Question 1

A Gram-negative bacteria will have a peptidoglycan layer that is sandwiched between two plasma membranes and will stain purple.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which description best describes the cell wall of a Gram-positive bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is composed of a single plasma membrane and a thin outer layer of peptidoglycan. 
B)  It is composed of a double layer in the plasma membrane and a thin outer layer of peptidoglycan. 
C)  It is composed of a double layer in the plasma membrane and a thick outer layer of peptidoglycan. 
D)  It is composed of a single plasma membrane and a thick outer layer of peptidoglycan. 
E)  It is composed of a single plasma membrane and a thin outer layer of cellulose. 
A)  It is composed of a single plasma membrane and a thin outer layer of peptidoglycan. 
B)  It is composed of a double layer in the plasma membrane and a thin outer layer of peptidoglycan. 
C)  It is composed of a double layer in the plasma membrane and a thick outer layer of peptidoglycan. 
D)  It is composed of a single plasma membrane and a thick outer layer of peptidoglycan. 
E)  It is composed of a single plasma membrane and a thin outer layer of cellulose.

Question 3

Which of the following is not part of the reproduction cycle of HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reverse transcription of the viral RNA 
B)  Reverse transcription of the viral DNA 
C)  Maturation of the viruses 
D)  Biosynthesis of the viral mRNA 
A)  Reverse transcription of the viral RNA 
B)  Reverse transcription of the viral DNA 
C)  Maturation of the viruses 
D)  Biosynthesis of the viral mRNA

Question 4

Pasteur chose the Latin root word for "virus" meaning

Accepted Answer

A)  extremely small. 
B)  non-living. 
C)  poison. 
D)  contagious. 
E)  particle. 
A)  extremely small. 
B)  non-living. 
C)  poison. 
D)  contagious. 
E)  particle.

Question 5

Eukarya are believed to have diverged from the bacterial line of descent. The Eukarya are, therefore, more closely related to the Bacteria than to the Archaea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

An enveloped virus enters a host cell by

Accepted Answer

A)  injecting its DNA or RNA into the host cell. 
B)  fusion of its envelope with the host cell's plasma envelope. 
C)  endocytosis. 
D)  Any of the choices are correct. 
E)  Attaching to the host cell's membrane and then injecting its DNA or RNA into the host cell. 
A)  injecting its DNA or RNA into the host cell. 
B)  fusion of its envelope with the host cell's plasma envelope. 
C)  endocytosis. 
D)  Any of the choices are correct. 
E)  Attaching to the host cell's membrane and then injecting its DNA or RNA into the host cell.

Question 7

An environmental change, such as exposure to ultraviolet light, may cause a lysogenic virus to enter a lytic cycle. --2013

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Explain which features of cyanobacteria enable them to survive in a variety of environments.

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary. Cyanobacteria can poss

Question 9

Many microbiologists prefer to describe viruses as being "activated" rather than "living." Consider again the discussion of "properties of life" and describe at least three distinct reasons why the term "activated" is more appropriate.

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary. The basic unit of life

Question 10

A lichen is a symbiotic relationship between cyanobacteria and fungi.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Similarities between the archaea and eukarya include

Accepted Answer

A)  same ribosomal proteins. 
B)  similar tRNA. 
C)  similar initiation of transcription. 
D)  All of the choices are correct similarities. 
E)  are closer related to each other than to the bacteria. 
A)  same ribosomal proteins. 
B)  similar tRNA. 
C)  similar initiation of transcription. 
D)  All of the choices are correct similarities. 
E)  are closer related to each other than to the bacteria.

Exam 20: Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

A Gram-negative bacteria will have a peptidoglycan layer that is sandwiched between two plasma membranes and will stain purple.

Which description best describes the cell wall of a Gram-positive bacteria?

Which of the following is not part of the reproduction cycle of HIV?

Pasteur chose the Latin root word for "virus" meaning

Eukarya are believed to have diverged from the bacterial line of descent. The Eukarya are, therefore, more closely related to the Bacteria than to the Archaea.

An enveloped virus enters a host cell by

An environmental change, such as exposure to ultraviolet light, may cause a lysogenic virus to enter a lytic cycle. --2013

Explain which features of cyanobacteria enable them to survive in a variety of environments.

Many microbiologists prefer to describe viruses as being "activated" rather than "living." Consider again the discussion of "properties of life" and describe at least three distinct reasons why the term "activated" is more appropriate.

A lichen is a symbiotic relationship between cyanobacteria and fungi.

Similarities between the archaea and eukarya include

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy, Systematics, and Phylogeny

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structureand Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

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Animal Development

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Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

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