Exam 15: Classroom Assessment,grading,and Testing

A grade-equivalent score of 8.3 means that a student is capable of performing as well as an average eighth grader in the third month of school.

Which one of the following procedures is recommended for reducing the detrimental effects of grading on students?

It is considered desirable to grade one essay question for the entire class before grading the next one for any student.

A test that measures what it is supposed to is considered to be ________.

The evidence for validity that concerns whether the test measures the trait in question rather than some other trait is what type of evidence?

Tests in which the scoring of items does not require interpretation are said to be ________.

A T-score distribution has a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.

When individual differences in achievement are to be reported,a norm-referenced grading system is appropriate.

Ms. Rogers uses a grading system in her high school French class in which students who average 60-69 percent receive a D, 70-79 percent a C, 80-89 percent a B, and 90-100 percent an A. Ms. Rogers has the reputation of being an excellent "expert" teacher. This year, 18 of her 24 students earned a final grade of A and the other six students earned a B. Her new principal criticizes Ms. Rogers for using "an apparently invalid grading system that fails to provide adequate differentiation between students." -According to the above case study.Identify the type of grading system that Ms.Rogers is using.What are its general advantages and disadvantages?

Molly is preparing to take a standardized test that will be used by administrators to evaluate the type of school placement she should have.What type of assessment is Molly involved in?

When a test developer calculates an estimate of how much students' scores vary due to unreliability,they are most interested in

Paper-and-pencil exercises,direct observations of performances,development of portfolios,and creation of artifacts are all methods of

What type of validity is currently thought to include all other types of validity?

Jennifer,a seventh grader,received a percentile rank of 90 on a standardized vocabulary test.This percentile rank indicates that she

In a student portfolio,the teacher should determine what evidence of work should be included.

Which one of the following situations requires a norm-referenced evaluation?

Julie looked over her paper.She had a C- in spite of the fact that she tried as hard as she could to write an innovative paper.There did not seem to be any marks for mechanical errors on the paper.When she questioned her teacher about the grade,he told her,"You did not write your review of the story in the same way as the other students." The LEAST likely result of the teacher's actions will be to

A general term for tests designed to assess performances in realistic contexts is __________ testing.

Howard Williams teaches a college course in educational foundations to preservice teachers. The course is intended to expose students to the historical roots of education, key philosophers, and current issues in teaching and education. 90 percent of students' grades in his course are determined by a midterm and a final exam, both consisting of 75 multiple-choice questions. The remaining 10 percent is attendance. One question on the midterm, for example, was: "The first normal school in Tennessee was established in . . ." followed by four alternatives. A question on the final was: "The philosopher identified with the progressive movement was . . ."' followed by four alternatives. When asked about the course after they had graduated, students often described it as "well taught, but meaningless." -According to the above case study.Given that Dr.Williams will probably continue to use at least some multiple-choice testing,suggest some guidelines regarding when and how to use this testing format.Specifically,what objectives should multiple-choice questions test? How should items be constructed to improve their content validity for course objectives?

Criterion-referenced grading systems use standards of subject mastery and learning to determine grades.