Exam 7: Learning and Bahaviour Analysis

A very high rate of responding is produced by a _______ schedule of reinforcement.

Ivan Pavlov is most closely associated with __________.

A young girl is just learning to dress herself.At first,the parents call her a "big girl" just for putting on her clothes "frontwards," even if they are not buttoned.Then,they call her a "big girl" if she tries to button them,even if the buttons are not in the right holes.Then,they call her a "big girl" only if she buttons them correctly.They have been using:

Rachel has found that when she opens up the cupboard door to get the cat food,the cats come running to the kitchen.Rachel knows that this is classical conditioning and that the unconditioned stimulus is the _______.

Five-year-old Tommy is helping get ready for a family reunion at Thanksgiving by polishing the good silverware.If his mother gives him a dime for each piece he polishes,what kind of reinforcement schedule is she using?

Research suggests that delayed reinforcement ____________.

A child is scolded for using his fingers instead of his fork to eat some spaghetti.The scolding stops when he picks up his fork.This is an example of _______ reinforcement.

When a CS is repeatedly presented by itself,______ will occur.

On a fixed-ratio schedule,reinforcement is given ________.

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,the presentation of the meat was the __________.

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,salivation to the meat was the _______.

New learning that works in the opposite direction from the original learning results in ________ .

If Billy was praised every fourth time he collected rocks without throwing them,his behaviour would be on which schedule of reinforcement?

In classical conditioning,one must pair the _______ before conditioning can occur.

What must be paired together for classical conditioning to occur?

When a stimulus similar to the CS also elicits the CR,the phenomenon is called _______.

In classical conditioning,when a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a response,the neutral stimulus eventually elicits a similar response or becomes a(n)_______ stimulus.

When someone uses punishment to change a behaviour,the behaviour is likely to ______.

Which of the following is a conditioned reinforcer?

Mom and Dad think it is really funny and laugh when their 2-year-old,Bruce,says dirty words.When Bruce is sent home from kindergarten because of swearing,they don't understand why he cusses.Now,when he cusses at home,they ignore the cussing (they don't think it's cute anymore).Laughing in this example is: