Question 1

Overuse of antibiotics has created drug resistant "superbugs." Is this statement accurate? Explain how drug resistant strains of bacteria occur.

Accepted Answer

Superbugs are not actually created by th

Question 2

When he arrived at the Galápagos Islands, Darwin did not observe the amazing tool-using "woodpecker finch" that can modify twigs to pry out grubs. Because there are no true woodpeckers on the Galápagos Islands, this behavior allows this finch to exploit an untapped food source. However, not all members of this species exhibit this behavior, which is probably learned from watching other finches. Therefore,

Accepted Answer

A)  young isolated at hatching will not know how to do this. 
B)  it is probably not "hardwired" in the brain as a behavior passed on genetically. 
C)  there must be a great advantage to reaching this food source for this learned behavior to be repeated by most descendants of each generation. 
D)  as an acquired characteristic, in a strict sense this is not part of the adaptive radiation of finches on the Galápagos. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  young isolated at hatching will not know how to do this. 
B)  it is probably not "hardwired" in the brain as a behavior passed on genetically. 
C)  there must be a great advantage to reaching this food source for this learned behavior to be repeated by most descendants of each generation. 
D)  as an acquired characteristic, in a strict sense this is not part of the adaptive radiation of finches on the Galápagos. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT involved in natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is always competition for resources. 
B)  Organisms differ in reproductive success. 
C)  There are inheritable variations in populations. 
D)  The desired traits are chosen by a breeder. 
A)  There is always competition for resources. 
B)  Organisms differ in reproductive success. 
C)  There are inheritable variations in populations. 
D)  The desired traits are chosen by a breeder.

Question 4

The distribution of species can help provide information about all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  past geological events. 
B)  the movement of continents. 
C)  formation of volcanic islands. 
D)  ecological change. 
E)  the time period in which a species was present on Earth. 
A)  past geological events. 
B)  the movement of continents. 
C)  formation of volcanic islands. 
D)  ecological change. 
E)  the time period in which a species was present on Earth.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of evolution that can be observed and studied?

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial resistance to antibiotics 
B)  resistance of weeds to select herbicides 
C)  resistance of HIV to drug treatment 
D)  All are examples of evolution that can be observed and studied. 
A)  bacterial resistance to antibiotics 
B)  resistance of weeds to select herbicides 
C)  resistance of HIV to drug treatment 
D)  All are examples of evolution that can be observed and studied.

Question 6

Alfred Wallace came to his conclusions about natural selection by studying in the Malay Archipelago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Hutton's theory of geological change included all EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  catastrophic extinction of species. 
B)  slow cycles of erosion and uplift. 
C)  production of layers of sediment through slow deposition. 
D)  extreme geological change occurring over a long period of time. 
A)  catastrophic extinction of species. 
B)  slow cycles of erosion and uplift. 
C)  production of layers of sediment through slow deposition. 
D)  extreme geological change occurring over a long period of time.

Question 8

An idea that could be traced back to Plato is that

Accepted Answer

A)  hybrids showed that species could be changed with time. 
B)  variation is due to imperfections in copies of some perfect ideal form. 
C)  artificial selection of animals by humans proves that evolution can occur. 
D)  acquired characteristics could be passed from parents to offspring. 
E)  worldwide catastrophes caused extinction, followed by creation of new species. 
A)  hybrids showed that species could be changed with time. 
B)  variation is due to imperfections in copies of some perfect ideal form. 
C)  artificial selection of animals by humans proves that evolution can occur. 
D)  acquired characteristics could be passed from parents to offspring. 
E)  worldwide catastrophes caused extinction, followed by creation of new species.

Question 9

What viewpoint was proposed by Aristotle about living organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  all species are equal in complexity 
B)  life originated from inorganic substances 
C)  living organisms form a sequential ladder of life, with humans at the top 
D)  the simpliest organisms are placed on the top of the ladder of living organisms 
A)  all species are equal in complexity 
B)  life originated from inorganic substances 
C)  living organisms form a sequential ladder of life, with humans at the top 
D)  the simpliest organisms are placed on the top of the ladder of living organisms

Question 10

Erasmus Darwin, Charles Darwin's grandfather, suggested the possibility of evolutionary descent in his writings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Birds and insects both have wings, but we do not consider this similarity as evidence of relatedness because

Accepted Answer

A)  bird wings function on different physics principles of lift. 
B)  insect wings are vestigial. 
C)  the wings are not homologous structures with a common ancestral origin. 
D)  they did not evolve in the same region or live at the same time period. 
E)  there is no fossil link between these groups. 
A)  bird wings function on different physics principles of lift. 
B)  insect wings are vestigial. 
C)  the wings are not homologous structures with a common ancestral origin. 
D)  they did not evolve in the same region or live at the same time period. 
E)  there is no fossil link between these groups.

