Question 1

Which of the statements about the mental lexicon and lexical access is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Only one meaning of an ambiguous word (e.g. ,bank)is activated upon word presentation. 
B) Low-frequency words are more quickly accessed than are high-frequency words. 
C) For bilinguals,a given concept has only one entry in the mental lexicon. 
D) The mental lexicon is part of semantic memory. 
A) Only one meaning of an ambiguous word (e.g. ,bank)is activated upon word presentation. 
B) Low-frequency words are more quickly accessed than are high-frequency words. 
C) For bilinguals,a given concept has only one entry in the mental lexicon. 
D) The mental lexicon is part of semantic memory. B

Question 2

Nygaard and Queen (2008)found that the emotional prosody of word pronunciation

Accepted Answer

A) had no effect on word recognition. 
B) facilitated word recognition,but only when the emotional prosody matched the tone of the word. 
C) facilitated word recognition,but only when the emotional prosody mismatched the tone of the word. 
D) facilitated word recognition in all cases. 
A) had no effect on word recognition. 
B) facilitated word recognition,but only when the emotional prosody matched the tone of the word. 
C) facilitated word recognition,but only when the emotional prosody mismatched the tone of the word. 
D) facilitated word recognition in all cases. B

Question 3

The design feature of language that allows us to communicate ideas that are remote in space and time is

Accepted Answer

A) discreteness. 
B) specialization. 
C) productivity. 
D) displacement. 
A) discreteness. 
B) specialization. 
C) productivity. 
D) displacement. D

Question 4

The term "mental lexicon" refers

Accepted Answer

A) primarily to the words of language. 
B) primarily to the rules of language. 
C) both to the words and to the rules of language. 
D) to neither the words nor the rules of language. 
A) primarily to the words of language. 
B) primarily to the rules of language. 
C) both to the words and to the rules of language. 
D) to neither the words nor the rules of language.

Question 5

A person intended to say,"Do you want nuts on your sundae?" but instead said,"Do you want sundaes on your nut?" This is a slip of the tongue at the

Accepted Answer

A) word level. 
B) morpheme level. 
C) phoneme level. 
D) syntax level. 
A) word level. 
B) morpheme level. 
C) phoneme level. 
D) syntax level.

Question 6

The phomemic restoration effect is often cited as evidence for the role of ______ in

Accepted Answer

A) top-down processing;speech perception. 
B) top-down processing;speech production. 
C) bottom-up processing;speech perception. 
D) bottom-up processing;speech production. 
A) top-down processing;speech perception. 
B) top-down processing;speech production. 
C) bottom-up processing;speech perception. 
D) bottom-up processing;speech production.

Question 7

You are taking a test about language.Your ability to think about language in order to complete the test is an example of which design feature?

Accepted Answer

A) Productivity 
B) Arbitrariness 
C) Reflectiveness 
D) Semanticity 
A) Productivity 
B) Arbitrariness 
C) Reflectiveness 
D) Semanticity

Question 8

Vowel phonemes are the result of differences of position of the

Accepted Answer

A) tongue. 
B) teeth. 
C) vocal cords. 
D) epiglottis. 
A) tongue. 
B) teeth. 
C) vocal cords. 
D) epiglottis.

Question 9

Saffran,Aslin,and Newport (1996)presented infants with a continuous speech stream made up of four different three-syllable nonsense words,for a total of two minutes.Then,they tested whether infants had picked up on "word boundaries" by presenting these nonsense words and new sequences.The infants showed a preference for ______,demonstrating that they

Accepted Answer

A) neither sequence;had picked up on the word boundaries of the original nonsense words. 
B) neither sequence;had failed to pick up on the word boundaries of the original nonsense words. 
C) listening to the new sequences;had picked up on the word boundaries of the original nonsense words. 
D) listening to the new sequences;had failed to pick up on the word boundaries of the original nonsense words. 
A) neither sequence;had picked up on the word boundaries of the original nonsense words. 
B) neither sequence;had failed to pick up on the word boundaries of the original nonsense words. 
C) listening to the new sequences;had picked up on the word boundaries of the original nonsense words. 
D) listening to the new sequences;had failed to pick up on the word boundaries of the original nonsense words.

Question 10

"Bridget stayed up until 3:00 on Wednesday night watching news coverage of the election." You have never heard this sentence before.However,because of the language design feature of ________,you are able to understand the meaning of each of the words.

