Question 1

In Pavlov's classic experiments with dogs and salivation,food serves as the

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned stimulus. 
B)  conditioned response. 
C)  unconditioned stimulus. 
D)  unconditioned response. 
A)  conditioned stimulus. 
B)  conditioned response. 
C)  unconditioned stimulus. 
D)  unconditioned response.

Question 2

In studies of classical conditioning in Aplysia,gill-withdrawal in response to _________ usually serves as the conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical shock to the tail 
B)  touching the CS+ 
C)  touching the CS- 
D)  electrical shock to the siphon 
A)  electrical shock to the tail 
B)  touching the CS+ 
C)  touching the CS- 
D)  electrical shock to the siphon

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of explicit memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning 
B)  sensitization 
C)  procedural memory 
D)  episodic memory 
A)  classical conditioning 
B)  sensitization 
C)  procedural memory 
D)  episodic memory

Question 4

Complex,species-specific behaviors that are triggered by environmental stimuli are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  reflexes. 
B)  instincts. 
C)  habituation. 
D)  sensitization. 
A)  reflexes. 
B)  instincts. 
C)  habituation. 
D)  sensitization.

Question 5

Samantha's grandfather has been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease.Samantha knows that Parkinson's disease affects the basal ganglia,so she is able to tell her grandfather that he is likely to experience

Accepted Answer

A)  little if any memory impairment. 
B)  problems with procedural memories,but not declarative memories. 
C)  problems with declarative memories,but not procedural memories. 
D)  problems with both declarative and procedural memories. 
A)  little if any memory impairment. 
B)  problems with procedural memories,but not declarative memories. 
C)  problems with declarative memories,but not procedural memories. 
D)  problems with both declarative and procedural memories.

Question 6

Damage to the dorsomedial thalamus of patient N.A.resulted in

Accepted Answer

A)  profound anterograde amnesia and mild retrograde amnesia. 
B)  profound retrograde amnesia and mild anterograde amnesia. 
C)  intact explicit memories,but deficits in the formation of implicit memories. 
D)  equal deficits in the formation of both explicit and implicit memories. 
A)  profound anterograde amnesia and mild retrograde amnesia. 
B)  profound retrograde amnesia and mild anterograde amnesia. 
C)  intact explicit memories,but deficits in the formation of implicit memories. 
D)  equal deficits in the formation of both explicit and implicit memories.

Question 7

Classical conditioning in Aplysia results primarily from

Accepted Answer

A)  the release of larger amounts of neurotransmitter by the sensory neuron. 
B)  the release of smaller amounts of neurotransmitter by the sensory neuron. 
C)  increased sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
D)  larger numbers of active interneurons. 
A)  the release of larger amounts of neurotransmitter by the sensory neuron. 
B)  the release of smaller amounts of neurotransmitter by the sensory neuron. 
C)  increased sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
D)  larger numbers of active interneurons.

Question 8

One of your neighbors used to be a very heavy drinker.Eventually,she was unable to care for herself and was placed in a nursing home.She kept introducing herself several times a day to the staff and other residents.From what you learned about memory in this chapter,what do you think was most likely wrong with her?

Accepted Answer

A)  She had experienced a stroke. 
B)  She had Alzheimer's disease. 
C)  She had Parkinson's disease. 
D)  She had Korsakoff's syndrome. 
A)  She had experienced a stroke. 
B)  She had Alzheimer's disease. 
C)  She had Parkinson's disease. 
D)  She had Korsakoff's syndrome.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  what you had for breakfast this morning 
B)  the question you just read and are trying to answer 
C)  your best friend's name 
D)  the instructions your professor gave you when you began taking the exam 
A)  what you had for breakfast this morning 
B)  the question you just read and are trying to answer 
C)  your best friend's name 
D)  the instructions your professor gave you when you began taking the exam

Question 10

Distinguishing fantasy from reality appears to involve areas of the brain known to participate in _________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term 
B)  semantic 
C)  episodic 
D)  procedural 
A)  short-term 
B)  semantic 
C)  episodic 
D)  procedural

Question 11

In sensitization experiments,shocking the head or tail of Aplysia will result in a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced gill-withdrawal reflex in response to siphon touch. 
B)  increased gill-withdrawal reflex in response to siphon touch. 
C)  absence of the gill-withdrawal reflex in response to siphon touch. 
D)  gill-withdrawal reflex in response to head touch,but not siphon touch. 
A)  reduced gill-withdrawal reflex in response to siphon touch. 
B)  increased gill-withdrawal reflex in response to siphon touch. 
C)  absence of the gill-withdrawal reflex in response to siphon touch. 
D)  gill-withdrawal reflex in response to head touch,but not siphon touch.

Question 12

In sensitization in Aplysia,what processes account for the stronger than normal responses of gill motor neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  extended action potentials in siphon sensory neurons,which result in the release of greater than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons. 
B)  extended action potentials in siphon sensory neurons,which result in the release of less than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons. 
C)  shortened action potentials in siphon sensory neurons,which result in the release of greater than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons 
D)  shortened action potentials in siphon sensory neurons,which result in the release of less than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons. 
A)  extended action potentials in siphon sensory neurons,which result in the release of greater than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons. 
B)  extended action potentials in siphon sensory neurons,which result in the release of less than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons. 
C)  shortened action potentials in siphon sensory neurons,which result in the release of greater than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons 
D)  shortened action potentials in siphon sensory neurons,which result in the release of less than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons.