Question 12

The organisms on the Galápagos Islands that were most important to the development of Darwin's theory of natural selection were

Accepted Answer

A)  rabbits and hares. 
B)  plants and fungi. 
C)  tortoises and finches. 
D)  snails and fish. 
E)  monkeys and armadillos. 
A)  rabbits and hares. 
B)  plants and fungi. 
C)  tortoises and finches. 
D)  snails and fish. 
E)  monkeys and armadillos.

Question 13

Homologous structures such as the bones in wings, flippers, and arms would be studied in the field of

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative anatomy. 
B)  biogeography. 
C)  the fossil record. 
D)  comparative embryology. 
E)  comparative biochemistry. 
A)  comparative anatomy. 
B)  biogeography. 
C)  the fossil record. 
D)  comparative embryology. 
E)  comparative biochemistry.

Question 14

The post Darwinian view of the world included

Accepted Answer

A)  the age of the Earth is billions of years old. 
B)  species are related by descent. 
C)  an interaction of random variations and environmental conditions produced environmental adaptation. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
E)  only two of the answers are correct. 
A)  the age of the Earth is billions of years old. 
B)  species are related by descent. 
C)  an interaction of random variations and environmental conditions produced environmental adaptation. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
E)  only two of the answers are correct.

Question 15

The chart depicts the number of amino acid differences in cytochrome C between several different organisms and humans. What conclusions can you draw from this chart?

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary. Assumption I can make

Question 16

A population must have ______ for natural selection to occur.

Accepted Answer

A)  a stable environment 
B)  abundant resources 
C)  many individuals 
D)  inheritable variation 
A)  a stable environment 
B)  abundant resources 
C)  many individuals 
D)  inheritable variation

Question 17

All of the following are examples of natural selection EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  the distribution of dark and light colored peppered moths in Britain. 
B)  a rise in bacterial resistance to antibiotics. 
C)  the reduction in beak length of scarlet honeycreepers when they changed food sources. 
D)  the 150 breeds of dogs developed from ancestral wolves. 
E)  two of these are not examples of natural selection. 
A)  the distribution of dark and light colored peppered moths in Britain. 
B)  a rise in bacterial resistance to antibiotics. 
C)  the reduction in beak length of scarlet honeycreepers when they changed food sources. 
D)  the 150 breeds of dogs developed from ancestral wolves. 
E)  two of these are not examples of natural selection.

Question 18

Darwin's opinion that living forms must be descended from extinct forms was based on ________ evidence.

Accepted Answer

A)  anatomical 
B)  biochemical 
C)  fossil 
D)  biogeographical 
A)  anatomical 
B)  biochemical 
C)  fossil 
D)  biogeographical

Question 19

Which of the following features were present in the transitional species between amphibian tetrapods and the fishes?

Accepted Answer

A)  fins, rounded head with eyes on the side and a neck 
B)  lungs, fins and scales 
C)  a flat head with eyes on the top, fins and scales 
D)  fins, simple wrist bones and expanded ribs 
A)  fins, rounded head with eyes on the side and a neck 
B)  lungs, fins and scales 
C)  a flat head with eyes on the top, fins and scales 
D)  fins, simple wrist bones and expanded ribs

Question 20

HIV and cancer cells are becoming more drug resistant over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 15: Darwin and Evolution

Overuse of antibiotics has created drug resistant "superbugs." Is this statement accurate? Explain how drug resistant strains of bacteria occur.

Which of the following is NOT involved in natural selection?

The distribution of species can help provide information about all of the following except

Which of the following is an example of evolution that can be observed and studied?

Alfred Wallace came to his conclusions about natural selection by studying in the Malay Archipelago.

Hutton's theory of geological change included all EXCEPT

An idea that could be traced back to Plato is that

What viewpoint was proposed by Aristotle about living organisms?

Erasmus Darwin, Charles Darwin's grandfather, suggested the possibility of evolutionary descent in his writings.

Birds and insects both have wings, but we do not consider this similarity as evidence of relatedness because

The organisms on the Galápagos Islands that were most important to the development of Darwin's theory of natural selection were

Homologous structures such as the bones in wings, flippers, and arms would be studied in the field of

The post Darwinian view of the world included

The chart depicts the number of amino acid differences in cytochrome C between several different organisms and humans. What conclusions can you draw from this chart?

A population must have ______ for natural selection to occur.

All of the following are examples of natural selection EXCEPT

Darwin's opinion that living forms must be descended from extinct forms was based on ________ evidence.

Which of the following features were present in the transitional species between amphibian tetrapods and the fishes?

HIV and cancer cells are becoming more drug resistant over time.

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy, Systematics, and Phylogeny

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structureand Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

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