Question 1

The stage of middle adulthood includes people who range in age from _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  30 to 40 
B)  35 to 50 
C)  40 to 55 
D)  40 to 65 
A)  30 to 40 
B)  35 to 50 
C)  40 to 55 
D)  40 to 65

Question 2

Which statement about perceptual preferences in infants is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants have a visual preference for their mothers' faces over those of other women. 
B)  Infants prefer the sound of their mothers' voices over those of other women. 
C)  Infants cannot differentiate the smell of their mother from the smells of other women. 
D)  Infants are sensitive to configural information in faces. 
A)  Infants have a visual preference for their mothers' faces over those of other women. 
B)  Infants prefer the sound of their mothers' voices over those of other women. 
C)  Infants cannot differentiate the smell of their mother from the smells of other women. 
D)  Infants are sensitive to configural information in faces.

Question 3

At 4 years old, Olivia is beginning to assume responsibility for such tasks as feeding her dog, but feels badly when she is scolded by her parents for attempting to take the dog for a walk by herself. Olivia's behavior and feelings MOST closely correspond to which of Erikson's stages?

Accepted Answer

A)  trust versus mistrust 
B)  autonomy versus shame and doubt 
C)  initiative versus guilt 
D)  industry versus inferiority 
A)  trust versus mistrust 
B)  autonomy versus shame and doubt 
C)  initiative versus guilt 
D)  industry versus inferiority

Question 4

The biological sex of a person is determined by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the first pair of chromosomes 
B)  all the pairs of chromosomes 
C)  the chromosome contributed by the mother 
D)  the 23rd pair of chromosomes 
A)  the first pair of chromosomes 
B)  all the pairs of chromosomes 
C)  the chromosome contributed by the mother 
D)  the 23rd pair of chromosomes

Question 5

In Kohlberg's dilemma about Heinz stealing a drug, someone who indicated that it was OK for Heinz to steal the drug because it was his duty to protect his wife's life, given his marriage vows, would be classified as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  immoral, not specifically characteristic of any particular level of morality 
B)  displaying preconventional morality 
C)  displaying conventional morality 
D)  displaying postconventional morality 
A)  immoral, not specifically characteristic of any particular level of morality 
B)  displaying preconventional morality 
C)  displaying conventional morality 
D)  displaying postconventional morality

Question 6

For a male fetus, the father contributes a(n) _____ chromosome and the mother contributes a(n) _____ chromosome.

Accepted Answer

A)  X; X 
B)  Y; Y 
C)  X; Y 
D)  Y; X 
A)  X; X 
B)  Y; Y 
C)  X; Y 
D)  Y; X

Question 7

An illusion called Thatcherization can be created by rotating the eyes and mouth 180 degrees within the image of a face. Using this illusion, researchers have discovered which statement is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adults can detect changes in face patterns brought about by Thatcherization when the faces are viewed upright. 
B)  Adults can detect changes in face patterns brought about by Thatcherization when the faces are viewed upside down. 
C)  Newborns can detect changes in face patterns brought about by Thatcherization when the faces are viewed upright. 
D)  Newborns cannot detect changes in face patterns brought about by Thatcherization when the faces are viewed upside down. 
A)  Adults can detect changes in face patterns brought about by Thatcherization when the faces are viewed upright. 
B)  Adults can detect changes in face patterns brought about by Thatcherization when the faces are viewed upside down. 
C)  Newborns can detect changes in face patterns brought about by Thatcherization when the faces are viewed upright. 
D)  Newborns cannot detect changes in face patterns brought about by Thatcherization when the faces are viewed upside down.

Question 8

After Ben sees his mother pour some juice from a tall, narrow glass into a short, wide glass, he complains that he wants the juice in the taller glass because it has more juice. Rather than considering both the height and width of the glass, it is likely that Ben is focusing only on the height, reflecting _____, and does not realize that his mother could easily pour the same juice back into the taller glass to return to the starting state, failing to grasp the idea of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  conservation; object permanence 
B)  object permanence; conservation 
C)  centration; reversibility 
D)  reversibility; centration 
A)  conservation; object permanence 
B)  object permanence; conservation 
C)  centration; reversibility 
D)  reversibility; centration

Question 9

Jean Piaget studied how children think using which of the following methods?

