Exam 14:The Vascular System-Part B

In fetal circulation,blood flows from the placenta to the fetus through the ____________________________.

The large arteries are elastic,and recoil during left ventricular _____________________,thereby raising ______________________ BP.

In fetal circulation,blood in the umbilical __________________ has a high level of oxygen,and blood in the umbilical ________________________ has a high level of carbon dioxide.

Hypertension is considered to be a blood pressure that is consistently higher than _____________________.

The hormone that raises blood pressure by increasing heart rate and force of contraction is ____________________________.

The elasticity of the large arteries permits them to ______________________ during left ventricular diastole,and thereby to _______________________ diastolic BP.

In fetal circulation,the _______________________ permits blood to flow from the right atrium to the left atrium.

In capillaries,albumin creates __________________ pressure,a pulling pressure.

Capillaries are the site of ______________________ between the blood and tissues.

The hormone that raises blood pressure by directly increasing the reabsorption of water by the kidneys is ___________________________.

Capillaries carry blood from ___________________ to _______________________.

In fetal circulation,the ________________________ permits blood to flow from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.

A venous anastomosis provides an alternate pathway for blood to flow back to the __________________.

The nerves to the smooth muscle of all arteries and veins are ________________________ nerves.

In capillaries,colloid osmotic pressure is created by the presence of __________________ in the blood.

The venous return mechanism that is especially important for the veins in the thoracic cavity is the ________________________________.

The _____________________ of the brain regulates the diameter of arteries and veins,and has a _______________________ area and a ______________________ area.

The circle of Willis is formed by the two _________________________ arteries and the _________________________ artery.

The layer of the wall of an artery that helps maintain blood pressure is the _____________________.

In the vascular system,an alternate pathway for blood flow is provided by vessels called a(n)_______________________________.