Exam 12: Moral Understanding and Behavior

Your friends are the parents of an aggressive six-year-old son. When their son behaves aggressively, they spank him to punish him for his behavior. They have not seen any improvement in his behavior and they have asked you for advice. What can you tell them about parental behavior that is related to aggression in children?

Exposure at the community level to violence and pro-aggression attitudes leads adolescents to seek punishment for others who engage in aggressive and violent behavior.

A child who reasons at the preconventional level would help another person because

Children who showed greater self-control as 4-year-olds had more self-control, were more attentive, were better able to plan, and had higher SAT scores as 15- to 18-year-olds.

Playing violent video games leads to aggressive and violent behavior in much the same way that watching violent TV does.

One theory suggests that children who have difficulty learning in school become frustrated and unhappy and they express this frustration by engaging in aggressive behaviors toward their peers.

At about __________ of age children first become capable of self-regulation.

At about __________ year(s) of age, children first become aware that people impose demands on them and that they are not entirely free to behave as they wish.

Preschoolers

Lonnie believes that preservation of life takes precedence over all other rights. Lonnie is in Kohlberg's __________ stage of moral reasoning.

Research on Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning suggests that

Chip, an aggressive child, is walking down a sidewalk when someone bumps into him. How is Chip most likely to interpret the situation?

Research has shown that both men and women use caring for others and justice as bases for moral reasoning.

Which of the following statements concerning Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning is TRUE?

Preschoolers believe that pushing a child or damaging another child's possessions is wrong even when an adult says it's okay.

Individuals who are reared with traditional Hindu beliefs

Repeated exposure to reasoning during discipline seems to promote prosocial behavior in children.

A controversial element of Kohlberg's theory is his claim that

Which of the following statements about prosocial behavior is INCORRECT?

Longitudinal studies measuring individuals' level of moral reasoning over time found that