Accepted Answer

A)  designing formal experiments involving children of different ages 
B)  measuring how quickly children react to new stimuli 
C)  surveying parents about children's problem-solving ability 
D)  giving children problems to solve and questioning them about their solutions 
A)  designing formal experiments involving children of different ages 
B)  measuring how quickly children react to new stimuli 
C)  surveying parents about children's problem-solving ability 
D)  giving children problems to solve and questioning them about their solutions

Question 10

An information-processing approach to understanding cognitive development would examine how children _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  take in, store, and use knowledge 
B)  use input from others to process new information 
C)  are influenced by their cultures in making advances in cognitive development 
D)  use new technological advances to improve their cognitive abilities 
A)  take in, store, and use knowledge 
B)  use input from others to process new information 
C)  are influenced by their cultures in making advances in cognitive development 
D)  use new technological advances to improve their cognitive abilities

Question 11

Research on Piaget's stages of cognitive development indicates that children in the concrete operational stage acquire an understanding of _____ before an understanding of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  conservation of length; conservation of quantity, mass, and number 
B)  conservation of quantity, mass, and number; conservation of length 
C)  transitivity; seriation 
D)  seriation; transitivity 
A)  conservation of length; conservation of quantity, mass, and number 
B)  conservation of quantity, mass, and number; conservation of length 
C)  transitivity; seriation 
D)  seriation; transitivity

Question 12

Infants often _____ before they _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  sit without support; crawl 
B)  crawl; sit without support 
C)  stand without support; sit without support 
D)  stand without support; crawl 
A)  sit without support; crawl 
B)  crawl; sit without support 
C)  stand without support; sit without support 
D)  stand without support; crawl

Question 13

Which statement about a theory of mind is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  A theory of mind is the ability to understand the emotional and mental states of ourselves and others. 
B)  A complete theory of mind develops in most children by the age of 3. 
C)  The ability to understand false beliefs is one accomplishment of a theory of mind. 
D)  The ability to understand that our thoughts may be different from others is one accomplishment of a theory of mind. 
A)  A theory of mind is the ability to understand the emotional and mental states of ourselves and others. 
B)  A complete theory of mind develops in most children by the age of 3. 
C)  The ability to understand false beliefs is one accomplishment of a theory of mind. 
D)  The ability to understand that our thoughts may be different from others is one accomplishment of a theory of mind.

Question 14

Studies of infant cognitive abilities reveal that very young infants _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  have some elementary understanding of object movement 
B)  demonstrate the ability to understand object permanence 
C)  can understand symbolic representation of objects 
D)  have some elementary understanding of spatial mapping 
A)  have some elementary understanding of object movement 
B)  demonstrate the ability to understand object permanence 
C)  can understand symbolic representation of objects 
D)  have some elementary understanding of spatial mapping

Question 15

Tomasello, Strosberg, and Akhtar (1996) found that 18-month-old children often used a speaker's _____ to determine which novel object the adult speaker was labeling.

Accepted Answer

A)  tone of voice 
B)  emotional reaction 
C)  repetition of a label 
D)  All the answers are correct. 
A)  tone of voice 
B)  emotional reaction 
C)  repetition of a label 
D)  All the answers are correct.

Question 16

Except for reproductive cells, every cell of a normally developing human has _____ chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  23 
B)  23 pairs of 
C)  46 pairs of 
D)  between 23 and 46 pairs of 
A)  23 
B)  23 pairs of 
C)  46 pairs of 
D)  between 23 and 46 pairs of

Question 17

Which statement about cognitive development is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Assimilation is the interpretation of new experiences in terms of existing schemas. 
B)  The number and complexity of a child's schemas increase and learning occurs through accommodation. 
C)  In accommodation, new schemas are created for information that doesn't fit into one's present schema. 
D)  In assimilation, existing schemas are modified to include new information that doesn't fit into one's present schemas. 
A)  Assimilation is the interpretation of new experiences in terms of existing schemas. 
B)  The number and complexity of a child's schemas increase and learning occurs through accommodation. 
C)  In accommodation, new schemas are created for information that doesn't fit into one's present schema. 
D)  In assimilation, existing schemas are modified to include new information that doesn't fit into one's present schemas.

Question 18

In the strange situation, Daniel is hesitant to explore and maintains close contact to his mother while she is in the room. When his mother leaves, Daniel shows high levels of distress and when she returns he alternates between clinging to her and pushing her away. It is MOST likely that Daniel has a(n) _____ attachment to his mother.