Accepted Answer

A) discreteness 
B) reflectiveness 
C) semanticity 
D) productivity 
A) discreteness 
B) reflectiveness 
C) semanticity 
D) productivity

Question 11

When children lie and deceive their parents to stay out of trouble,they are using which design feature of language?

Accepted Answer

A) Arbitrariness 
B) Specialization 
C) Displacement 
D) Prevarication 
A) Arbitrariness 
B) Specialization 
C) Displacement 
D) Prevarication

Question 12

Kempe,Shaeffler,and Thoresen (2010)investigated the relationship between emotional and linguistic prosodic inherent in child-directed speech (CDS)by having mothers and nonmothers interact with children.They found that

Accepted Answer

A) children were aided more in disambiguating a spoken instruction if it did not come from their mother. 
B) children were aided more in disambiguating a spoken instruction if it came from their mother. 
C) linguistic prosodic cues disrupted emotional prosodic cues. 
D) extremely exaggerated pauses were helpful to syntactic disambiguation. 
A) children were aided more in disambiguating a spoken instruction if it did not come from their mother. 
B) children were aided more in disambiguating a spoken instruction if it came from their mother. 
C) linguistic prosodic cues disrupted emotional prosodic cues. 
D) extremely exaggerated pauses were helpful to syntactic disambiguation.

Question 13

American Sign Language,unlike spoken language,is not characterized by which design feature?

Accepted Answer

A) Productivity 
B) Arbitrariness 
C) Reflectiveness 
D) Semanticity 
A) Productivity 
B) Arbitrariness 
C) Reflectiveness 
D) Semanticity

Question 14

Which of these is not one of the stages of speech production?

Accepted Answer

A) Planning 
B) Assembly 
C) Self-monitoring 
D) Conceptualization 
A) Planning 
B) Assembly 
C) Self-monitoring 
D) Conceptualization

Question 15

A ______ is the smallest unit of language that carries meaning.

Accepted Answer

A) phone 
B) phoneme 
C) morpheme 
D) word 
A) phone 
B) phoneme 
C) morpheme 
D) word

Question 16

Some African languages allow two consonants to appear together at the beginning of a word,as in "Nkomo";English does not allow this to occur unless the first consonant is an "s" as in skull.This example illustrates a difference in the ______ of the two languages.

Accepted Answer

A) morphology 
B) syntax 
C) phonology 
D) semantics 
A) morphology 
B) syntax 
C) phonology 
D) semantics

Question 17

The word "unhappiness" consists of how many bound and free morphemes?

Accepted Answer

A) Two bound,one free 
B) Two free,one bound 
C) Three free,no bound 
D) Three bound,no free 
A) Two bound,one free 
B) Two free,one bound 
C) Three free,no bound 
D) Three bound,no free

Question 18

The motor theory of speech perception

Accepted Answer

A) would predict that only humans can comprehend speech. 
B) proposes that speech perception operates via regular auditory perceptual mechanisms. 
C) is inconsistent with the incredible speed of speech perception. 
D) is inconsistent with the phenomenon of categorical perception. 
A) would predict that only humans can comprehend speech. 
B) proposes that speech perception operates via regular auditory perceptual mechanisms. 
C) is inconsistent with the incredible speed of speech perception. 
D) is inconsistent with the phenomenon of categorical perception.

Question 19

The /t/ sound in the word "tip" has different phonetic properties than the /t/ sound in "tap." This demonstrates _______.In spite of this phenomenon,we tend to hear these words as

Accepted Answer

A) categorical perception;invariant. 
B) categorical perception;variable. 
C) coarticulation;variable. 
D) coarticulation;invariant. 
A) categorical perception;invariant. 
B) categorical perception;variable. 
C) coarticulation;variable. 
D) coarticulation;invariant.

Question 20

The modular view of language

Accepted Answer

A) states that language ability operates via the same mechanisms devoted to other cognitive processes. 
B) states that language ability is special,and operates via mechanisms distinct from those devoted to other cognitive processes. 
C) would propose that speech perception is an ability shared by many species,not just humans. 
D) is inconsistent with evidence indicating that lyrics and tunes are processed separately in the brain. 
A) states that language ability operates via the same mechanisms devoted to other cognitive processes. 
B) states that language ability is special,and operates via mechanisms distinct from those devoted to other cognitive processes. 
C) would propose that speech perception is an ability shared by many species,not just humans. 
D) is inconsistent with evidence indicating that lyrics and tunes are processed separately in the brain.

