Question 1

Which of the following children is LEAST likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antoine, whose parents volunteer weekly at the local nursing home 
B)  Bianca, who has warn, supportive parents who frequently engage in emotional discussions with her 
C)  Clemson, who helps his grandmother with her laundry 
D)  Devinia, who is discouraged by her parents from volunteering at the YMCA 
A)  Antoine, whose parents volunteer weekly at the local nursing home 
B)  Bianca, who has warn, supportive parents who frequently engage in emotional discussions with her 
C)  Clemson, who helps his grandmother with her laundry 
D)  Devinia, who is discouraged by her parents from volunteering at the YMCA

Question 2

Heather really wanted to eat a piece of candy, but her mother had told her not to eat anything before dinner so she didn't. Heather's ability to resist the temptation to eat the candy shows

Accepted Answer

A)  moral realism. 
B)  moral relativism. 
C)  empathy. 
D)  self-control. 
A)  moral realism. 
B)  moral relativism. 
C)  empathy. 
D)  self-control.

Question 3

Around the first birthday, infants become aware of the fact that others impose demands on them and they must react accordingly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Research consistently shows that children who are chronic victims of aggression are often anxious and depressed, and have low self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A new student in school enters the cafeteria looking lonely and scared. Who is most likely to help the new student adjust to school by showing her how to get her lunch and sitting with her?

Accepted Answer

A)  Allie, who knows her from church 
B)  Sarah, who isn't familiar with the cafeteria routine because she usually eats at home 
C)  Janelle, who was punished by the teacher earlier in the day 
D)  Emily, who won't be able to talk to her friends if she sits with the new student 
A)  Allie, who knows her from church 
B)  Sarah, who isn't familiar with the cafeteria routine because she usually eats at home 
C)  Janelle, who was punished by the teacher earlier in the day 
D)  Emily, who won't be able to talk to her friends if she sits with the new student

Question 6

When Beth watched a movie in which a baby elephant's mother died, she cried because she could feel the baby elephant's loneliness and sorrow. Beth displayed

Accepted Answer

A)  prosocial behavior. 
B)  altruism. 
C)  self control. 
D)  empathy. 
A)  prosocial behavior. 
B)  altruism. 
C)  self control. 
D)  empathy.

Question 7

__________ are arbitrary standards of behavior agreed to by a cultural group to facilitate interactions within the group.

Accepted Answer

A)  Personal moral codes 
B)  Social conventions 
C)  Stages of moral reasoning 
D)  Immanent justices 
A)  Personal moral codes 
B)  Social conventions 
C)  Stages of moral reasoning 
D)  Immanent justices

Question 8

Moral decision-making based on social norms is characteristic of which of Kohlberg's levels of moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  preconventional level 
B)  conventional level 
C)  postconventional level 
D)  empathic level 
A)  preconventional level 
B)  conventional level 
C)  postconventional level 
D)  empathic level

Question 9

Aggressive and antisocial behavior is less common among people living in poverty.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which child would be most likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  a child with high levels of perspective-taking 
B)  a child who uses rewards and punishments as the basis for moral judgments 
C)  a child who has low levels of empathy 
D)  a child with high levels of egocentrism 
A)  a child with high levels of perspective-taking 
B)  a child who uses rewards and punishments as the basis for moral judgments 
C)  a child who has low levels of empathy 
D)  a child with high levels of egocentrism

