.She is proud of the fact that she has designed her sixth-grade classroom around competitive events and activities.All individual and group activities in her class involve a "winning" person or team.She spends a great deal of time finding valued prizes to give as rewards for her competitive activities.What concerns might educators,who call for the creation of learning communities,have with Ms.Constantine's approach?

According to your text,cooperative learning should be limited to learning situations that involve routine tasks.

Jigsaw,an early format for cooperative learning,emphasizes what relationship among group members?

Constructivist views of learning are grounded in the research of

Ms.French would like to have her students,while experimenting with their own structured materials,discover some key principles of gravity.Which one of the following teaching methods should be most appropriate for this purpose?

In his assigned role,Sean Paul helps the group to understand difficult academic concepts related to the learning task by explaining and giving examples.His role is referred to as the

In organizing cooperative learning groups,your text suggests that it is best to

Service learning refers to problem-based learning projects which are outside of the student's curriculum.

When all students are required to participate,this is referred to as ________.

In cooperative learning groups,the primary role of the materials monitor is to select the material to be studied.

A small group is assigned to research whether or not capital punishment should be used in Canada.Each pair of the four person group researches the issue,develops a pro or con position,and presents their position and evidence to the other pair.They reverse positions and argue for the other perspective.The group collaboratively develops a report that summarizes the best arguments for each side and reaches a consensus.This best describes the use of

Cognitive apprenticeships are appropriate for nearly all subject areas,but are not appropriate for learning mathematics.

Vygotsky's approach to learning is an example of what type of constructivism?