Question 1

The surgical severing of interhemispheric fiber pathways is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  hemispherectomy. 
B)  commissurotomy. 
C)  leukotomy. 
D)  colostomy. 
A)  hemispherectomy. 
B)  commissurotomy. 
C)  leukotomy. 
D)  colostomy.

Question 2

Similar to the function of the corpus callosum, the anterior commissure connects parts of various brain regions, including all of the following EXCEPT the:

Accepted Answer

A)  amygdala. 
B)  hippocampus. 
C)  anterior temporal lobe. 
D)  paralimbic cortex. 
A)  amygdala. 
B)  hippocampus. 
C)  anterior temporal lobe. 
D)  paralimbic cortex.

Question 3

The term "disconnection syndrome" is used to describe the behavioral effects of:

Accepted Answer

A)  an interruption of communication between two cerebral regions. 
B)  the destruction of one or more cortical regions contributing to a neural network. 
C)  the disruption of communication between the brainstem and cerebrum. 
D)  psychiatric disorders characterized by out-of-body experiences. 
A)  an interruption of communication between two cerebral regions. 
B)  the destruction of one or more cortical regions contributing to a neural network. 
C)  the disruption of communication between the brainstem and cerebrum. 
D)  psychiatric disorders characterized by out-of-body experiences.

Question 4

If a familiar object were placed out of sight in the left hand of a commissurotomy patient, that person:

Accepted Answer

A)  would fail to recognize the object. 
B)  could identify it verbally, if prompted. 
C)  could point to a matching object only with his or her right hand. 
D)  could point to a matching object only with his or her left hand. 
A)  would fail to recognize the object. 
B)  could identify it verbally, if prompted. 
C)  could point to a matching object only with his or her right hand. 
D)  could point to a matching object only with his or her left hand.

Question 5

A study by Steele and colleagues used DTI to examine white - matter organization in early - trained versus late - trained musicians. Results indicated which pattern of connectivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  The size of the posterior corpus callosum increased in early-trained musicians. 
B)  The size of the anterior corpus callosum increased in late-trained musicians. 
C)  The size of the posterior corpus callosum decreased in early-trained musicians. 
D)  The size of the anterior and posterior corpus callosum was equivalent in both groups of musicians. 
A)  The size of the posterior corpus callosum increased in early-trained musicians. 
B)  The size of the anterior corpus callosum increased in late-trained musicians. 
C)  The size of the posterior corpus callosum decreased in early-trained musicians. 
D)  The size of the anterior and posterior corpus callosum was equivalent in both groups of musicians.

Question 6

Hub disconnection provides a possible explanation for severe chronic deficits exhibited by which patient population?

Accepted Answer

A)  contralateral neglect 
B)  Huntington's disease 
C)  epilepsy 
D)  traumatic brain injury 
A)  contralateral neglect 
B)  Huntington's disease 
C)  epilepsy 
D)  traumatic brain injury

Question 7

Visual agnosia and alexia are each probably due to damage to white matter in the _____ hemisphere.

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior left 
B)  posterior left 
C)  anterior right 
D)  posterior right 
A)  anterior left 
B)  posterior left 
C)  anterior right 
D)  posterior right

Question 8

In Liepmann's theory of left - hand apraxia, the MOST likely location of the lesion would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  the posterior corpus callosum. 
B)  the anterior corpus callosum. 
C)  Broca's area. 
D)  the anterior commissure. 
A)  the posterior corpus callosum. 
B)  the anterior corpus callosum. 
C)  Broca's area. 
D)  the anterior commissure.

Question 9

Analysis of cerebral "hub networks" shows a differential pattern of connectivity among brain regions such that the:

Accepted Answer

A)  posterior cingulate exhibits among the highest level of connectivity. 
B)  anterior cingulate exhibits among the highest level of connectivity. 
C)  middle temporal gyrus exhibits among the highest level of connectivity. 
D)  insular cortex exhibits among the highest level of connectivity. 
A)  posterior cingulate exhibits among the highest level of connectivity. 
B)  anterior cingulate exhibits among the highest level of connectivity. 
C)  middle temporal gyrus exhibits among the highest level of connectivity. 
D)  insular cortex exhibits among the highest level of connectivity.

