Exam 6: Realms of Cognition in Middle Childhood

Metacognition is reflected in

Carla,a bright,energetic 8-year-old,has lost four gloves during the past few weeks.Her mother is annoyed at the need to keep replacing gloves.Carla notices that her little brother is amused that Carla is in trouble,and she formulates the theory that her brother is stealing the gloves just to get her into trouble.Carla is convinced that she is right.She refuses to entertain her mother's suggestion that Carla is often so distracted that she does not keep track of her possessions.Carla is displaying a form of

Eight-year-old Marquita has spent a great deal of time learning basic addition facts.When she solves a complex addition problem in school,she pulls these facts out of memory.Marquita is using a ____________ strategy to help her solve addition problems.

Explain why perspective taking is so crucial to the development of social skills.,

Wayne is taking a digit span test.When he hears this series of digits,3 9 4 2 6 1 2,he realizes the digits match the ages of people in his family; his mother is 39,his father is 42,his little sister is 6,and he is 12.He decides to remember the series of four ages rather than try to recall each digit separately.Wayne is using a strategy called

Piaget's description of the differences between preoperational thought characteristic of preschool aged children)and concrete operational thought characteristic of elementary school aged children),includes which of the following?

Selman describes stages in the development of both perspective taking skill and of friendship.Suppose that David understands that his friend Mike has a different perspective from his own,but David cannot yet judge how his own behavior is likely to be viewed by his friend.Which of Selman's stages is David most likely to be in?

Stanley is 7 years old.His parents are quite concerned about his school progress.Although he has begun to learn to read,he reverses some letters when he writes.Based on research,Stanley's school counselor should tell his parents that

When Sammy had to learn the names of all the planets,as well as their relative sizes,he made up sentences to help him remember.For example,"Eartha ate the Mars candy bar" helped him remember that Earth is larger than Mars.Sammy was using a memory

Imagine that you are working with a 10-year-old who is having trouble making friends.His parents and teachers indicate that the boy is "generous to a fault," often giving up what he wants in order to please others.Based on Selman's ideas about friendship development,explain whether this child is more or less mature than the boys who bully him,and describe an approach to helping the boy with his friendship skills.,

Friendship,according to Selman,requires balancing

NeoPiagetians are

Counselors who work to improve children's social relationships are concerned with developing friendship skills.According to Selman,friendship skills can be defined as

When interviewers use the guided imagery technique to help young children remember

Jeremy,a 2^nd grader,is in the counselor's office because he hit another boy on the playground.He tells the counselor that he knew the other boy was about to hit him first.He was just "getting back" at the other student.The counselor tries to help Jeremy control his aggressive behavior by explaining that the other boy didn't intend to hurt him.Given what you have learned about social development,which of the following is your best recommendation for the counselor?

The concept of egocentrism has been introduced both to explain the limitations of cognitive development in the elementary school aged child and to explain the usual progress of friendship development.Define egocentrism.Summarize its role in cognitive functioning and in social interactive functioning for the elementary school aged child.,