Question 13

Describe the process outlined by Kandel by which classical conditioning occurs in Aplysia californica?

Accepted Answer

Calcium influx due to the arrival of an

Question 14

Classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane in rabbits is prevented by lesions of the

Accepted Answer

A)  amygdala. 
B)  deep cerebellar nuclei. 
C)  interpositus nucleus of the cerebellum. 
D)  inferior olive. 
A)  amygdala. 
B)  deep cerebellar nuclei. 
C)  interpositus nucleus of the cerebellum. 
D)  inferior olive.

Question 15

Which of the following processes represents the formation of a connection between stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A)  instinctive behaviors 
B)  reflexes 
C)  associative learning 
D)  nonassociative learning 
A)  instinctive behaviors 
B)  reflexes 
C)  associative learning 
D)  nonassociative learning

Question 16

Lesions of which structure interfere the most with classically conditioned fear responses in rats?

Accepted Answer

A)  the septal area 
B)  the orbitofrontal cortex 
C)  the mammillary bodies 
D)  the amygdala 
A)  the septal area 
B)  the orbitofrontal cortex 
C)  the mammillary bodies 
D)  the amygdala

Question 17

Buffers for auditory,visual,and combined types of information are managed by a "central executive" in _________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory 
B)  short-term 
C)  long-term 
D)  episodic 
A)  sensory 
B)  short-term 
C)  long-term 
D)  episodic

Question 18

Relative to observations of healthy young adults,observations of the brain activity in healthy aging people show

Accepted Answer

A)  consistently decreased activation. 
B)  consistently increased activation. 
C)  areas of both increased and decreased activation. 
D)  no differences. 
A)  consistently decreased activation. 
B)  consistently increased activation. 
C)  areas of both increased and decreased activation. 
D)  no differences.

Question 19

Repeated activation of PKA results in

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of MAP kinase. 
B)  activation of CREB-2 by CREB-1. 
C)  inhibition of C/EBP. 
D)  inhibition of ubiquitin carboxyterminal hydrolase. 
A)  activation of MAP kinase. 
B)  activation of CREB-2 by CREB-1. 
C)  inhibition of C/EBP. 
D)  inhibition of ubiquitin carboxyterminal hydrolase.

In Pavlov's classic experiments with dogs and salivation,food serves as the

In studies of classical conditioning in Aplysia,gill-withdrawal in response to _________ usually serves as the conditioned response.

Which of the following is an example of explicit memory?

Complex,species-specific behaviors that are triggered by environmental stimuli are known as

Samantha's grandfather has been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease.Samantha knows that Parkinson's disease affects the basal ganglia,so she is able to tell her grandfather that he is likely to experience

Damage to the dorsomedial thalamus of patient N.A.resulted in

Classical conditioning in Aplysia results primarily from

Which of the following is an example of a short-term memory?

Distinguishing fantasy from reality appears to involve areas of the brain known to participate in _________ memory.

In sensitization experiments,shocking the head or tail of Aplysia will result in a(n)

In sensitization in Aplysia,what processes account for the stronger than normal responses of gill motor neurons?

Describe the process outlined by Kandel by which classical conditioning occurs in Aplysia californica?

Classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane in rabbits is prevented by lesions of the

Which of the following processes represents the formation of a connection between stimuli?

Lesions of which structure interfere the most with classically conditioned fear responses in rats?

Buffers for auditory,visual,and combined types of information are managed by a "central executive" in _________ memory.

Relative to observations of healthy young adults,observations of the brain activity in healthy aging people show

Repeated activation of PKA results in

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 12: Learning and Memory

In Pavlov's classic experiments with dogs and salivation,food serves as the

In studies of classical conditioning in Aplysia,gill-withdrawal in response to _________ usually serves as the conditioned response.

Which of the following is an example of explicit memory?

Complex,species-specific behaviors that are triggered by environmental stimuli are known as

Samantha's grandfather has been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease.Samantha knows that Parkinson's disease affects the basal ganglia,so she is able to tell her grandfather that he is likely to experience

Damage to the dorsomedial thalamus of patient N.A.resulted in

Classical conditioning in Aplysia results primarily from

Which of the following is an example of a short-term memory?

Distinguishing fantasy from reality appears to involve areas of the brain known to participate in _________ memory.

In sensitization experiments,shocking the head or tail of Aplysia will result in a(n)

In sensitization in Aplysia,what processes account for the stronger than normal responses of gill motor neurons?

Describe the process outlined by Kandel by which classical conditioning occurs in Aplysia californica?

Classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane in rabbits is prevented by lesions of the

Which of the following processes represents the formation of a connection between stimuli?

Lesions of which structure interfere the most with classically conditioned fear responses in rats?

Buffers for auditory,visual,and combined types of information are managed by a "central executive" in _________ memory.

Relative to observations of healthy young adults,observations of the brain activity in healthy aging people show

Repeated activation of PKA results in

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters