Question 1

Human participants with cerebellar damage

Accepted Answer

A)  have difficulty with delay conditioning,but not trace conditioning. 
B)  have difficulty with trace conditioning,but not delay conditioning. 
C)  have approximately equal difficulties with both trace and delay conditioning. 
D)  do not have any difficulties with either delay or trace conditioning. 
A)  have difficulty with delay conditioning,but not trace conditioning. 
B)  have difficulty with trace conditioning,but not delay conditioning. 
C)  have approximately equal difficulties with both trace and delay conditioning. 
D)  do not have any difficulties with either delay or trace conditioning.

Question 2

Structural changes resulting from sensitization or habituation may involve

Accepted Answer

A)  dystrophin. 
B)  agrin. 
C)  actin. 
D)  myosin. 
A)  dystrophin. 
B)  agrin. 
C)  actin. 
D)  myosin.

Question 3

Following a traumatic experience,the hippocampus experiences a refractory period but the amygdala does not.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Evidence from patients with anterograde amnesia suggests that the role of the hippocampus is to

Accepted Answer

A)  serve as a storage location for declarative memories. 
B)  serve as a storage location for procedural memories. 
C)  assist in the retrieval of memories stored in other locations. 
D)  transfer information from short-term memory into long-term memory. 
A)  serve as a storage location for declarative memories. 
B)  serve as a storage location for procedural memories. 
C)  assist in the retrieval of memories stored in other locations. 
D)  transfer information from short-term memory into long-term memory.

Question 5

Semantic and episodic memories are types of explicit memories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Source amnesia is associated with damage to the

Accepted Answer

A)  parietal lobes. 
B)  prefrontal cortex. 
C)  medial temporal lobes. 
D)  fornix. 
A)  parietal lobes. 
B)  prefrontal cortex. 
C)  medial temporal lobes. 
D)  fornix.

Question 7

Monkeys perform poorly on the delayed non-matching to sample (DNMS)test following lesions in their _________ lobes.

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal 
B)  frontal 
C)  parietal 
D)  occipital 
A)  temporal 
B)  frontal 
C)  parietal 
D)  occipital

Question 8

As healthy people age,most measures of cognitive functions,including learning and memory:

Accepted Answer

A)  become gradually worse. 
B)  remain stable. 
C)  become gradually better. 
D)  remain stable until about age 65,at which time they become dramatically worse. 
A)  become gradually worse. 
B)  remain stable. 
C)  become gradually better. 
D)  remain stable until about age 65,at which time they become dramatically worse.

Question 9

Short-term habituation in Aplysia occurs when _________ neurotransmitter is released at synapses with _________ neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  less;gill motor 
B)  less;siphon sensory 
C)  more;gill motor 
D)  more;siphon sensory 
A)  less;gill motor 
B)  less;siphon sensory 
C)  more;gill motor 
D)  more;siphon sensory

Question 10

The nucleus accumbens

Accepted Answer

A)  does not participate in learning of any type. 
B)  is important to long-term,but not to short-term learning. 
C)  is important in episodic and semantic memory,but not procedural memory. 
D)  contributes to the evaluation of reward during procedural learning. 
A)  does not participate in learning of any type. 
B)  is important to long-term,but not to short-term learning. 
C)  is important in episodic and semantic memory,but not procedural memory. 
D)  contributes to the evaluation of reward during procedural learning.

Question 11

An engram is defined as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  physical representation of memory in the brain. 
B)  area of association cortex. 
C)  type of lesion that reduces memory capacity. 
D)  metaphor for the mind. 
A)  physical representation of memory in the brain. 
B)  area of association cortex. 
C)  type of lesion that reduces memory capacity. 
D)  metaphor for the mind.

Question 12

Involuntary responses to stimuli are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  reflexes. 
B)  instincts. 
C)  fixed action patterns. 
D)  learned behaviors. 
A)  reflexes. 
B)  instincts. 
C)  fixed action patterns. 
D)  learned behaviors.

Question 13

Short-term habituation of Aplysia's gill-withdrawal reflex,lasting from minutes to several hours,probably results from

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in the synapses between sensory and motor neurons. 
B)  decreased sensitivity of the sensory neurons. 
C)  fatigue in the muscles serving the gill. 
D)  stronger excitatory postsynaptic potentials in the interneurons. 
A)  changes in the synapses between sensory and motor neurons. 
B)  decreased sensitivity of the sensory neurons. 
C)  fatigue in the muscles serving the gill. 
D)  stronger excitatory postsynaptic potentials in the interneurons.

Question 14

Your great uncle recently had a stroke,and there have been some subtle differences in his behavior.For example,you were playing checkers,and he was doing fine.But when your checker was "kinged" and could therefore move according to a different set of rules,he didn't seem to be able to adjust.When you asked him if he realized what the rules said,he did,but he continued to play as if he didn't.Considering what you learned about brain areas and memory,what part of his brain would you suspect has damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  the hippocampus 
B)  the diencephalon 
C)  the prefrontal cortex 
D)  the parietal lobe 
A)  the hippocampus 
B)  the diencephalon 
C)  the prefrontal cortex 
D)  the parietal lobe

Question 15

Although you may notice your air conditioner turning on,you no longer "hear" it running after a few minutes.Which of the following processes probably accounts for this change?

