Question 1

The manner in which a scientist intends to conduct an experiment is called

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive reasoning. 
B)  the experimental design. 
C)  data collection and analysis. 
D)  the conclusion. 
A)  inductive reasoning. 
B)  the experimental design. 
C)  data collection and analysis. 
D)  the conclusion.

Question 2

The control group in an experiment receives all the same treatments as the experimental group(s), except for the one variable being tested.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

You are interested in the effect of increased carbon dioxide versus normal air, and also in the effect of green light versus full sunlight on the growth of corn plants in a greenhouse. Although you can set up your experiment inside a greenhouse, it is possible that there will be plant growth effects due to effects that you do not know and may never know. Which of the following are important to ensure control of unknown variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in carbon dioxide does not result in a substantial decrease of other necessary gases. 
B)  All seedlings are from one uniform strain. 
C)  The intensity or brightness of the green light equals the intensity of the full sunlight. 
D)  All temperatures and available water remain the same. 
E)  All of the choices are important. 
A)  An increase in carbon dioxide does not result in a substantial decrease of other necessary gases. 
B)  All seedlings are from one uniform strain. 
C)  The intensity or brightness of the green light equals the intensity of the full sunlight. 
D)  All temperatures and available water remain the same. 
E)  All of the choices are important.

Question 4

Some members of Daphnia, a water flea, have a genetic mutation that causes them to prefer warmer environments. These members reproduce and pass these genetic changes to their offspring. The next generation will occupy warmer environments not previously occupied by this species. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptation. 
B)  homeostasis. 
C)  irritability. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  adaptation. 
B)  homeostasis. 
C)  irritability. 
D)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

One classic definition of life is "a self-replicating molecular assemblage." However, clay particles (in clay soil) contain layered aluminum and iron compounds that determine the pattern of the adjacent layers of sediment. This is technically a self-replicating molecular assemblage.

Accepted Answer

A)  Therefore, it is living. 
B)  It is not living because it cannot think. 
C)  It is not living because there were no molecular changes (or chemistry) involved. 
D)  It is not living because there is no carbon involved; otherwise, such duplication would be living. 
E)  It is not living because it is a simple repetitive process without the ability to evolve or respond to the environment. 
A)  Therefore, it is living. 
B)  It is not living because it cannot think. 
C)  It is not living because there were no molecular changes (or chemistry) involved. 
D)  It is not living because there is no carbon involved; otherwise, such duplication would be living. 
E)  It is not living because it is a simple repetitive process without the ability to evolve or respond to the environment.

Question 6

Choose the correct order of classification from most inclusive to exclusive.

Accepted Answer

A)  Domain-Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order-Family-Genus-Species 
B)  Kingdom-Domain-Class-Phylum-Order-Family-Genus-Species 
C)  Kingdom-Domain-Class-Phylum-Order-Genus-Species-Family 
D)  Kingdom-Class-Phylum-Domain-Genus-Order-Family-Species 
A)  Domain-Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order-Family-Genus-Species 
B)  Kingdom-Domain-Class-Phylum-Order-Family-Genus-Species 
C)  Kingdom-Domain-Class-Phylum-Order-Genus-Species-Family 
D)  Kingdom-Class-Phylum-Domain-Genus-Order-Family-Species

Question 7

Which of the following terms best describes a conceptual scheme in science that is strongly supported, has not yet been found incorrect, and is based on the results of many observations?

Accepted Answer

A)  a scientific model 
B)  an experiment 
C)  descriptive research 
D)  a scientific theory or principle 
E)  experimental results 
A)  a scientific model 
B)  an experiment 
C)  descriptive research 
D)  a scientific theory or principle 
E)  experimental results

Question 8

Some biologists study the complex interactions of animals and plants in forests or prairies. Such ecology field research often produces slightly different results for different researchers. In contrast, ecology experiments that are run indoors with one organism in a terrarium usually produce results that are repeatable. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The scientific method is only useful in laboratory settings. 
B)  It is not possible to establish a control group outside of a laboratory. 
C)  It is easier to hold all but one variable constant in a laboratory. 
D)  Field research is only descriptive, and descriptive research is not strictly "science." 
E)  Fieldwork is inductive; lab work is deductive. 
A)  The scientific method is only useful in laboratory settings. 
B)  It is not possible to establish a control group outside of a laboratory. 
C)  It is easier to hold all but one variable constant in a laboratory. 
D)  Field research is only descriptive, and descriptive research is not strictly "science." 
E)  Fieldwork is inductive; lab work is deductive.

Question 9

What is the best description of technology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Technology is the application of scientific knowledge to the interests of humans. 
B)  Technology is the development of new tools. 
C)  Technology is the use of power to make human life easier. 
D)  Technology is the advancement of the functionality of computers. 
A)  Technology is the application of scientific knowledge to the interests of humans. 
B)  Technology is the development of new tools. 
C)  Technology is the use of power to make human life easier. 
D)  Technology is the advancement of the functionality of computers.

Question 10

Dr. James isolated Staphylococcus aureus, a type of bacteria, from the leg wound of a ten-year-old boy. He suspected these bacteria would grow better at body temperature than room temperature (72 $\degree$F), but thought that he should collect data to support his thinking. Dr. James introduced the same number of Staphylococcus bacteria into each of six test tubes containing the same type and amount of nutrient broth. Three test tubes were incubated at 98.6 $\degree$F (Group 1), while three test tubes (Group 2) sat at 72 $\degree$F. After 24 hours, Dr. James compared the turbidity (indicative of growth) of all six tubes and rated each on a scale of 0 - 4. 0 indicates no turbidity (no growth), while 4 indicates high turbidity (high growth). The following data was collected:  
-After reading the scenario, write the hypothesis that was being tested in Dr. James' experiment.

Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis is:
Ho: There is no

Question 11

Arrange in order, the levels of ecological study from most inclusive to most exclusive:

Accepted Answer

A)  biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, individual organism 
B)  ecosystem, biosphere, population, community, individual organism 
C)  individual organism, community, population, ecosystem, biosphere 
D)  individual organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere 
A)  biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, individual organism 
B)  ecosystem, biosphere, population, community, individual organism 
C)  individual organism, community, population, ecosystem, biosphere 
D)  individual organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

Question 12

Which of the following concepts is NOT one of the unifying theories of biology?

Accepted Answer

A)  All organisms are composed of cells. 
B)  Life may arise through spontaneous generation. 
C)  Life comes only from life. 
D)  The internal environment of an organism stays relatively constant. 
E)  All living things have a common ancestor and are adapted to a particular way of life. 
A)  All organisms are composed of cells. 
B)  Life may arise through spontaneous generation. 
C)  Life comes only from life. 
D)  The internal environment of an organism stays relatively constant. 
E)  All living things have a common ancestor and are adapted to a particular way of life.

Question 13

To ensure a controlled experiment all of the following conditions (variables) should be identical in Group 1 and Group 2:

Accepted Answer

A)  type of bacteria, temperature, and incubation period 
B)  temperature and amount of initial inoculum (bacteria used) 
C)  type of bacteria, incubation period, amount of bacteria used 
D)  degree of turbidity, incubation period, and amount of bacteria 
A)  type of bacteria, temperature, and incubation period 
B)  temperature and amount of initial inoculum (bacteria used) 
C)  type of bacteria, incubation period, amount of bacteria used 
D)  degree of turbidity, incubation period, and amount of bacteria

Question 14

Which definition best describes a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  the members of a species in a given area 
B)  the interaction between the organisms and their environment 
C)  the region of Earth that contains living organisms 
D)  the interaction between various groups of organisms in a given environment 
E)  all of the females of a given species in a particular area 
A)  the members of a species in a given area 
B)  the interaction between the organisms and their environment 
C)  the region of Earth that contains living organisms 
D)  the interaction between various groups of organisms in a given environment 
E)  all of the females of a given species in a particular area

