Question 1

Which of the following solutions would have the highest osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.2 M KBr,potassium bromide 
B) 0.2 M MgBr2,magnesium bromide 
C) 0.3 M CH3COOH,acetic acid 
D) 0.3 M C6H12O6,glucose 
E) 0.3 M C12H22O11,sucrose 
A) 0.2 M KBr,potassium bromide 
B) 0.2 M MgBr2,magnesium bromide 
C) 0.3 M CH3COOH,acetic acid 
D) 0.3 M C6H12O6,glucose 
E) 0.3 M C12H22O11,sucrose

Question 2

A solution containing 292 g of Mg(NO3)2 per liter has a density of 1.108 g/mL.The molality of the solution is:

Accepted Answer

A) 2.00 m 
B) 2.41 m 
C) 1.77 m 
D) 6.39 m 
E) none of these 
A) 2.00 m 
B) 2.41 m 
C) 1.77 m 
D) 6.39 m 
E) none of these

Question 3

Calculate the molarity of a solution containing KCl and water whose osmotic pressure at 21.6°C is 125 torr.Assume complete dissociation of the salt.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.00680 M 
B) 5.17 M 
C) 0.0464 M 
D) 0.00340 M 
E) 0.0928 M 
A) 0.00680 M 
B) 5.17 M 
C) 0.0464 M 
D) 0.00340 M 
E) 0.0928 M

Question 4

Consider a solution containing liquids A and B where the mole fraction of B is 0.60.Assuming ideality,calculate the mole fraction of A in the vapor at equilibrium with this solution at 25°C.(The vapor pressures of pure liquid A and B at 25°C are 117.7 torr and 400.0 torr,respectively. )

Accepted Answer

A) 0.16 
B) 196 
C) 0.31 
D) 3.40 $\times$ 10-3 
E) 4.90 $\times$ 10-3 
A) 0.16 
B) 196 
C) 0.31 
D) 3.40 $\times$ 10-3 
E) 4.90 $\times$ 10-3

Question 5

A chemist is given a white solid that is suspected of being pure cocaine.When 1.22 g of the solid is dissolved in 15.60 g of benzene,the freezing point is lowered by 1.32°C.Calculate the molar mass of the solid.The molal freezing point constant (Kf)for benzene is 5.12°C/m.

Accepted Answer

303 g/mol
1.32°C = 5.12°C/m *

Question 6

Which of the following solutions has the lowest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.15 M NaCl 
B) 0.10 M MgBr2 
C) 0.15 M Ba(NO3)2 
D) 0.20 M C2H6O2 
E) 0.10 M Fe(NO3)3 
A) 0.15 M NaCl 
B) 0.10 M MgBr2 
C) 0.15 M Ba(NO3)2 
D) 0.20 M C2H6O2 
E) 0.10 M Fe(NO3)3

Question 7

The solubility of O2 in water is 0.590 g/L at an oxygen pressure of around 14.5 atm.What is the Henry's law constant for O2 (in units of mol/L·atm)?

Accepted Answer

A) 4.07 $\times$ 10-2 
B) 1.27 $\times$ 10-3 
C) 7.86 $\times$ 102 
D) 2.67 $\times$ 10-1 
E) None of the above are within 5% of the correct answer. 
A) 4.07 $\times$ 10-2 
B) 1.27 $\times$ 10-3 
C) 7.86 $\times$ 102 
D) 2.67 $\times$ 10-1 
E) None of the above are within 5% of the correct answer.

Question 8

How many of the following help determine whether or not a solution forms?
I.the polarities of the solute and solvent
II.the densities of the solute and solvent
III.the probability of the mixed state (of the solution)
IV.the energies needed for the solution formation to occur
V.the state of matter of the solute (solid,liquid,gas)

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5

Question 9

How many milliliters of 15.7 M H2SO4 are needed to prepare 600.0 mL of 0.10 M H2SO4?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.26 mL 
B) 94 mL 
C) 3.8 mL 
D) 1.9 mL 
E) 4.8 mL 
A) 0.26 mL 
B) 94 mL 
C) 3.8 mL 
D) 1.9 mL 
E) 4.8 mL

Question 10

Consider a solution containing liquids A and B where the mole fraction of B is 0.60.Assuming ideality,calculate the mole fraction of B in the vapor at equilibrium with this solution at 25°C.(The vapor pressures of pure liquid A and B at 25°C are 129.4 torr and 400.0 torr,respectively. )

Accepted Answer

A) 0.18 
B) 0.22 
C) 0.33 
D) 0.78 
E) 0.82 
A) 0.18 
B) 0.22 
C) 0.33 
D) 0.78 
E) 0.82

Question 11

A solution contains 1 mole of liquid A and 3 moles of liquid B.This solution has a vapor pressure of 314 torr at 25°C.At 25°C,liquid A has a vapor pressure of 265 torr and liquid B has a vapor pressure of 355 torr.Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) This solution exhibits a positive deviation from Raoult's Law. 
B) This solution exhibits a negative deviation from Raoult's Law. 
C) This solution is ideal. 
D) More information is needed to answer this question. 
E) None of these (A-
D) . 
A) This solution exhibits a positive deviation from Raoult's Law. 
B) This solution exhibits a negative deviation from Raoult's Law. 
C) This solution is ideal. 
D) More information is needed to answer this question. 
E) None of these (A-
D) .