Question 11

Sergei is in Piaget's stage of moral relativism. He is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  think that breaking a rule always leads to punishment. 
B)  believe that rules must be followed and cannot be changed. 
C)  believe that adult authority is absolute. 
D)  understand that rules are created by people to help them get along. 
A)  think that breaking a rule always leads to punishment. 
B)  believe that rules must be followed and cannot be changed. 
C)  believe that adult authority is absolute. 
D)  understand that rules are created by people to help them get along.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding the intervention program called Fast Track?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fast Track is designed to teach academic and social skills to elementary-school children. 
B)  Fast Track is designed to teach life and vocational skills to adolescents. 
C)  Aggressive and destructive behavior among children who were at the highest risk in kindergarten was doubled compared to similar high-risk children who did not go through the Fast Track program. 
D)  Fast Track is designed to teach parents skills for effective child rearing and how to stay involved with the children and monitor their behavior. 
A)  Fast Track is designed to teach academic and social skills to elementary-school children. 
B)  Fast Track is designed to teach life and vocational skills to adolescents. 
C)  Aggressive and destructive behavior among children who were at the highest risk in kindergarten was doubled compared to similar high-risk children who did not go through the Fast Track program. 
D)  Fast Track is designed to teach parents skills for effective child rearing and how to stay involved with the children and monitor their behavior.

Question 13

Hostile aggression emerges later than instrumental aggression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which comment would you expect to hear from Gina, who is in Kohlberg's instrumental orientation stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I'm going to give money to the poor because that's what good people do." 
B)  "Sometimes I really hate not being able to run in the hallway, but I know it's important for everyone's safety that students obey school rules." 
C)  "If you let me play with your toy, I'll let you play with my toy." 
D)  "Even though you're supposed to be at school by 8:00, sometimes being late to school is justified - like when you're late because you stopped to help a friend who got hurt on the way to school." 
A)  "I'm going to give money to the poor because that's what good people do." 
B)  "Sometimes I really hate not being able to run in the hallway, but I know it's important for everyone's safety that students obey school rules." 
C)  "If you let me play with your toy, I'll let you play with my toy." 
D)  "Even though you're supposed to be at school by 8:00, sometimes being late to school is justified - like when you're late because you stopped to help a friend who got hurt on the way to school."

Question 15

Juanita and her friends have set some rules for a playground game. Juanita realizes that these rules will reduce arguments and can be changed if needed. Juanita is showing

Accepted Answer

A)  immanent justice. 
B)  conventional reasoning. 
C)  moral realism. 
D)  moral relativism. 
A)  immanent justice. 
B)  conventional reasoning. 
C)  moral realism. 
D)  moral relativism.

Question 16

The impact of bullying is reduced

Accepted Answer

A)  when children are insulted or ridiculed. 
B)  when children see others being bullied. 
C)  when victimization by physical force occurs frequently. 
D)  when children are left alone to deal with the victimization. 
A)  when children are insulted or ridiculed. 
B)  when children see others being bullied. 
C)  when victimization by physical force occurs frequently. 
D)  when children are left alone to deal with the victimization.

Question 17

According to the research of Peake, Hebl, and Mischel 2002) which of the following is NOT correct regarding preschool children's ability to delay gratification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Left to their own devices, preschool children are very successful in delaying gratification. 
B)  If attention is engaged in other tasks, preschool children are successful in delaying gratification. 
C)  For preschool children, a critical part of resisting temptation is the ability to control the direction of attention. 
D)  For preschool children, a critical part of resisting temptation is the ability to move the focus of attention across a situation strategically. 
A)  Left to their own devices, preschool children are very successful in delaying gratification. 
B)  If attention is engaged in other tasks, preschool children are successful in delaying gratification. 
C)  For preschool children, a critical part of resisting temptation is the ability to control the direction of attention. 
D)  For preschool children, a critical part of resisting temptation is the ability to move the focus of attention across a situation strategically.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the relation of parenting and self-control?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children with very strict parents have higher levels of self-control. 
B)  Children whose parents do not encourage independence have greater self-control. 
C)  Children whose parents encourage them to make their own decisions have more self-control. 
D)  Children whose parents "overcontrol" them have higher levels of self-esteem. 
A)  Children with very strict parents have higher levels of self-control. 
B)  Children whose parents do not encourage independence have greater self-control. 
C)  Children whose parents encourage them to make their own decisions have more self-control. 
D)  Children whose parents "overcontrol" them have higher levels of self-esteem.