Accepted Answer

A)  insecure 
B)  secure 
C)  insecure-ambivalent 
D)  insecure-disorganized 
A)  insecure 
B)  secure 
C)  insecure-ambivalent 
D)  insecure-disorganized

Question 19

Secure attachments have been linked to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher levels of cognitive functioning 
B)  higher incomes in adulthood 
C)  more enduring long-term relationships 
D)  All of these. 
A)  higher levels of cognitive functioning 
B)  higher incomes in adulthood 
C)  more enduring long-term relationships 
D)  All of these.

Question 20

If Virginia wanted to conduct an experiment to determine how intelligence changes in adulthood, which of the following would NOT be a factor when deciding whether to use a cross-sectional or longitudinal design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cross-sectional studies are less time-consuming and less expensive than longitudinal studies. 
B)  Cohort effects may contribute to incorrect conclusions about changes in intelligence. 
C)  Participants in a longitudinal study may discontinue their participation, move away, or die during the study. 
D)  Cross-sectional studies would require repeated testing of participants. 
A)  Cross-sectional studies are less time-consuming and less expensive than longitudinal studies. 
B)  Cohort effects may contribute to incorrect conclusions about changes in intelligence. 
C)  Participants in a longitudinal study may discontinue their participation, move away, or die during the study. 
D)  Cross-sectional studies would require repeated testing of participants.

Exam 7: Section 2: Developmental Psychology

The stage of middle adulthood includes people who range in age from _____.

Which statement about perceptual preferences in infants is FALSE?

At 4 years old, Olivia is beginning to assume responsibility for such tasks as feeding her dog, but feels badly when she is scolded by her parents for attempting to take the dog for a walk by herself. Olivia's behavior and feelings MOST closely correspond to which of Erikson's stages?

The biological sex of a person is determined by which of the following?

In Kohlberg's dilemma about Heinz stealing a drug, someone who indicated that it was OK for Heinz to steal the drug because it was his duty to protect his wife's life, given his marriage vows, would be classified as _____.

For a male fetus, the father contributes a(n) _____ chromosome and the mother contributes a(n) _____ chromosome.

An illusion called Thatcherization can be created by rotating the eyes and mouth 180 degrees within the image of a face. Using this illusion, researchers have discovered which statement is FALSE?

Jean Piaget studied how children think using which of the following methods?

An information-processing approach to understanding cognitive development would examine how children _____.

Research on Piaget's stages of cognitive development indicates that children in the concrete operational stage acquire an understanding of _____ before an understanding of _____.

Infants often _____ before they _____.

Which statement about a theory of mind is FALSE?

Studies of infant cognitive abilities reveal that very young infants _____.

Tomasello, Strosberg, and Akhtar (1996) found that 18-month-old children often used a speaker's _____ to determine which novel object the adult speaker was labeling.

Except for reproductive cells, every cell of a normally developing human has _____ chromosomes.

Which statement about cognitive development is FALSE?

Secure attachments have been linked to _____.

If Virginia wanted to conduct an experiment to determine how intelligence changes in adulthood, which of the following would NOT be a factor when deciding whether to use a cross-sectional or longitudinal design?

Section 1: The Science of Psychology

Section 2: The Science of Psychology

Section 3: The Science of Psychology

Section 4: The Science of Psychology

Section 1: Neuroscience

Section 2: Neuroscience

Section 3: Neuroscience

Section 4: Neuroscience

Section 1: Sensation and Perception

Section 2: Sensation and Perception

Section 3: Sensation and Perception

Section 4: Sensation and Perception

Section 1: Learning

Section 2: Learning

Section 3: Learning

Section 4: Learning

Section 1:memory

Section 2:memory

Section 3:memory

Section 4:memory

Section 1: Thinking and Intelligence

Section 2: Thinking and Intelligence

Section 3: Thinking and Intelligence

Section 4: Thinking and Intelligence

Section 1: Developmental Psychology

Section 3: Developmental Psychology

Section 4: Developmental Psychology

Section 1: Personality Theories and Assessment

Section 2: Personality Theories and Assessment

Section 3: Personality Theories and Assessment

Section 4: Personality Theories and Assessment

Section 1: Social Psychology

Section 2: Social Psychology

Section 3: Social Psychology

Section 4: Social Psychology

Section 1: Abnormal Psychology

Section 2: Abnormal Psychology

Section 3: Abnormal Psychology

Section 4: Abnormal Psychology

Filters

For a male fetus, the father contributes a(n) _ chromosome and the mother contributes a(n) _ chromosome.

Research on Piaget's stages of cognitive development indicates that children in the concrete operational stage acquire an understanding of _ before an understanding of _.

Infants often _ before they _.