Question 12

Shaving cream is an example of which colloid type?

Accepted Answer

A) aerosol 
B) foam 
C) emulsion 
D) sol 
E) coagulate 
A) aerosol 
B) foam 
C) emulsion 
D) sol 
E) coagulate

Question 13

A solution of water and a nonvolatile,nonionizing compound is placed in a tube with a semipermeable membrane on one side.The tube is placed in a beaker of pure water.What initial net effect will occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Water will flow from the beaker to the tube. 
B) Water will flow from the tube to the beaker. 
C) The compound will pass through the membrane into the solution. 
D) Nothing will move through the membrane either way. 
E) Equilibrium is immediately established. 
A) Water will flow from the beaker to the tube. 
B) Water will flow from the tube to the beaker. 
C) The compound will pass through the membrane into the solution. 
D) Nothing will move through the membrane either way. 
E) Equilibrium is immediately established.

Question 14

When a nonvolatile solute is added to a volatile solvent,the solution vapor pressure __________,the boiling point __________,the freezing point __________,and the osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane __________.

Accepted Answer

A) decreases,increases,decreases,decreases 
B) increases,increases,decreases,increases 
C) increases,decreases,increases,decreases 
D) decreases,decreases,increases,decreases 
E) decreases,increases,decreases,increases 
A) decreases,increases,decreases,decreases 
B) increases,increases,decreases,increases 
C) increases,decreases,increases,decreases 
D) decreases,decreases,increases,decreases 
E) decreases,increases,decreases,increases

Question 15

A solution of two liquids,A and B,shows negative deviation from Raoult's law.This means that:

Accepted Answer

A) The molecules of A interact strongly with other A-type molecules. 
B) The two liquids have a positive heat of solution. 
C) Molecules of A interact weakly,if at all,with B molecules. 
D) The molecules of A hinder the strong interaction between B molecules. 
E) Molecules of A interact more strongly with B than A with A,or B with B. 
A) The molecules of A interact strongly with other A-type molecules. 
B) The two liquids have a positive heat of solution. 
C) Molecules of A interact weakly,if at all,with B molecules. 
D) The molecules of A hinder the strong interaction between B molecules. 
E) Molecules of A interact more strongly with B than A with A,or B with B.

Question 16

A 6.06-gram sample of a compound is dissolved in 250.grams of benzene.The freezing point of this solution is 1.02°C below that of pure benzene.What is the molar mass of this compound? (Note: Kf for benzene = 5.12°C/m. )Ignore significant figures for this problem.

Accepted Answer

A) 30.4 g/mol 
B) 122 g/mol 
C) 243 g/mol 
D) 4.83 g/mol 
E) 60.8 g/mol 
A) 30.4 g/mol 
B) 122 g/mol 
C) 243 g/mol 
D) 4.83 g/mol 
E) 60.8 g/mol

Question 17

Calculate the molarity of a solution of magnesium chloride with a concentration of 26.8 mg/mL.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.563 M 
B) 0.281 M 
C) 0.141 M 
D) 3.55 M 
E) 0.448 M 
A) 0.563 M 
B) 0.281 M 
C) 0.141 M 
D) 3.55 M 
E) 0.448 M

Question 18

Calculate both the boiling point and the freezing point if 46.0 g of glycerol,C3H5(OH)3,is dissolved in 500.0 g of H2O.

Accepted Answer

freezing point = -1.86°C boiling point =

Question 19

What is the freezing point of an aqueous 1.58 molal NaCl solution? (Kf = 1.86°C/m)

Accepted Answer

A) -2.94°C 
B) 2.94°C 
C) -5.88°C 
D) 5.88°C 
E) 0.00°C 
A) -2.94°C 
B) 2.94°C 
C) -5.88°C 
D) 5.88°C 
E) 0.00°C

Question 20

In a 0.1 molar solution of NaCl in water,which one of the following will be closest to 0.1?

Accepted Answer

A) The mole fraction of NaCl. 
B) The mass fraction of NaCl. 
C) The mass percent of NaCl. 
D) The molality of NaCl. 
E) All of these are about 0.1. 
A) The mole fraction of NaCl. 
B) The mass fraction of NaCl. 
C) The mass percent of NaCl. 
D) The molality of NaCl. 
E) All of these are about 0.1.