Question 19

Children are more likely to help when they practice helping at home and elsewhere.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Critics of Kohlberg's theory have noted that not all cultures have the same emphasis on __________ that is found in traditional American culture and in Kohlberg's theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  individual rights and justice 
B)  duty and responsibility to others 
C)  care-based morality 
D)  the Hindu religion 
A)  individual rights and justice 
B)  duty and responsibility to others 
C)  care-based morality 
D)  the Hindu religion

Which of the following children is LEAST likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

Heather really wanted to eat a piece of candy, but her mother had told her not to eat anything before dinner so she didn't. Heather's ability to resist the temptation to eat the candy shows

Around the first birthday, infants become aware of the fact that others impose demands on them and they must react accordingly.

Research consistently shows that children who are chronic victims of aggression are often anxious and depressed, and have low self-esteem.

A new student in school enters the cafeteria looking lonely and scared. Who is most likely to help the new student adjust to school by showing her how to get her lunch and sitting with her?

When Beth watched a movie in which a baby elephant's mother died, she cried because she could feel the baby elephant's loneliness and sorrow. Beth displayed

__________ are arbitrary standards of behavior agreed to by a cultural group to facilitate interactions within the group.

Moral decision-making based on social norms is characteristic of which of Kohlberg's levels of moral reasoning?

Aggressive and antisocial behavior is less common among people living in poverty.

Which child would be most likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

Sergei is in Piaget's stage of moral relativism. He is likely to

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding the intervention program called Fast Track?

Hostile aggression emerges later than instrumental aggression.

Which comment would you expect to hear from Gina, who is in Kohlberg's instrumental orientation stage?

Juanita and her friends have set some rules for a playground game. Juanita realizes that these rules will reduce arguments and can be changed if needed. Juanita is showing

The impact of bullying is reduced

According to the research of Peake, Hebl, and Mischel 2002) which of the following is NOT correct regarding preschool children's ability to delay gratification?

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the relation of parenting and self-control?

Children are more likely to help when they practice helping at home and elsewhere.

Critics of Kohlberg's theory have noted that not all cultures have the same emphasis on __________ that is found in traditional American culture and in Kohlberg's theory.

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters

Exam 12: Moral Understanding and Behavior

Which of the following children is LEAST likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

Heather really wanted to eat a piece of candy, but her mother had told her not to eat anything before dinner so she didn't. Heather's ability to resist the temptation to eat the candy shows

Around the first birthday, infants become aware of the fact that others impose demands on them and they must react accordingly.

Research consistently shows that children who are chronic victims of aggression are often anxious and depressed, and have low self-esteem.

A new student in school enters the cafeteria looking lonely and scared. Who is most likely to help the new student adjust to school by showing her how to get her lunch and sitting with her?

When Beth watched a movie in which a baby elephant's mother died, she cried because she could feel the baby elephant's loneliness and sorrow. Beth displayed

__________ are arbitrary standards of behavior agreed to by a cultural group to facilitate interactions within the group.

Moral decision-making based on social norms is characteristic of which of Kohlberg's levels of moral reasoning?

Aggressive and antisocial behavior is less common among people living in poverty.

Which child would be most likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

Sergei is in Piaget's stage of moral relativism. He is likely to

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding the intervention program called Fast Track?

Hostile aggression emerges later than instrumental aggression.

Which comment would you expect to hear from Gina, who is in Kohlberg's instrumental orientation stage?

Juanita and her friends have set some rules for a playground game. Juanita realizes that these rules will reduce arguments and can be changed if needed. Juanita is showing

The impact of bullying is reduced

According to the research of Peake, Hebl, and Mischel 2002) which of the following is NOT correct regarding preschool children's ability to delay gratification?

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the relation of parenting and self-control?

Children are more likely to help when they practice helping at home and elsewhere.

Critics of Kohlberg's theory have noted that not all cultures have the same emphasis on __________ that is found in traditional American culture and in Kohlberg's theory.

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters