Exam 10: Intelligence-Part C

Charles Spearman's two factors of intelligence were fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence.

Whites typically outscore Blacks on intelligence tests.

John Carroll included musical intelligence in the middle-level abilities he identified through factor analysis.

Women tend to outscore men on tests that require transformations in visual or spatial memory.

Children who were breastfed tend to have higher IQ scores than children who were not breastfed.

Modern researchers typically use the ratio IQ for children and the deviation IQ for adults.

One criticism of the theory-based approach is that it cannot identify any middle-level ability that intelligence tests do not already measure.

The majority of college students have used prescription stimulants as cognitive enhancers.

Adderall is a mixture of amphetamine salts.

In estimating the intelligence level of someone you meet for the first time,a good predictor is how long they hold your gaze during a conversation.

The IQ correlation of identical twins raised apart is higher than that of fraternal twins raised in the same household.

Crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence are terms for the same underlying construct,which is known as practical intelligence.

As environments become more similar,the heritability coefficient of intelligence decreases.

The average difference in intelligence scores between groups is considerably more than the average difference in intelligence scores within groups.

Highly intelligent people live longer than do those who are less intelligent.

In a large and diverse population,at least 50% of the variability in intelligence scores can be accounted for by genetic factors.

Robert Sternberg believed there are three kinds of intelligence: analytic intelligence,creative intelligence,and practical intelligence.

The heritability of intelligence generally increases with the age of the sample measured.

Fluid intelligence is generally assessed by tests of vocabulary,factual information,and so on.

Crystallized intelligence is generally assessed by timed tests of abstract reasoning.