Question 1

Which one of the following organs is considered to be the main storage site for vitamin A in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Skin 
B)  Intestinal tract 
C)  Liver 
D)  Blood 
A)  Skin 
B)  Intestinal tract 
C)  Liver 
D)  Blood C

Question 2

Which of the following may result from obesity?

Accepted Answer

A)  elevation of serum free fatty acids, cholesterol, and triacylglycerols 
B)  fewer insulin receptors 
C)  increased lipase activity 
D)  high fasting blood sugar levels 
E)  all of the above 
A)  elevation of serum free fatty acids, cholesterol, and triacylglycerols 
B)  fewer insulin receptors 
C)  increased lipase activity 
D)  high fasting blood sugar levels 
E)  all of the above E

Question 3

Poor nutrition in students presents first as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Impaired performance 
B)  Shortness of breath 
C)  Skin lesions 
D)  Sleep disturbances 
E)  Weight gain 
A)  Impaired performance 
B)  Shortness of breath 
C)  Skin lesions 
D)  Sleep disturbances 
E)  Weight gain A

Question 4

The most active form of vitamin D, 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, is synthesized from its precursor,25 -hydroxycholecalciferol, in

Accepted Answer

A)  the kidney. 
B)  the liver. 
C)  the skin. 
D)  the intestinal mucosa. 
E)  plants. It must be supplied to humans in the diet. 
A)  the kidney. 
B)  the liver. 
C)  the skin. 
D)  the intestinal mucosa. 
E)  plants. It must be supplied to humans in the diet.

Question 5

Which one of the following mineral nutrients is not generally classified as a trace element?

Accepted Answer

A)  molybdenum 
B)  chromium 
C)  magnesium 
D)  manganese 
E)  zinc 
A)  molybdenum 
B)  chromium 
C)  magnesium 
D)  manganese 
E)  zinc

Question 6

The most abundant lipid in the average diet is

Accepted Answer

A)  steroid. 
B)  glycerol. 
C)  triacylglycerol 
D)  fatty acid. 
E)  none of the above. 
A)  steroid. 
B)  glycerol. 
C)  triacylglycerol 
D)  fatty acid. 
E)  none of the above.

Question 7

Vitamin B12 contains

Accepted Answer

A)  copper. 
B)  cobalt. 
C)  cadmium. 
D)  chromium. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  copper. 
B)  cobalt. 
C)  cadmium. 
D)  chromium. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 8

When an individual is found to be in negative energy balance,

Accepted Answer

A)  appropriate vitamin supplements are usually sufficient to correct the condition. 
B)  the individual gains weight as a result of using less than a normal amount of energy. 
C)  the caloric content of the food ingested is less than the measured energy output. 
D)  too little energy has been expended in the maintenance of a normal body temperature. 
A)  appropriate vitamin supplements are usually sufficient to correct the condition. 
B)  the individual gains weight as a result of using less than a normal amount of energy. 
C)  the caloric content of the food ingested is less than the measured energy output. 
D)  too little energy has been expended in the maintenance of a normal body temperature.

Question 9

Which compound is NOT an immediate participant in the urea cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  argininosuccinate 
B)  citrulline 
C)  ornithine 
D)  arginine 
E)  succinate 
A)  argininosuccinate 
B)  citrulline 
C)  ornithine 
D)  arginine 
E)  succinate

Question 10

Dietary deficiency disease caused primarily by insufficient protein intake is:

Accepted Answer

A)  pellagra 
B)  PCM 
C)  starvation 
D)  kwashiorkor 
E)  scurvy 
A)  pellagra 
B)  PCM 
C)  starvation 
D)  kwashiorkor 
E)  scurvy

Question 11

Tyrosine is not required in the diet of humans because we can synthesize it from

Accepted Answer

A)  tryptophan 
B)  phenylalanine 
C)  lysine 
D)  histidine 
E)  methionine 
A)  tryptophan 
B)  phenylalanine 
C)  lysine 
D)  histidine 
E)  methionine

Question 12

Pyridoxal phosphate is involved in

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidation-reduction reactions. 
B)  carboxylation reactions. 
C)  decarboxylation reactions. 
D)  aminotransferases. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  oxidation-reduction reactions. 
B)  carboxylation reactions. 
C)  decarboxylation reactions. 
D)  aminotransferases. 
E)  none of the above

Question 13

Copper participates in all EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Amino acid metabolism 
B)  Cross linking collagen 
C)  Mobilizing iron 
D)  Phosphoryl transfer 
E)  Transferring electrons 
A)  Amino acid metabolism 
B)  Cross linking collagen 
C)  Mobilizing iron 
D)  Phosphoryl transfer 
E)  Transferring electrons

Question 14

Dietary fiber

Accepted Answer

A)  is a synonym for complex fats 
B)  may promote diseases like diverticulosis and cardiovascular disease 
C)  includes the simple carbohydrates 
D)  in very large amounts has no physiological effect 
E)  may be increased by increasing the consumption of fruits, vegetables and whole-grain cereal products 
A)  is a synonym for complex fats 
B)  may promote diseases like diverticulosis and cardiovascular disease 
C)  includes the simple carbohydrates 
D)  in very large amounts has no physiological effect 
E)  may be increased by increasing the consumption of fruits, vegetables and whole-grain cereal products

Question 15

Thiamine deficiency results in accumulation of which of the following metabolites in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  citrate 
B)  glycerol 
C)  pyruvate 
D)  glucose 
E)  carbon dioxide 
A)  citrate 
B)  glycerol 
C)  pyruvate 
D)  glucose 
E)  carbon dioxide

Question 16

The active hormone derived from vitamin D3 is

Accepted Answer

A)  produced in the skin. 
B)  hydroxylated in the 1 and 25 positions. 
C)  dependent on sunlight. 
D)  supplied in the diet. 
E)  required for urinary Ca2+ excretion. 
A)  produced in the skin. 
B)  hydroxylated in the 1 and 25 positions. 
C)  dependent on sunlight. 
D)  supplied in the diet. 
E)  required for urinary Ca2+ excretion.