Question 15

Which of the following organisms is NOT ultimately dependent on the sun as a source of energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  A night-blooming flower is pollinated by night-flying bats. 
B)  An underground earthworm avoids the sun. 
C)  A cave fish feeds on debris that washes down to it. 
D)  All of the choices ARE ultimately dependent on the sun. 
E)  All of the choices are NOT ultimately dependent on the sun. 
A)  A night-blooming flower is pollinated by night-flying bats. 
B)  An underground earthworm avoids the sun. 
C)  A cave fish feeds on debris that washes down to it. 
D)  All of the choices ARE ultimately dependent on the sun. 
E)  All of the choices are NOT ultimately dependent on the sun.

Question 16

Both living and nonliving entities are composed of chemical elements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

For five years, you wake up before the alarm is set to ring each morning. This leads you to conclude that people have a built-in "alarm clock" capable of waking them up. From a science viewpoint, this conclusion

Accepted Answer

A)  is science because it is based on real observations. 
B)  is science because it is predictive of what will happen tomorrow morning. 
C)  is scientifically valid because 5 years x 365 days is a large number of trials. 
D)  may not be valid because it generalizes about all people, and there may have been other variables that could awaken you without a built-in clock. 
E)  cannot be scientifically treated because it involves human behavior. 
A)  is science because it is based on real observations. 
B)  is science because it is predictive of what will happen tomorrow morning. 
C)  is scientifically valid because 5 years x 365 days is a large number of trials. 
D)  may not be valid because it generalizes about all people, and there may have been other variables that could awaken you without a built-in clock. 
E)  cannot be scientifically treated because it involves human behavior.

Question 18

The independent (experimental) variable is

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature. 
B)  growth of bacteria. 
C)  incubation period. 
D)  amount of initial inoculum. 
A)  temperature. 
B)  growth of bacteria. 
C)  incubation period. 
D)  amount of initial inoculum.

Question 19

A hypothesis is tested by

Accepted Answer

A)  a prediction. 
B)  experimentation. 
C)  analysis of results. 
D)  formulation of a theory. 
A)  a prediction. 
B)  experimentation. 
C)  analysis of results. 
D)  formulation of a theory.

Question 20

Living organisms are characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  adapting to the environment. 
B)  evolving over time. 
C)  displaying homeostatic controls. 
D)  all of the choices pertain to living organisms. 
A)  adapting to the environment. 
B)  evolving over time. 
C)  displaying homeostatic controls. 
D)  all of the choices pertain to living organisms.

Exam 1: A View of Life

The manner in which a scientist intends to conduct an experiment is called

The control group in an experiment receives all the same treatments as the experimental group(s), except for the one variable being tested.

One classic definition of life is "a self-replicating molecular assemblage." However, clay particles (in clay soil) contain layered aluminum and iron compounds that determine the pattern of the adjacent layers of sediment. This is technically a self-replicating molecular assemblage.

Choose the correct order of classification from most inclusive to exclusive.

Which of the following terms best describes a conceptual scheme in science that is strongly supported, has not yet been found incorrect, and is based on the results of many observations?

What is the best description of technology?

Arrange in order, the levels of ecological study from most inclusive to most exclusive:

Which of the following concepts is NOT one of the unifying theories of biology?

To ensure a controlled experiment all of the following conditions (variables) should be identical in Group 1 and Group 2:

Which definition best describes a population?

Which of the following organisms is NOT ultimately dependent on the sun as a source of energy?

Both living and nonliving entities are composed of chemical elements.

For five years, you wake up before the alarm is set to ring each morning. This leads you to conclude that people have a built-in "alarm clock" capable of waking them up. From a science viewpoint, this conclusion

The independent (experimental) variable is

A hypothesis is tested by

Living organisms are characterized by

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy, Systematics, and Phylogeny

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structureand Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

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