Question 10

If Downer had sectioned all commissures but left the optic chiasm intact:

Accepted Answer

A)  he would have found exactly the same results as if the optic chiasm had also been sectioned. 
B)  the animal would have appeared wild regardless of which side the stimulus was presented on. 
C)  the animal would have appeared tame regardless of which side the stimulus was presented on. 
D)  the animal would have reacted with aggression but not appeared wild. 
A)  he would have found exactly the same results as if the optic chiasm had also been sectioned. 
B)  the animal would have appeared wild regardless of which side the stimulus was presented on. 
C)  the animal would have appeared tame regardless of which side the stimulus was presented on. 
D)  the animal would have reacted with aggression but not appeared wild.

Question 11

In cases of agenesis of the corpus callosum, which of the following structures would you expect to be larger than normal?

Accepted Answer

A)  the hippocampal commissure 
B)  the visual cortex (area 17) 
C)  the anterior commissure 
D)  fornix 
A)  the hippocampal commissure 
B)  the visual cortex (area 17) 
C)  the anterior commissure 
D)  fornix

Question 12

Commissurotomy is performed in humans primarily as a treatment for:

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  severe migraine headaches. 
C)  Parkinson's disease. 
D)  epilepsy. 
A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  severe migraine headaches. 
C)  Parkinson's disease. 
D)  epilepsy.

Exam 17: Extension: A - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

The surgical severing of interhemispheric fiber pathways is called:

Similar to the function of the corpus callosum, the anterior commissure connects parts of various brain regions, including all of the following EXCEPT the:

The term "disconnection syndrome" is used to describe the behavioral effects of:

If a familiar object were placed out of sight in the left hand of a commissurotomy patient, that person:

A study by Steele and colleagues used DTI to examine white - matter organization in early - trained versus late - trained musicians. Results indicated which pattern of connectivity?

Hub disconnection provides a possible explanation for severe chronic deficits exhibited by which patient population?

Visual agnosia and alexia are each probably due to damage to white matter in the _____ hemisphere.

In Liepmann's theory of left - hand apraxia, the MOST likely location of the lesion would be:

Analysis of cerebral "hub networks" shows a differential pattern of connectivity among brain regions such that the:

If Downer had sectioned all commissures but left the optic chiasm intact:

In cases of agenesis of the corpus callosum, which of the following structures would you expect to be larger than normal?

Commissurotomy is performed in humans primarily as a treatment for:

Extension: A - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: B - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: C - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: A - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: B - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: C - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: A - Nervous System Organization

Extension: B - Nervous System Organization

Extension: C - Nervous System Organization

Extension: A - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: B - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: C - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: A - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: B - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: C - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: A - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: B - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: C - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: A - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: B - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: C - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: A - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: B - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: C - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: A - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: B - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: C - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: A - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: B - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: C - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: A - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: B - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: C - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: A - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: B - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: C - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: A - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: B - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: C - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: A - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: B - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: C - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: A - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: B - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: C - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: A - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: B - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: C - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: B - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: C - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: A - Learning and Memory

Extension: B - Learning and Memory

Extension: C - Learning and Memory

Extension: A - Language

Extension: B - Language

Extension: C - Language

Extension: A - Emotion and the Social Brain

Extension: B - Emotion and the Social Brain

Extension: C - Emotion and the Social Brain

Extension: A - Spatial Behavior

Extension: B - Spatial Behavior

Extension: C - Spatial Behavior

Extension: A - Attention and Consciousness

Extension: B - Attention and Consciousness

Extension: C - Attention and Consciousness

Extension: A - Brain Development and Plasticity

Extension: B - Brain Development and Plasticity