Question 1

After a vesicle fuses with the presynaptic membrane and releases its contents into the synaptic cleft, the membrane is

Accepted Answer

A)  destroyed by astrocytes. 
B)  incorporated into the postsynaptic membrane. 
C)  recycled to form new vesicles. 
D)  degraded and the debris removed from the axon terminal. 
E)  incorporated into the mitochondria. 
A)  destroyed by astrocytes. 
B)  incorporated into the postsynaptic membrane. 
C)  recycled to form new vesicles. 
D)  degraded and the debris removed from the axon terminal. 
E)  incorporated into the mitochondria.

Question 2

Communication of neural signals across the synapse involves

Accepted Answer

A)  the opening of transmitter -gated channels in the axon terminal. 
B)  voltage changes that open chloride channels in the presynaptic membrane. 
C)  vesicles that take up transmitter molecules into the axon terminal . 
D)  the binding of transmitter at postsynaptic receptors triggering membrane potentials. 
E)  direct electrical contact of the pre- and post-synaptic membranes. 
A)  the opening of transmitter -gated channels in the axon terminal. 
B)  voltage changes that open chloride channels in the presynaptic membrane. 
C)  vesicles that take up transmitter molecules into the axon terminal . 
D)  the binding of transmitter at postsynaptic receptors triggering membrane potentials. 
E)  direct electrical contact of the pre- and post-synaptic membranes.

Question 3

What would you expect to happen if the enzyme AChE were to be disabled in your body?

Accepted Answer

The ACh activity in your body

Question 4

The _______ are the key supply source of energy for neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  phagocytes 
B)  Schwann cells 
C)  dendrocytes 
D)  astrocytes 
E)  microtubules 
A)  phagocytes 
B)  Schwann cells 
C)  dendrocytes 
D)  astrocytes 
E)  microtubules

Question 5

Autoreceptors are located on the _______ and detect _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  presynaptic membrane; the transmitter released by that neuron 
B)  presynaptic membrane; a different transmitter released by another neuron 
C)  presynaptic membrane; the presence of calcium ions in the synapse 
D)  postsynaptic membrane; the presence of calcium ions located in the synapse 
E)  presynaptic membrane; the amount of second messenger activity in the postsynaptic cell 
A)  presynaptic membrane; the transmitter released by that neuron 
B)  presynaptic membrane; a different transmitter released by another neuron 
C)  presynaptic membrane; the presence of calcium ions in the synapse 
D)  postsynaptic membrane; the presence of calcium ions located in the synapse 
E)  presynaptic membrane; the amount of second messenger activity in the postsynaptic cell

Question 6

A drug that inactivates the enzyme acetylcholinesterase would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)  prolong the effects of acetylcholine in the synapse. 
B)  terminate the effects of acetylcholine in the synapse. 
C)  speed up the synthesis of acetylcholine. 
D)  impair the synthesis of acetylcholine. 
E)  activate the presynaptic autoreceptor for acetylcholine. 
A)  prolong the effects of acetylcholine in the synapse. 
B)  terminate the effects of acetylcholine in the synapse. 
C)  speed up the synthesis of acetylcholine. 
D)  impair the synthesis of acetylcholine. 
E)  activate the presynaptic autoreceptor for acetylcholine.

Question 7

Contrast ionotropic and metabotropic receptors.

Accepted Answer

Ionotropic receptors directly

Question 8

Which of the following is correct regarding neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  All neurons are sensory neurons. 
B)  Motor neurons gather sensory information from the environment. 
C)  The number of neurons in the human nervous system is estimated at more than 100 billion. 
D)  The term "motor" refers to a mechanical engine. 
E)  Interneurons are found outside the brain and spinal cord. 
A)  All neurons are sensory neurons. 
B)  Motor neurons gather sensory information from the environment. 
C)  The number of neurons in the human nervous system is estimated at more than 100 billion. 
D)  The term "motor" refers to a mechanical engine. 
E)  Interneurons are found outside the brain and spinal cord.