Which of the statements about the mental lexicon and lexical access is true?

Nygaard and Queen (2008)found that the emotional prosody of word pronunciation

The design feature of language that allows us to communicate ideas that are remote in space and time is

The term "mental lexicon" refers

A person intended to say,"Do you want nuts on your sundae?" but instead said,"Do you want sundaes on your nut?" This is a slip of the tongue at the

The phomemic restoration effect is often cited as evidence for the role of ______ in

You are taking a test about language.Your ability to think about language in order to complete the test is an example of which design feature?

Vowel phonemes are the result of differences of position of the

"Bridget stayed up until 3:00 on Wednesday night watching news coverage of the election." You have never heard this sentence before.However,because of the language design feature of ________,you are able to understand the meaning of each of the words.

When children lie and deceive their parents to stay out of trouble,they are using which design feature of language?

Kempe,Shaeffler,and Thoresen (2010)investigated the relationship between emotional and linguistic prosodic inherent in child-directed speech (CDS)by having mothers and nonmothers interact with children.They found that

American Sign Language,unlike spoken language,is not characterized by which design feature?

Which of these is not one of the stages of speech production?

A ______ is the smallest unit of language that carries meaning.

Some African languages allow two consonants to appear together at the beginning of a word,as in "Nkomo";English does not allow this to occur unless the first consonant is an "s" as in skull.This example illustrates a difference in the ______ of the two languages.

The word "unhappiness" consists of how many bound and free morphemes?

The motor theory of speech perception

The /t/ sound in the word "tip" has different phonetic properties than the /t/ sound in "tap." This demonstrates _______.In spite of this phenomenon,we tend to hear these words as

The modular view of language

Cognition As the Study of Information Processing

Perception and Consciousness

Mechanisms of Attention

Immediate Memory

Concepts and Categories of Object Recognition

Basic Processes in Long-Term Memory

The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

Autobiographical Memory

Reading and Comprehending Text

Judgments and Decisions

Problem Solving

Filters

Exam 9: Basic Issues in Languageand Speech Processing

Which of the statements about the mental lexicon and lexical access is true?

Nygaard and Queen (2008)found that the emotional prosody of word pronunciation

The design feature of language that allows us to communicate ideas that are remote in space and time is

The term "mental lexicon" refers

A person intended to say,"Do you want nuts on your sundae?" but instead said,"Do you want sundaes on your nut?" This is a slip of the tongue at the

The phomemic restoration effect is often cited as evidence for the role of ______ in

You are taking a test about language.Your ability to think about language in order to complete the test is an example of which design feature?

Vowel phonemes are the result of differences of position of the

"Bridget stayed up until 3:00 on Wednesday night watching news coverage of the election." You have never heard this sentence before.However,because of the language design feature of ________,you are able to understand the meaning of each of the words.

When children lie and deceive their parents to stay out of trouble,they are using which design feature of language?

Kempe,Shaeffler,and Thoresen (2010)investigated the relationship between emotional and linguistic prosodic inherent in child-directed speech (CDS)by having mothers and nonmothers interact with children.They found that

American Sign Language,unlike spoken language,is not characterized by which design feature?

Which of these is not one of the stages of speech production?

A ______ is the smallest unit of language that carries meaning.

Some African languages allow two consonants to appear together at the beginning of a word,as in "Nkomo";English does not allow this to occur unless the first consonant is an "s" as in skull.This example illustrates a difference in the ______ of the two languages.

The word "unhappiness" consists of how many bound and free morphemes?

The motor theory of speech perception

The /t/ sound in the word "tip" has different phonetic properties than the /t/ sound in "tap." This demonstrates _______.In spite of this phenomenon,we tend to hear these words as

The modular view of language

Cognition As the Study of Information Processing

Perception and Consciousness

Mechanisms of Attention

Immediate Memory

Concepts and Categories of Object Recognition

Basic Processes in Long-Term Memory

The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

Autobiographical Memory

Reading and Comprehending Text

Judgments and Decisions

Problem Solving

Filters