Accepted Answer

A)  instinctive behavior 
B)  habituation 
C)  sensitization 
D)  classical conditioning 
A)  instinctive behavior 
B)  habituation 
C)  sensitization 
D)  classical conditioning

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of an episodic memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  what happened at your best childhood birthday party ever 
B)  the name of the current president of the United States 
C)  the name of the first president of the United States 
D)  how to ride a bike 
A)  what happened at your best childhood birthday party ever 
B)  the name of the current president of the United States 
C)  the name of the first president of the United States 
D)  how to ride a bike

Question 17

Long-term potentiation (LTP)may last

Accepted Answer

A)  hours in living animals and indefinitely in a hippocampal slice. 
B)  hours in a hippocampal slice and indefinitely in living animals. 
C)  a few seconds in living animals and several hours in a hippocampal slice. 
D)  a few seconds in a hippocampal slice and several hours in living animals. 
A)  hours in living animals and indefinitely in a hippocampal slice. 
B)  hours in a hippocampal slice and indefinitely in living animals. 
C)  a few seconds in living animals and several hours in a hippocampal slice. 
D)  a few seconds in a hippocampal slice and several hours in living animals.

Question 18

Jacob was looking for a piece of paper and a pencil to write down a new friend's telephone number.In order to hold the telephone number in memory,Jacob needed to use his _________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory 
B)  working 
C)  procedural 
D)  semantic 
A)  sensory 
B)  working 
C)  procedural 
D)  semantic

Question 19

When responses to environmental stimuli are actually increased following exposure to a strong stimulus,which of the following processes has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  instinctive behavior 
B)  habituation 
C)  sensitization 
D)  classical conditioning 
A)  instinctive behavior 
B)  habituation 
C)  sensitization 
D)  classical conditioning

Question 20

Which of the following processes appears to be very similar to long-term potentiation (LTP)?

Accepted Answer

A)  language learning 
B)  spatial learning 
C)  formation of flashbulb memories 
D)  habituation 
A)  language learning 
B)  spatial learning 
C)  formation of flashbulb memories 
D)  habituation

Human participants with cerebellar damage

Structural changes resulting from sensitization or habituation may involve

Following a traumatic experience,the hippocampus experiences a refractory period but the amygdala does not.

Evidence from patients with anterograde amnesia suggests that the role of the hippocampus is to

Semantic and episodic memories are types of explicit memories.

Source amnesia is associated with damage to the

Monkeys perform poorly on the delayed non-matching to sample (DNMS)test following lesions in their _________ lobes.

As healthy people age,most measures of cognitive functions,including learning and memory:

Short-term habituation in Aplysia occurs when _ neurotransmitter is released at synapses with _ neurons.

The nucleus accumbens

An engram is defined as a(n)

Involuntary responses to stimuli are known as

Short-term habituation of Aplysia's gill-withdrawal reflex,lasting from minutes to several hours,probably results from

Although you may notice your air conditioner turning on,you no longer "hear" it running after a few minutes.Which of the following processes probably accounts for this change?

Which of the following is an example of an episodic memory?

Long-term potentiation (LTP)may last

Jacob was looking for a piece of paper and a pencil to write down a new friend's telephone number.In order to hold the telephone number in memory,Jacob needed to use his _________ memory.

When responses to environmental stimuli are actually increased following exposure to a strong stimulus,which of the following processes has occurred?

Which of the following processes appears to be very similar to long-term potentiation (LTP)?

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 12: Learning and Memory

Human participants with cerebellar damage

Structural changes resulting from sensitization or habituation may involve

Following a traumatic experience,the hippocampus experiences a refractory period but the amygdala does not.

Evidence from patients with anterograde amnesia suggests that the role of the hippocampus is to

Semantic and episodic memories are types of explicit memories.

Source amnesia is associated with damage to the

Monkeys perform poorly on the delayed non-matching to sample (DNMS)test following lesions in their _________ lobes.

As healthy people age,most measures of cognitive functions,including learning and memory:

Short-term habituation in Aplysia occurs when _________ neurotransmitter is released at synapses with _________ neurons.

The nucleus accumbens

An engram is defined as a(n)

Involuntary responses to stimuli are known as

Short-term habituation of Aplysia's gill-withdrawal reflex,lasting from minutes to several hours,probably results from

Although you may notice your air conditioner turning on,you no longer "hear" it running after a few minutes.Which of the following processes probably accounts for this change?

Which of the following is an example of an episodic memory?

Long-term potentiation (LTP)may last

Jacob was looking for a piece of paper and a pencil to write down a new friend's telephone number.In order to hold the telephone number in memory,Jacob needed to use his _________ memory.

When responses to environmental stimuli are actually increased following exposure to a strong stimulus,which of the following processes has occurred?

Which of the following processes appears to be very similar to long-term potentiation (LTP)?

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Short-term habituation in Aplysia occurs when _ neurotransmitter is released at synapses with _ neurons.