Question 1

A factor that seems to contribute a belief-desire theory of mind by illustrating that beliefs are mental constructions that influence behavior is

Accepted Answer

A)  collaborating with adults to deceive others in games involving trickery 
B)  participating in pretend play with siblings and peers 
C)  having no siblings and spending most of one's time in solitary play 
D)  collaborating with adults to deceive others in games involving trickery and participating in pretend play with siblings and peers 
E)  collaborating with adults to deceive others in games involving trickery and having no siblings and spending most of one's time in solitary play 
A)  collaborating with adults to deceive others in games involving trickery 
B)  participating in pretend play with siblings and peers 
C)  having no siblings and spending most of one's time in solitary play 
D)  collaborating with adults to deceive others in games involving trickery and participating in pretend play with siblings and peers 
E)  collaborating with adults to deceive others in games involving trickery and having no siblings and spending most of one's time in solitary play

Question 2

Jimmie feels very good about his grades and the large number of friends he has, but he realizes he is a poor fielder and will have to improve if he is to earn a spot on the Little League team. Jimmie displays

Accepted Answer

A)  low self-esteem 
B)  high self-esteem 
C)  an inferiority complex 
D)  a tendency to dwell too extensively on perceived inadequacies 
A)  low self-esteem 
B)  high self-esteem 
C)  an inferiority complex 
D)  a tendency to dwell too extensively on perceived inadequacies

Question 3

Research on the stability of self-esteem from middle childhood throughout adulthood reveals that

Accepted Answer

A)  self-esteem is highly stable from age 8 on 
B)  self-esteem often declines in adolescence 
C)  boys show larger dips in self-esteem than girls 
D)  self-esteem declines in young adulthood and rises among senior citizens 
E)  self-esteem increases from middle childhood to early adolescence 
A)  self-esteem is highly stable from age 8 on 
B)  self-esteem often declines in adolescence 
C)  boys show larger dips in self-esteem than girls 
D)  self-esteem declines in young adulthood and rises among senior citizens 
E)  self-esteem increases from middle childhood to early adolescence

Question 4

Children's self-concepts become more and more _____ over the course of childhood as they begin to incorporate _____ into their self-descriptions.

Accepted Answer

A)  abstract; psychological attributes 
B)  concrete; behavioral attributes 
C)  positive; socially desirable activities 
D)  public; private knowledge 
A)  abstract; psychological attributes 
B)  concrete; behavioral attributes 
C)  positive; socially desirable activities 
D)  public; private knowledge

Question 5

Harter and others find that when 8-year-olds rate their social, cognitive, and physical competencies and their general self-worth, they tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  rate themselves uniformly high or low in all domains 
B)  underestimate their competencies 
C)  view all these domains as equally important to their sense of self 
D)  rate themselves quite similarly to how others (teachers, peers) perceive them 
A)  rate themselves uniformly high or low in all domains 
B)  underestimate their competencies 
C)  view all these domains as equally important to their sense of self 
D)  rate themselves quite similarly to how others (teachers, peers) perceive them

Question 6

Children with high self-esteem often have parents who

Accepted Answer

A)  generally avoid making evaluative comments about their behavior 
B)  are warm, accepting, and set clear standards for them to live up to 
C)  do not hold them to specific goals or rules of conduct 
D)  rarely allow them to participate in family decisions 
A)  generally avoid making evaluative comments about their behavior 
B)  are warm, accepting, and set clear standards for them to live up to 
C)  do not hold them to specific goals or rules of conduct 
D)  rarely allow them to participate in family decisions

Question 7

Like George Herbert Mead, most developmentalists believe that infants are born with

Accepted Answer

A)  no sense of self 
B)  the ability to recognize themselves 
C)  a sense of categorical self 
D)  a rudimentary sense of self-control 
A)  no sense of self 
B)  the ability to recognize themselves 
C)  a sense of categorical self 
D)  a rudimentary sense of self-control

Question 8

Critics of Baron-Cohen's biological theory of mind believe that _____ explain the theory of mind deficits often seen in autistic children and the hearing impaired.

