Question 1

In _________, proteins on the surface of the sperm are not able to bind to proteins on the surface of the egg.

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal isolation 
B)  behavioral isolation 
C)  mechanical isolation 
D)  gametic isolation 
A)  temporal isolation 
B)  behavioral isolation 
C)  mechanical isolation 
D)  gametic isolation

Question 2

The biological species concept relies mainly on ___________ to define a species.

Accepted Answer

A)  reproductive isolation 
B)  morphological differences 
C)  the presence of analogous traits 
D)  comparative biochemical analysis 
A)  reproductive isolation 
B)  morphological differences 
C)  the presence of analogous traits 
D)  comparative biochemical analysis

Question 3

Scientists developed the ____________ model after their studies of the fossil record revealed that some species appear quite suddenly and then remain essentially unchanged phenotypically for a long period of time.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hardy-Weinberg 
B)  Urey-Miller 
C)  gradualistic 
D)  punctuated equilibrium 
A)  Hardy-Weinberg 
B)  Urey-Miller 
C)  gradualistic 
D)  punctuated equilibrium

Question 4

What type of speciation requires a geographic barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation 
B)  allopatric speciation 
C)  both sympatric and allopatric speciation require a geographic barrier 
D)  neither sympatric or allopatric speciation require a geographic barrier 
A)  sympatric speciation 
B)  allopatric speciation 
C)  both sympatric and allopatric speciation require a geographic barrier 
D)  neither sympatric or allopatric speciation require a geographic barrier

Question 5

Which of the following scenarios would most likely lead to adaptive radiation in a species?

Accepted Answer

A)  An isolated patch of rainforest in the country of Belize is cut down. This changes the abiotic conditions that the birds living in this habitat will be facing if they are to survive. 
B)  A mutation occurred in a population of howler monkeys that increases their fitness. 
C)  Females start mating more frequently with the males in the group that sing differently than the rest of the group. 
D)  Adaptive radiation doesn't occur in populations since species are fixed. 
A)  An isolated patch of rainforest in the country of Belize is cut down. This changes the abiotic conditions that the birds living in this habitat will be facing if they are to survive. 
B)  A mutation occurred in a population of howler monkeys that increases their fitness. 
C)  Females start mating more frequently with the males in the group that sing differently than the rest of the group. 
D)  Adaptive radiation doesn't occur in populations since species are fixed.

Question 6

The evolutionary species concept assumes that the members of a species are reproductively isolated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Adaptive radiation occurs when organisms

Accepted Answer

A)  exploit a variety of new environments. 
B)  remain in the same, stable environment. 
C)  undergo autoploidy and alloploidy. 
D)  occupy the same habitat as their ancestral species. 
A)  exploit a variety of new environments. 
B)  remain in the same, stable environment. 
C)  undergo autoploidy and alloploidy. 
D)  occupy the same habitat as their ancestral species.

Question 8

In speciation which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric speciation-geographic isolation 
B)  sympatric speciation-geographic isolation 
C)  adaptive radiation-chance for new species to adapt to new habitats 
D)  post-zygotic isolation-hybrid offspring sterility 
A)  allopatric speciation-geographic isolation 
B)  sympatric speciation-geographic isolation 
C)  adaptive radiation-chance for new species to adapt to new habitats 
D)  post-zygotic isolation-hybrid offspring sterility

Question 9

Macroevolution is opportunistic, not goal oriented. Explain what this means.

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary. Macroevolution is not

Question 10

An insect population lives along the edge of a north-south mountain range. The populations from the east and west slope eventually join in a low northern pass and interbreed, producing fertile offspring, but they do not circle around the southern edge because of a desert barrier. When glaciers move southward, the populations are pushed south of the northern pass and are isolated. While isolated, the two populations develop enough differences over time that when the glaciers retreat north and the insects again share the same pass, they no longer mate at the same time, nor can they produce fertile offspring. These insects

Accepted Answer

A)  began as one species and therefore remain one species. 
B)  were originally two species and remain two species. 
C)  were originally two species but are now one species. 
D)  were originally one species but are now two species. 
E)  The number of species cannot be determined from the information given. 
A)  began as one species and therefore remain one species. 
B)  were originally two species and remain two species. 
C)  were originally two species but are now one species. 
D)  were originally one species but are now two species. 
E)  The number of species cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 11

The morphological species concept involves the identification of certain structural traits, called _______, to distinguish one species from another.