Question 9

Some chemicals are excluded from the brain due to selective permeability of the ________ barrier.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some chemicals are excluded from the brain...

Question 10

The most common neuron type in the central nervous system is the _______ neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  multipolar 
B)  apolar 
C)  sensory 
D)  bipolar 
E)  motor 
A)  multipolar 
B)  apolar 
C)  sensory 
D)  bipolar 
E)  motor

Question 11

________ neurons are the most common type in the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ neurons are the most common type...

Question 12

The process of phagocytosis involves

Accepted Answer

A)  the removal of neuronal debris. 
B)  the transfer of lactate from a glial cell to a neuron. 
C)  the wrapping of fatty material around an axon membrane. 
D)  structural support of a nerve cell. 
E)  the degradation of transmitter molecules within the synapse. 
A)  the removal of neuronal debris. 
B)  the transfer of lactate from a glial cell to a neuron. 
C)  the wrapping of fatty material around an axon membrane. 
D)  structural support of a nerve cell. 
E)  the degradation of transmitter molecules within the synapse.

Question 13

A key feature for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in Dr. C. was

Accepted Answer

A)  focal damage to a single brain region evident in a CT scan. 
B)  diverse neurological symptoms that appeared at different times. 
C)  the excess production of myelin in the nervous system. 
D)  the occurrence of small strokes that impair brain function. 
E)  an autoimmune disease that attacks the myelin found in the peripheral nervous system. 
A)  focal damage to a single brain region evident in a CT scan. 
B)  diverse neurological symptoms that appeared at different times. 
C)  the excess production of myelin in the nervous system. 
D)  the occurrence of small strokes that impair brain function. 
E)  an autoimmune disease that attacks the myelin found in the peripheral nervous system.

Question 14

Match the correct function with the neuronal organelle:

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria; production of fat-like molecules 
B)  mitochondria; formation of vesicles 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum; breakdown of proteins 
D)  microtubules; transport of molecules between the soma and the axon terminals 
E)  Golgi apparatus; extraction of energy for cell use 
A)  mitochondria; production of fat-like molecules 
B)  mitochondria; formation of vesicles 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum; breakdown of proteins 
D)  microtubules; transport of molecules between the soma and the axon terminals 
E)  Golgi apparatus; extraction of energy for cell use

Question 15

Neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic membrane is triggered by the

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of the sodium-potassium pumps. 
B)  arrival of an EPSP at the axon terminal. 
C)  influx of calcium ions into the axon terminal. 
D)  hyperpolarization of the axon membrane. 
E)  opening of channels within the microtubules. 
A)  activation of the sodium-potassium pumps. 
B)  arrival of an EPSP at the axon terminal. 
C)  influx of calcium ions into the axon terminal. 
D)  hyperpolarization of the axon membrane. 
E)  opening of channels within the microtubules.

Question 16

Which of the following is true of the action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  More sodium channels are opened at a lower voltage level than are the potassium channels. 
B)  The action potential requires 10 msec for completion. 
C)  The action potential requires the activity of the sodium-potassium transporters during the rising phase. 
D)  More potassium channels are opened at a lower voltage than are sodium channels. 
E)  The overshoot is due to a prolonged change in sodium conductance. 
A)  More sodium channels are opened at a lower voltage level than are the potassium channels. 
B)  The action potential requires 10 msec for completion. 
C)  The action potential requires the activity of the sodium-potassium transporters during the rising phase. 
D)  More potassium channels are opened at a lower voltage than are sodium channels. 
E)  The overshoot is due to a prolonged change in sodium conductance.

Question 17

The _______ system is defined as comprised of the brain and spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral nervous 
B)  central nervous 
C)  enteric nervous 
D)  human nervous 
E)  local circuit 
A)  peripheral nervous 
B)  central nervous 
C)  enteric nervous 
D)  human nervous 
E)  local circuit

Question 18

Which of the following is correct regarding axoplasmic transport?

