Exam 6: D: Learning

Julie is paid based on commission,so her salary reflects a __________ schedule of reinforcement.

A stimulus presented to a person or animal that decreases the probability of a particular response is known as

Jules recently moved out of her mother's house with her dog and worked really hard to train some of the dog's "bad behaviours" (such as digging holes in the grass)out of her by using extinction at their new house.She managed to successfully stop her dog from digging holes.However,when she returned to her mother's house for a visit several months later,Jules notices that her dog started digging a hole in her mother's yard again.According to the principles of classical conditioning,this would be an example of

Sandy loves pop music and every time a "boy band" has come to town for a concert,she has pouted until her husband bought her a ticket.Last year,she heard about the Backstreet Boys concert and started whining to her husband about how badly she wanted to go,but he ignored her and did not buy her a ticket.This year,she wanted to go see Justin Bieber in concert but did not pout or whine to her husband and bought her own ticket.What process of conditioning has most likely occurred?

Aimee has trained her horse Bosker to "whinny" at the sound of a bell and has followed this with the presentation of an apple each time.Bosker seems to automatically whinny every time he hears a bell as he expects an apple.After repeated times where Bosker hears a bell and isn't given an apple,he no longer whinnies at the sound of a bell.What process of conditioning is reflected in this example?

Which of the following processes occurs in both operant conditioning and classical conditioning?

When Molson Canadian uses highly attractive men and women in their beer commercials,what type of conditioning are they using?

After Pavlov's dogs became conditioned to salivate at the sound of the bell,he experimented with ringing the bell and then failing to present the dogs with any food right away.Soon they stopped salivating to the sound of the bell.This represents the process called

A farmer is being troubled by coyotes eating his sheep.In an attempt to solve the problem,he kills a sheep and laces its body with a nausea-inducing drug.He leaves the sheep out where he knows the coyotes roam.He hopes they will learn not to eat the sheep.The farmer is attempting to apply the research of __________ to accomplish this.

Which of the following is true concerning the treatment of phobias using classical conditioning?

Which theorist believed that most of learning occurred by trial and error?

The phenomenon of __________ suggests that conditioning is more than an automatic,mindless process,and that our interpretation of a situation affects conditioning.

Pavlov conditioned a dog to salivate at a bell sound that was paired with a meat stimulus.After the CS-UCS linkage was strongly established,Pavlov then presented the dog with several flashes of a light followed by the bell sound.After a few days,when the light flashes were presented by themselves,the dog salivated.This is an example of

John has to give his cat Garfield a pill every day.He always opens up the pill bottle (which makes a popping sound)and removes one pill before giving it to Garfield,and he follows this by giving him a treat as a reward.After a while,John notices that when he opens up the pill bottle,Garfield comes running to him right away.In this example,the __________ is the unconditioned stimulus.

Discovering that habituation occurred in __________ helped to uncover the biological mechanisms of habituation and the neural basis of learning.

Studies of latent learning emphasize the importance of __________ on learning.

John B.Watson offered a live white rat to Little Albert and then made a loud noise behind his head by striking a steel bar with a hammer.The white rat served as the __________ in his study.

Julie is expected to cut the lawn weekly.Her parents only give her money once in a while after she cuts the lawn.Julie is being conditioned using a __________ schedule of reinforcement.

Sue noticed that whenever she opened the door to the pantry,her dog would come into the kitchen and act hungry,by drooling and whining.She thought that because the dog food was stored in the pantry,the sound of the door had become a(n)

Ben's mouth waters every time he hears the ice cream truck's familiar song in the distance.One day,a slightly different song is heard in the distance,and Ben's mouth waters.Ben's behaviour illustrates