Exam 4: Classification and Comorbidity in Speech Sound Disorders

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Phonological deficits often co-occur with deficits in what area of language:

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Discuss the top-down versus bottom-up theories of speech production.

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“Top-down” – suggesting that language moves from pragmatic to semantic to syntactic and then to phonologic – or “bottom-up” – the reverse order, relying on feedback. It appears that both processes, top-down and bottom-up, play a part in speech production.

Research has shown that children who use a pacifier may be 3 times more likely to develop a speech sound disorder compared to children who do not use a pacifier.

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Discuss the link between language and phonology. What areas of language are most closely related to phonological disorders?

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Oral tactile sensitivity is typically most sensitive at the midline of anatomical structures.

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Intelligence plays an important role in articulation skills in what population:

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Tongue thrust only has to do with swallowing.

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Frenum clipping is very rarely recommended for in individuals with ankyloglossia.

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Personality may contribute to speech sound disorders. Specifically, parents of children with SSD have reported their child to be:

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Removal of part or all of the hard palate would have a detrimental effect to speech production.

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Children with missing teeth will always have a lisp.

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The most common speech sound error seen in individuals with tongue thrust is:

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Discuss the factors that have contributed to the mixed findings in the literature regarding whether or not otitis media with effusion OME) is related to speech sound disorders.

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Children with SSD often struggle with reading and spelling. Interestingly, children with SSD have often exhibited the same errors in their spelling as they do in their speech. Discuss why this may be?

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Personality may be linked to speech sound production.

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Children with speech sounds disorders are likely to have academic difficulties in what specific areas:

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What are the three ways that tongue thrust can present?

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Tongue thrust will always affect dentition.

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Research does not support a connection between otitis media and speech sound disorders.

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In twin studies, which type of twins have more highly correlated articulation skills:

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