Accepted Answer

A)  The dynein molecule is involved in anterograde axoplasmic transport. 
B)  Retrograde axoplasmic transport involves moving substances from the soma to the axon terminals. 
C)  The kinesin molecule is involved in retrograde axoplasmic transport. 
D)  Retrograde transport is half as fast as anterograde axoplasmic transport. 
E)  Transport of materials occurs only in one direction. 
A)  The dynein molecule is involved in anterograde axoplasmic transport. 
B)  Retrograde axoplasmic transport involves moving substances from the soma to the axon terminals. 
C)  The kinesin molecule is involved in retrograde axoplasmic transport. 
D)  Retrograde transport is half as fast as anterograde axoplasmic transport. 
E)  Transport of materials occurs only in one direction.

Question 19

Match up the internal cell structure with the function most closely associated with that structure:

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleolus; production of cytoplasm 
B)  ribosomes; production of DNA 
C)  lipid bilayer; production of ribosomes 
D)  nucleolus; production of ribosomes 
E)  mRNA; production of cytoplasm 
A)  nucleolus; production of cytoplasm 
B)  ribosomes; production of DNA 
C)  lipid bilayer; production of ribosomes 
D)  nucleolus; production of ribosomes 
E)  mRNA; production of cytoplasm

Question 20

A key function of the giant squid axon is the

Accepted Answer

A)  integration of sensory messages regarding the environment. 
B)  planning of feeding-related movements. 
C)  contraction of the squid mantle, which propels the squid away from danger. 
D)  coordination of general sensory-motor function. 
E)  contraction of the oral region to produce chewing movements. 
A)  integration of sensory messages regarding the environment. 
B)  planning of feeding-related movements. 
C)  contraction of the squid mantle, which propels the squid away from danger. 
D)  coordination of general sensory-motor function. 
E)  contraction of the oral region to produce chewing movements.

After a vesicle fuses with the presynaptic membrane and releases its contents into the synaptic cleft, the membrane is

Communication of neural signals across the synapse involves

What would you expect to happen if the enzyme AChE were to be disabled in your body?

The _______ are the key supply source of energy for neurons.

Autoreceptors are located on the _ and detect _.

A drug that inactivates the enzyme acetylcholinesterase would be expected to

Contrast ionotropic and metabotropic receptors.

Which of the following is correct regarding neurons?

Some chemicals are excluded from the brain due to selective permeability of the ________ barrier.

The most common neuron type in the central nervous system is the _______ neuron.

________ neurons are the most common type in the central nervous system.

The process of phagocytosis involves

A key feature for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in Dr. C. was

Match the correct function with the neuronal organelle:

Neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic membrane is triggered by the

Which of the following is true of the action potential?

The _______ system is defined as comprised of the brain and spinal cord.

Which of the following is correct regarding axoplasmic transport?

Match up the internal cell structure with the function most closely associated with that structure:

A key function of the giant squid axon is the

Introduction

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

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Exam 2: Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

After a vesicle fuses with the presynaptic membrane and releases its contents into the synaptic cleft, the membrane is

Communication of neural signals across the synapse involves

What would you expect to happen if the enzyme AChE were to be disabled in your body?

The _______ are the key supply source of energy for neurons.

Autoreceptors are located on the _______ and detect _______.

A drug that inactivates the enzyme acetylcholinesterase would be expected to

Contrast ionotropic and metabotropic receptors.

Which of the following is correct regarding neurons?

Some chemicals are excluded from the brain due to selective permeability of the ________ barrier.

The most common neuron type in the central nervous system is the _______ neuron.

________ neurons are the most common type in the central nervous system.

The process of phagocytosis involves

A key feature for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in Dr. C. was

Match the correct function with the neuronal organelle:

Neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic membrane is triggered by the

Which of the following is true of the action potential?

The _______ system is defined as comprised of the brain and spinal cord.

Which of the following is correct regarding axoplasmic transport?

Match up the internal cell structure with the function most closely associated with that structure:

A key function of the giant squid axon is the

Introduction

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Drug Abuse

Filters

Autoreceptors are located on the _ and detect _.