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous traits 
B)  homologous traits 
C)  diagnostic traits 
D)  convergent traits 
A)  analogous traits 
B)  homologous traits 
C)  diagnostic traits 
D)  convergent traits

Question 12

Reproductive isolation is more likely to occur when

Accepted Answer

A)  hybrids are more fit than members of the parent species. 
B)  hybrids are less fit than members of the parent species. 
C)  there are no differences between the fitness of the parent species and hybrids. 
D)  None of the answer choices are true. 
A)  hybrids are more fit than members of the parent species. 
B)  hybrids are less fit than members of the parent species. 
C)  there are no differences between the fitness of the parent species and hybrids. 
D)  None of the answer choices are true.

Question 13

Male birds often perform a special dance or set of physical displays to attract females. This would be an example of a behavioral isolation mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) and roof rats (Rattus rattus) are different species. Occasionally, mating occurs if the two species are kept together in captivity. The resulting pregnancies are not successful and the embryos die. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanical isolation. 
B)  hybrid sterility. 
C)  zygote mortality. 
D)  lack of F2 fitness. 
A)  mechanical isolation. 
B)  hybrid sterility. 
C)  zygote mortality. 
D)  lack of F2 fitness.

Question 15

The history of life on Earth can be studied by looking at ___________ instead of _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  macroevolution, microevolution 
B)  microevolution, macroevolution 
C)  sexual selection, macroevolution 
D)  gene flow, microevolution 
A)  macroevolution, microevolution 
B)  microevolution, macroevolution 
C)  sexual selection, macroevolution 
D)  gene flow, microevolution

Question 16

When a diploid plant produces diploid gametes due to nondisjunction during meiosis, what occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autoploidy is occurring. 
B)  An increase in the number of chromosomes above the parent species occurs. 
C)  A triploid or tetraploid plant may occur. 
D)  All of the answer choices are true. 
A)  Autoploidy is occurring. 
B)  An increase in the number of chromosomes above the parent species occurs. 
C)  A triploid or tetraploid plant may occur. 
D)  All of the answer choices are true.

Question 17

The Greek root words meaning "together" and "fatherland" are the basis for the term

Accepted Answer

A)  prezygotic. 
B)  adaptive radiation. 
C)  speciation. 
D)  allopatric. 
E)  sympatric. 
A)  prezygotic. 
B)  adaptive radiation. 
C)  speciation. 
D)  allopatric. 
E)  sympatric.

Exam 17: Speciation and Macroevolution

In _________, proteins on the surface of the sperm are not able to bind to proteins on the surface of the egg.

The biological species concept relies mainly on ___________ to define a species.

Scientists developed the ____________ model after their studies of the fossil record revealed that some species appear quite suddenly and then remain essentially unchanged phenotypically for a long period of time.

What type of speciation requires a geographic barrier?

Which of the following scenarios would most likely lead to adaptive radiation in a species?

The evolutionary species concept assumes that the members of a species are reproductively isolated.

Adaptive radiation occurs when organisms

In speciation which of the following is mismatched?

Macroevolution is opportunistic, not goal oriented. Explain what this means.

The morphological species concept involves the identification of certain structural traits, called _______, to distinguish one species from another.

Reproductive isolation is more likely to occur when

Male birds often perform a special dance or set of physical displays to attract females. This would be an example of a behavioral isolation mechanism.

Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) and roof rats (Rattus rattus) are different species. Occasionally, mating occurs if the two species are kept together in captivity. The resulting pregnancies are not successful and the embryos die. This is an example of

The history of life on Earth can be studied by looking at ___________ instead of _________.

When a diploid plant produces diploid gametes due to nondisjunction during meiosis, what occurs?

The Greek root words meaning "together" and "fatherland" are the basis for the term

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy, Systematics, and Phylogeny

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structureand Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

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The history of life on Earth can be studied by looking at ___ instead of _.