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of a theory of mind (TOMM) brain module 
B)  lack of general intellectual ability 
C)  deficits in shared attention and interpersonal communication 
D)  a history of attachment insecurity 
A)  lack of a theory of mind (TOMM) brain module 
B)  lack of general intellectual ability 
C)  deficits in shared attention and interpersonal communication 
D)  a history of attachment insecurity

Question 9

Close relationships with domineering parents have been found to promote identity _____ , whereas distant relationships with aloof parents seem to promote identity _____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement; diffusion 
B)  diffusion; achievement 
C)  diffusion; foreclosure 
D)  foreclosure; diffusion 
A)  achievement; diffusion 
B)  diffusion; achievement 
C)  diffusion; foreclosure 
D)  foreclosure; diffusion

Question 10

Owing perhaps to prescriptions that they respect parental authority and subordinate individual goals for the greater good of the family, _____ adolescents are likely to display _____ levels of global self-esteem than their European American classmates.

Accepted Answer

A)  African American; higher 
B)  Asian American; lower 
C)  African American; lower 
D)  Asian American; higher 
A)  African American; higher 
B)  Asian American; lower 
C)  African American; lower 
D)  Asian American; higher

Question 11

Among the major approaches to prejudice reduction that have been tried in U.S. schools, _____ have been least effective by itself.

Accepted Answer

A)  multicultural curricula 
B)  cooperative learning programs 
C)  anti-bias/Social-cognitive programs 
D)  none of the above; all three approaches have been highly effective at reducing prejudice 
A)  multicultural curricula 
B)  cooperative learning programs 
C)  anti-bias/Social-cognitive programs 
D)  none of the above; all three approaches have been highly effective at reducing prejudice

Question 12

Like Piaget contributor to role-taking skills, particularly

Accepted Answer

A)  disagreements among close friends 
B)  harmonious play among close friends 
C)  disagreements among rival play groups 
D)  harmonious play among classmate acquaintances 
A)  disagreements among close friends 
B)  harmonious play among close friends 
C)  disagreements among rival play groups 
D)  harmonious play among classmate acquaintances

Question 13

When minority youth call a member of their own ethnic group an "oreo" or a "coconut" they are

Accepted Answer

A)  displaying strong racial prejudice 
B)  illustrating the conflicts minority youth experience between the demands of the majority culture and those of their subculture 
C)  contributing in an adaptive way to the person's identity achievement 
D)  all of these 
A)  displaying strong racial prejudice 
B)  illustrating the conflicts minority youth experience between the demands of the majority culture and those of their subculture 
C)  contributing in an adaptive way to the person's identity achievement 
D)  all of these

Question 14

Jeannie and Colin believe that their children should have the freedom to explore options and to choose who and what they want to be. They are affectionate parents who respect their children's opinions and allow them to have a say in family decision making. Such a pattern of parenting often characterizes youth

Accepted Answer

A)  classified in either the "moratorium" or the "achievement" identity statuses 
B)  trapped in the "diffusion" status 
C)  who display identity "foreclosure" 
D)  who display a negative identity 
A)  classified in either the "moratorium" or the "achievement" identity statuses 
B)  trapped in the "diffusion" status 
C)  who display identity "foreclosure" 
D)  who display a negative identity

Question 15

Participation in sports has been found to _____ the self-esteem of adolescent girls by _____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  foster; promoting better body images and perceived physical competencies 
B)  foster; promoting a stronger spirit of cooperation and teamwork 
C)  undermine, undermining girls' perceived physical competencies 
D)  undermine, promoting a competitive orientation which undermines their cooperative orientation 
A)  foster; promoting better body images and perceived physical competencies 
B)  foster; promoting a stronger spirit of cooperation and teamwork 
C)  undermine, undermining girls' perceived physical competencies 
D)  undermine, promoting a competitive orientation which undermines their cooperative orientation

Question 16

Given the reasons cited in your text for sex differences in declining self-esteem in adolescence, one practice that may reduce the magnitude of this sex difference might be _____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  to encourage more boys to participate in sporting activities 
B)  to encourage more girls to participate in sporting activities 
C)  to encourage more boys to develop better social skills 
D)  to encourage more girls to develop better academic skills 
A)  to encourage more boys to participate in sporting activities 
B)  to encourage more girls to participate in sporting activities 
C)  to encourage more boys to develop better social skills 
D)  to encourage more girls to develop better academic skills

A factor that seems to contribute a belief-desire theory of mind by illustrating that beliefs are mental constructions that influence behavior is

Jimmie feels very good about his grades and the large number of friends he has, but he realizes he is a poor fielder and will have to improve if he is to earn a spot on the Little League team. Jimmie displays

Research on the stability of self-esteem from middle childhood throughout adulthood reveals that

Children's self-concepts become more and more _ over the course of childhood as they begin to incorporate _ into their self-descriptions.

