Exam 6: Development of the Self and Social Cognition

The statement "June draws better than Seth" would be classified by Barenboim as a

Compared to minority youth at the diffusion or foreclosed status of ethnic identity achievement, those who have achieved an ethnic identity

If a person's "Who Am I?" statements consisted primarily of attributes reflecting personal achievements and personal characteristics, we might conclude that this person

Once children develop a theory of mind and clearly differentiate their public and private selves, their self-descriptions

Children observe a film in which Billy acts mean to three peers. They rate how "bad" Billy's behavior is, indicate the extent to which Billy is "mean", and then make predictions about how Billy is likely to behave toward peers next week. If their behavioral predictions reflect true trait-like inferences, then the best predictor of their inferences about Billy's future behavior will be _____, a type of reasoning they begin to display by _____.

One line of evidence that even preschool children may display some "psychological" self-awareness is the observation that they

One of the first signs of an infant's emerging sense of self is

A well-developed _____ is thought to underlie a child's ability to distinguish "public" and "private" aspects of self.

Cross-cultural research reveals that

The verbal self-descriptions of preschool children

Baron-Cohen often cites _____ as evidence that theory of mind is a biologically-programmed human attribute.

Chenghuan sees a girl hide her favorite doll in a dresser drawer. Later, he sees the girl's mother find the doll there and place it in a toy box. When asked where the girl will look for the doll when she returns, Chenghuan says "In the toy box." From these observations we might assume that Chenghuan

Studies of adolescents suggest that girls who have the lowest levels of self- esteem are those who _____ , whereas boys with low levels of self-esteem _____ .

A child who recognizes that true friends exchange intimate thoughts and feelings rather than superficial courtesies and tangible commodities has probably reached Selman's Stage _____ or _____ .

Painful, crisis-like feelings, stress, and low self-esteem are most likely to be observed of individuals in the _____ status.

Between ages 6 and 9, overt ethnic bias and racially prejudicial attitudes generally _____ as children _____ .

Eder finds that 3 ½- to that provide the basis for _____ later in childhood.

Although they rarely describe others in trait-like terms capable of making some trait-like inferences from regularities in others'

Describe at least two observations that at least some developmentalists take as evidence that newborns have some sense of "self."

What do developmentalists mean when they refer to ethnic identity formation? What evidence is there that ethnic identity achievement is a positive development?