Question 17

Tetrahydrofolate is involved in the de novo synthesis of

Accepted Answer

A)  adenylic acid. 
B)  thymidylic acid. 
C)  guanylic acid. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  none of the above. 
A)  adenylic acid. 
B)  thymidylic acid. 
C)  guanylic acid. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  none of the above.

Question 18

All of the following statements about the vitamin D-regulated of calcium ions are true EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  ergocalciferol is normally converted to cholecalciferol in a reaction requiring ultraviolet light. 
B)  irradiated ergosterol is added to commercial milk because it can replace cholecalciferol. 
C)  cholecalciferol is 25-hydroxylated in the liver. 
D)  hydroxycholecalciferol is further hydroxylated in kidney to form the active hormone. 
E)  excess vitamin D can lead to hypercalcemia, which in turn can result in calcification of soft tissue. 
A)  ergocalciferol is normally converted to cholecalciferol in a reaction requiring ultraviolet light. 
B)  irradiated ergosterol is added to commercial milk because it can replace cholecalciferol. 
C)  cholecalciferol is 25-hydroxylated in the liver. 
D)  hydroxycholecalciferol is further hydroxylated in kidney to form the active hormone. 
E)  excess vitamin D can lead to hypercalcemia, which in turn can result in calcification of soft tissue.

Question 19

Three nutritionally essential amino acids which tend to be deficient in plant proteins are:

Accepted Answer

A)  lysine, arginine and threonine 
B)  methionine, lysine and tyrosine 
C)  tryptophan, methionine and lysine 
D)  tryptophan, lysine and leucine 
E)  lysine, leucine and tyrosine 
A)  lysine, arginine and threonine 
B)  methionine, lysine and tyrosine 
C)  tryptophan, methionine and lysine 
D)  tryptophan, lysine and leucine 
E)  lysine, leucine and tyrosine

Question 20

Biotin deficiency would be expected to decrease

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidation of palmitate. 
B)  gluconeogenesis from alanine. 
C)  lactic acid fermentation. 
D)  oxidation of pyruvate to CO2. 
E)  ketone degradation. 
A)  oxidation of palmitate. 
B)  gluconeogenesis from alanine. 
C)  lactic acid fermentation. 
D)  oxidation of pyruvate to CO2. 
E)  ketone degradation.

Exam 27: Principles of Nutrition I and II

Which one of the following organs is considered to be the main storage site for vitamin A in the body?

Which of the following may result from obesity?

Poor nutrition in students presents first as:

The most active form of vitamin D, 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, is synthesized from its precursor,25 -hydroxycholecalciferol, in

Which one of the following mineral nutrients is not generally classified as a trace element?

The most abundant lipid in the average diet is

Vitamin B12 contains

When an individual is found to be in negative energy balance,

Which compound is NOT an immediate participant in the urea cycle?

Dietary deficiency disease caused primarily by insufficient protein intake is:

Tyrosine is not required in the diet of humans because we can synthesize it from

Pyridoxal phosphate is involved in

Copper participates in all EXCEPT:

Dietary fiber

Thiamine deficiency results in accumulation of which of the following metabolites in the blood?

The active hormone derived from vitamin D3 is

Tetrahydrofolate is involved in the de novo synthesis of

All of the following statements about the vitamin D-regulated of calcium ions are true EXCEPT

Three nutritionally essential amino acids which tend to be deficient in plant proteins are:

Biotin deficiency would be expected to decrease

Eukaryotic Cell Structure

DNA and RNA: Composition and Structure

Protein I: Composition and Structure

DNA Replication, Recombination, and Repair

RNA: Transcription and Rna Processing

Protein Synthesis: Translation and Posttranslational Modifications

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Regulation of Gene Expression

Protein II: Structure-Function Relationships in Protein Families

Enzymes: Classification, Kinetics, and Control

The Cytochromes P450 and Nitric Oxide Synthases

Biological Membranes: Structure and Membrane Transport

Fundamentals of Signal Transduction

Bioenergetics and Oxidative Metabolism

Carbohydrate Metabolism I: Major Metabolic Pathways and Their Control

Carbohydrate Metabolism II: Special Pathways and Glycoconjugates

Lipid Metabolism I: Synthesis, Storage, and Utilization of Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerols

Lipid Metabolism II: Pathways of Metabolism of Special Lipids

Amino Acid Metabolism

Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Interrelationships

Biochemistry of Hormones

Molecular Cell Biology

Cell Cycle, Programmed Cell Death, and Cancer

Digestion and Absorption of Basic Nutritional Constituents

Digestion and Absorption of Basic Nutritional Constituents

Filters

Vitamin B₁₂ contains

The active hormone derived from vitamin D₃is