Harter and others find that when 8-year-olds rate their social, cognitive, and physical competencies and their general self-worth, they tend to

Children with high self-esteem often have parents who

Like George Herbert Mead, most developmentalists believe that infants are born with

Critics of Baron-Cohen's biological theory of mind believe that _____ explain the theory of mind deficits often seen in autistic children and the hearing impaired.

Close relationships with domineering parents have been found to promote identity _ , whereas distant relationships with aloof parents seem to promote identity _ .

Owing perhaps to prescriptions that they respect parental authority and subordinate individual goals for the greater good of the family, _ adolescents are likely to display _ levels of global self-esteem than their European American classmates.

Among the major approaches to prejudice reduction that have been tried in U.S. schools, _____ have been least effective by itself.

Like Piaget contributor to role-taking skills, particularly

When minority youth call a member of their own ethnic group an "oreo" or a "coconut" they are

Participation in sports has been found to _ the self-esteem of adolescent girls by _ .

Given the reasons cited in your text for sex differences in declining self-esteem in adolescence, one practice that may reduce the magnitude of this sex difference might be _____ .

Introduction

Classical Theories of Social and Personality Development

Recent Perspectives on Social and Personality Development

Emotional Development and Temperament

Establishment of Intimate Relationships and Their Implications for Future Development

Achievement

Sex Differences, Gender Role Development and Sexuality

Aggression and Antisocial Conduct

Altruism and Moral Development

The Family

Extrafamilial Influences I: Television, Computers and Schooling

Extrafamilial Influences Ii: Peers As Socialization Agents

Epilogue: Putting the Pieces Together

Filters

Exam 6: Development of the Self and Social Cognition

A factor that seems to contribute a belief-desire theory of mind by illustrating that beliefs are mental constructions that influence behavior is

Jimmie feels very good about his grades and the large number of friends he has, but he realizes he is a poor fielder and will have to improve if he is to earn a spot on the Little League team. Jimmie displays

Research on the stability of self-esteem from middle childhood throughout adulthood reveals that

Children's self-concepts become more and more _____ over the course of childhood as they begin to incorporate _____ into their self-descriptions.

Harter and others find that when 8-year-olds rate their social, cognitive, and physical competencies and their general self-worth, they tend to

Children with high self-esteem often have parents who

Like George Herbert Mead, most developmentalists believe that infants are born with

Critics of Baron-Cohen's biological theory of mind believe that _____ explain the theory of mind deficits often seen in autistic children and the hearing impaired.

Close relationships with domineering parents have been found to promote identity _____ , whereas distant relationships with aloof parents seem to promote identity _____ .

Owing perhaps to prescriptions that they respect parental authority and subordinate individual goals for the greater good of the family, _____ adolescents are likely to display _____ levels of global self-esteem than their European American classmates.

Among the major approaches to prejudice reduction that have been tried in U.S. schools, _____ have been least effective by itself.

Like Piaget contributor to role-taking skills, particularly

When minority youth call a member of their own ethnic group an "oreo" or a "coconut" they are

Participation in sports has been found to _____ the self-esteem of adolescent girls by _____ .

Given the reasons cited in your text for sex differences in declining self-esteem in adolescence, one practice that may reduce the magnitude of this sex difference might be _____ .

Introduction

Classical Theories of Social and Personality Development

Recent Perspectives on Social and Personality Development

Emotional Development and Temperament

Establishment of Intimate Relationships and Their Implications for Future Development

Achievement

Sex Differences, Gender Role Development and Sexuality

Aggression and Antisocial Conduct

Altruism and Moral Development

The Family

Extrafamilial Influences I: Television, Computers and Schooling

Extrafamilial Influences Ii: Peers As Socialization Agents

Epilogue: Putting the Pieces Together

Filters

Children's self-concepts become more and more _ over the course of childhood as they begin to incorporate _ into their self-descriptions.

Close relationships with domineering parents have been found to promote identity _ , whereas distant relationships with aloof parents seem to promote identity _ .

Owing perhaps to prescriptions that they respect parental authority and subordinate individual goals for the greater good of the family, _ adolescents are likely to display _ levels of global self-esteem than their European American classmates.

Participation in sports has been found to _ the self-esteem of adolescent girls by _ .