Exam 11: Properties of Solutions

Which of the following solutions would have the highest osmotic pressure?

A solution containing 292 g of Mg(NO3)2 per liter has a density of 1.108 g/mL.The molality of the solution is:

Calculate the molarity of a solution containing KCl and water whose osmotic pressure at 21.6°C is 125 torr.Assume complete dissociation of the salt.

Consider a solution containing liquids A and B where the mole fraction of B is 0.60.Assuming ideality,calculate the mole fraction of A in the vapor at equilibrium with this solution at 25°C.(The vapor pressures of pure liquid A and B at 25°C are 117.7 torr and 400.0 torr,respectively. )

A chemist is given a white solid that is suspected of being pure cocaine.When 1.22 g of the solid is dissolved in 15.60 g of benzene,the freezing point is lowered by 1.32°C.Calculate the molar mass of the solid.The molal freezing point constant (Kf)for benzene is 5.12°C/m.

Which of the following solutions has the lowest boiling point?

The solubility of O2 in water is 0.590 g/L at an oxygen pressure of around 14.5 atm.What is the Henry's law constant for O2 (in units of mol/L·atm)?

How many milliliters of 15.7 M H2SO4 are needed to prepare 600.0 mL of 0.10 M H2SO4?

Consider a solution containing liquids A and B where the mole fraction of B is 0.60.Assuming ideality,calculate the mole fraction of B in the vapor at equilibrium with this solution at 25°C.(The vapor pressures of pure liquid A and B at 25°C are 129.4 torr and 400.0 torr,respectively. )

A solution contains 1 mole of liquid A and 3 moles of liquid B.This solution has a vapor pressure of 314 torr at 25°C.At 25°C,liquid A has a vapor pressure of 265 torr and liquid B has a vapor pressure of 355 torr.Which of the following is true?

Shaving cream is an example of which colloid type?

A solution of water and a nonvolatile,nonionizing compound is placed in a tube with a semipermeable membrane on one side.The tube is placed in a beaker of pure water.What initial net effect will occur?

When a nonvolatile solute is added to a volatile solvent,the solution vapor pressure __________,the boiling point __________,the freezing point __________,and the osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane __________.

A solution of two liquids,A and B,shows negative deviation from Raoult's law.This means that:

A 6.06-gram sample of a compound is dissolved in 250.grams of benzene.The freezing point of this solution is 1.02°C below that of pure benzene.What is the molar mass of this compound? (Note: Kf for benzene = 5.12°C/m. )Ignore significant figures for this problem.

Calculate the molarity of a solution of magnesium chloride with a concentration of 26.8 mg/mL.

Calculate both the boiling point and the freezing point if 46.0 g of glycerol,C3H5(OH)3,is dissolved in 500.0 g of H2O.

What is the freezing point of an aqueous 1.58 molal NaCl solution? (Kf = 1.86°C/m)

In a 0.1 molar solution of NaCl in water,which one of the following will be closest to 0.1?

Chemical Foundations

Atoms, molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry

Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry

Gases

Thermochemistry

Atomic Structure and Periodicity

Bonding: General Concepts

Covalent Bonding: Orbitals

Liquids and Solids

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria

Solubility and Complex Ion Equilibria

Spontaneity, entropy, and Free Energy

Electrochemistry

The Nucleus: a Chemists View

The Representative Elements

Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry

Organic and Biological Molecules

Filters

A solution containing 292 g of Mg(NO₃)₂ per liter has a density of 1.108 g/mL.The molality of the solution is:

A chemist is given a white solid that is suspected of being pure cocaine.When 1.22 g of the solid is dissolved in 15.60 g of benzene,the freezing point is lowered by 1.32°C.Calculate the molar mass of the solid.The molal freezing point constant (K_f)for benzene is 5.12°C/m.

The solubility of O₂ in water is 0.590 g/L at an oxygen pressure of around 14.5 atm.What is the Henry's law constant for O₂ (in units of mol/L·atm)?

How many milliliters of 15.7 M H₂SO₄ are needed to prepare 600.0 mL of 0.10 M H₂SO₄?

When a nonvolatile solute is added to a volatile solvent,the solution vapor pressure ,the boiling point ,the freezing point ,and the osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane .

A 6.06-gram sample of a compound is dissolved in 250.grams of benzene.The freezing point of this solution is 1.02°C below that of pure benzene.What is the molar mass of this compound? (Note: K_f for benzene = 5.12°C/m. )Ignore significant figures for this problem.

Calculate both the boiling point and the freezing point if 46.0 g of glycerol,C₃H₅(OH)₃,is dissolved in 500.0 g of H₂O.

What is the freezing point of an aqueous 1.58 molal NaCl solution? (K_f = 1.86°C/m)