Exam 1: Understanding Human Development

Which of the following statements is true regarding the corporal punishment of children?

Longitudinal studies are more likely to include cohort effects than are cross-sectional studies.

When developmental researchers consider periods of development arranged according to age, they are taking which type of approach?

Which of the following is the best example of what is meant by the term maturation?

A researcher who is most interested in understanding how children develop reasoning and problem-solving skills would be described as having a focus on the:

The main ideas that define the evolutionary perspective can be traced most directly to the writings of which of the following people?

A researcher studies how the scores children receive on a spelling test are affected by the amount of sugar they consumed for breakfast. She identifies a group of children and feeds half of them a high-sugar breakfast and feeds the other half a low-sugar breakfast. She gives them the spelling test three hours later. In this study, what is the independent variable?

Suppose you find that as children get older, they have larger vocabularies. You have found a _____________ correlation between age and vocabulary size.

The period of development referred to as infancy refers to which of the following?

During the phallic stage, pleasure is focused on what body part?

Sixteen-year-old Dave was an exchange student in Europe for a year. When he returned, he had altered many of his ways of thinking about people, because his new experiences did not fit his old concepts. What Piagetian process was at work?

The fact that people do not always remember their own behavior correctly poses the most significant problem for which of the following research methods?

Piaget's theory of cognitive development suggests that children start out in life relying primarily on their senses and bodily motion. This stage is referred to as which of the following?

Evolution refers in general to the process through which species change across generations.

Dr. Matthews believes that children learn by observing and by being guided by older children and adults. Thus, child development is like the apprenticeship that electricians serve as they learn their trade by working with experienced individuals. Dr. Matthews's view of child development is most similar to that advanced by:

Although no one has ever taught Kenna how to behave in church, when she goes there she seems to understand that it is a place to be quiet, to sit calmly, and to do what other people do. Kenna's church behavior is best thought of as developing through:

What is the correct developmental sequence of Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages?

A researcher interested in studying how friendship changes with age asks students in first-, third-, fifth-, seventh-, ninth-, and eleventh-grades to complete a questionnaire. What type of research design is this researcher using?

Cultures in which individuals are encouraged to put time and energy into projects that will help large groups of people in their own society are best described as:

Dr. Abboud wants to better understand how college students solve problems involving moral dilemmas. To do so, he passes out questionnaires to students in his developmental psychology class, asking them to respond. In Dr. Abboud's study, the students in his class would be considered the ________ and all college students would be considered the ___________.