Question 1

What did the research of John Garcia and Robert Koelling on taste aversion demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A) organisms are biologically prepared to learn certain associations. 
B) complex behaviours may be acquired by shaping of successive approximations. 
C) a more probable activity can be used to reinforce a less probable one. 
D) the association principles of learning are common to all organisms. 
A) organisms are biologically prepared to learn certain associations. 
B) complex behaviours may be acquired by shaping of successive approximations. 
C) a more probable activity can be used to reinforce a less probable one. 
D) the association principles of learning are common to all organisms.

Question 2

Responses acquired under schedules of partial reinforcement are less resistant to extinction than those acquired with continuous reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What occurs during simultaneous conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) both the CS and the UCS are presented at the same time. 
B) the CS is turned off before the UCS is presented. 
C) both the CS and the CR are presented at the same time. 
D) the UCS is turned off before the CS is presented. 
A) both the CS and the UCS are presented at the same time. 
B) the CS is turned off before the UCS is presented. 
C) both the CS and the CR are presented at the same time. 
D) the UCS is turned off before the CS is presented.

Question 4

A teacher gives five occasional but irregularly scheduled pop quizzes during the semester.If Kevin studies his notes each day before class,what type of reinforcement schedule will be in place?

Accepted Answer

A) FI 
B) FR-1 
C) VI 
D) FR-5 
A) FI 
B) FR-1 
C) VI 
D) FR-5

Question 5

Who carried out the first rigorous study of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) 
B) F.Skinner. 
B) John Watson. 
C) Sir Charles Sherrington. 
D) Ivan Pavlov. 
A) 
B) F.Skinner. 
B) John Watson. 
C) Sir Charles Sherrington. 
D) Ivan Pavlov.

Question 6

A new dog owner is trying to use classical conditioning to train her dog to blink whenever she says "Blink." She blows into his eyes,then says "Blink," but the dog is not learning to blink at her command.What should she do to improve her training technique?

Accepted Answer

A) not say "Blink" until after the dog has blinked. 
B) say "Blink" before blowing into the dog's eyes. 
C) say "Blink" without blowing into the dog's eyes. 
D) give the dog a treat whenever he blinks. 
A) not say "Blink" until after the dog has blinked. 
B) say "Blink" before blowing into the dog's eyes. 
C) say "Blink" without blowing into the dog's eyes. 
D) give the dog a treat whenever he blinks.

Question 7

Laurel covers her ears when she finds herself in a room that is too noisy.What type of conditioning is being described?

Accepted Answer

A) escape 
B) avoidance 
C) aversive 
D) classical 
A) escape 
B) avoidance 
C) aversive 
D) classical

Question 8

When individuals take drugs repeatedly in the same setting,the body responds with countermeasures intended to reestablish homeostasis.In the language of classical conditioning,which term refers to these countermeasures to the drug?

Accepted Answer

A) conditioned responses 
B) compensatory responses 
C) unconditioned responses 
D) contingent responses 
A) conditioned responses 
B) compensatory responses 
C) unconditioned responses 
D) contingent responses

Question 9

A researcher considers herself to be a behaviour analyst.She does research on the psychology of learning,using both human and animal participants.What does this researcher most likely believe?

Accepted Answer

A) there are few consistent regularities underlying the behaviour of animals. 
B) the laws of learning are universal,occurring in all types of animal species,including humans. 
C) humans are different from other animal species and are governed by a unique set of learning laws. 
D) there is a small overlap in the laws of learning that applies to both humans and nonhuman animals. 
A) there are few consistent regularities underlying the behaviour of animals. 
B) the laws of learning are universal,occurring in all types of animal species,including humans. 
C) humans are different from other animal species and are governed by a unique set of learning laws. 
D) there is a small overlap in the laws of learning that applies to both humans and nonhuman animals.

Question 10

What is the law of effect? Discuss what is meant by reinforcement contingencies and explain how reinforcement and punishment affect the probability of behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The law of effect states that

Question 11

In their use of operant conditioning techniques to train animals from many species to perform various behaviours,Keller and Marion Breland described instances of animal "misbehaviour." To what do they attribute this misbehaviour?

Accepted Answer

A) spontaneous recovery of extinguished behaviours. 
B) use of punishment rather than reinforcement. 
C) tendency for learned behaviour to drift toward instinctual behaviour. 
D) use of shaping by successive approximations. 
A) spontaneous recovery of extinguished behaviours. 
B) use of punishment rather than reinforcement. 
C) tendency for learned behaviour to drift toward instinctual behaviour. 
D) use of shaping by successive approximations.

Exam 7: A: Learning and Bahaviour Analysis

What did the research of John Garcia and Robert Koelling on taste aversion demonstrate?

Responses acquired under schedules of partial reinforcement are less resistant to extinction than those acquired with continuous reinforcement.

What occurs during simultaneous conditioning?

A teacher gives five occasional but irregularly scheduled pop quizzes during the semester.If Kevin studies his notes each day before class,what type of reinforcement schedule will be in place?

Who carried out the first rigorous study of classical conditioning?

A new dog owner is trying to use classical conditioning to train her dog to blink whenever she says "Blink." She blows into his eyes,then says "Blink," but the dog is not learning to blink at her command.What should she do to improve her training technique?

Laurel covers her ears when she finds herself in a room that is too noisy.What type of conditioning is being described?

When individuals take drugs repeatedly in the same setting,the body responds with countermeasures intended to reestablish homeostasis.In the language of classical conditioning,which term refers to these countermeasures to the drug?

A researcher considers herself to be a behaviour analyst.She does research on the psychology of learning,using both human and animal participants.What does this researcher most likely believe?

What is the law of effect? Discuss what is meant by reinforcement contingencies and explain how reinforcement and punishment affect the probability of behaviour.

In their use of operant conditioning techniques to train animals from many species to perform various behaviours,Keller and Marion Breland described instances of animal "misbehaviour." To what do they attribute this misbehaviour?

Psychology and Life

A: Psychology and Life

Research Methods in Psychology

A: Research Methods in Psychology

The Biological Bases of Behaviour

A: Evolutionary Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: the Biological Bases of Behaviour

Mind,consciousness,and Alternate States

A: Sensation and Perception

Learning and Bahaviour Analysis

A: Mind,consciousness,and Alternate States

Memory

Cognitive Processes

A: Memory

Intelligence and Intelligence Assessment

A: Cognitive Processes

Human Development Across the Life Span

A: Intelligence and Intelligence Assessment

Motivation

A: Human Development Across the Life Span

Emotion,stress,and Health

A: Emotion,stress,and Health

Understanding Human Personality

A: Understanding Human Personality

Psychological Disorders

A: Psychological Disorders

Social Psychology

A: Social Psychology

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