Question 1

Two liquids form a solution and release a quantity of heat.How does the pressure above the solution compare to that predicted by Raoult's law?

Accepted Answer

A) It will be greater. 
B) It will be less. 
C) It will be the same. 
D) It will show positive deviation. 
E) None of these. 
A) It will be greater. 
B) It will be less. 
C) It will be the same. 
D) It will show positive deviation. 
E) None of these.

Question 2

A solution containing 306.5 g of Mg(NO3)2 per liter has a density of 1.114 g/mL.The molarity of the solution is:

Accepted Answer

A) 2.066 M 
B) 1.855 M 
C) 6.199 M 
D) 2.302 M 
E) none of these 
A) 2.066 M 
B) 1.855 M 
C) 6.199 M 
D) 2.302 M 
E) none of these

Question 3

Solutions of benzene and toluene obey Raoult's law.The vapor pressures at 20°C are: benzene,76 torr;toluene,21 torr.
-A benzene-toluene solution is allowed to come to equilibrium with its vapor.The vapor is then condensed and found to contain 50.0 mole percent of each component.Calculate the composition (mole percent)of the original solution.The vapor pressures of pure benzene and toluene at this temperature are: 750.torr and 300.torr,respectively.

Accepted Answer

A) 50.2% benzene 
B) 28.6% benzene 
C) 71.0% benzene 
D) 40.0% benzene 
E) none of these 
A) 50.2% benzene 
B) 28.6% benzene 
C) 71.0% benzene 
D) 40.0% benzene 
E) none of these

Question 4

Which of the following concentration measures will change in value as the temperature of a solution changes?

Accepted Answer

A) mass percent 
B) mole fraction 
C) molality 
D) molarity 
E) all of these 
A) mass percent 
B) mole fraction 
C) molality 
D) molarity 
E) all of these

Question 5

A cucumber is placed in a concentrated salt solution.What will most likely happen?

Accepted Answer

A) Water will flow from the cucumber to the solution. 
B) Water will flow from the solution to the cucumber. 
C) Salt will flow into the cucumber. 
D) Salt will precipitate out. 
E) No change will occur. 
A) Water will flow from the cucumber to the solution. 
B) Water will flow from the solution to the cucumber. 
C) Salt will flow into the cucumber. 
D) Salt will precipitate out. 
E) No change will occur.

Question 6

A 0.20 M solution of MgSO4 has an observed osmotic pressure of 7.6 atm at 25°C.Determine the observed van't Hoff factor for this experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) 19 
B) 0.31 
C) 1.6 
D) 1.8 
E) 2.0 
A) 19 
B) 0.31 
C) 1.6 
D) 1.8 
E) 2.0

Question 7

Which of the following favors the solubility of an ionic solid in a liquid solvent?

Accepted Answer

A) a large magnitude of the solvation energy of the ions 
B) a small magnitude of the lattice energy of the solute 
C) a large polarity of the solvent 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) a large magnitude of the solvation energy of the ions 
B) a small magnitude of the lattice energy of the solute 
C) a large polarity of the solvent 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 8

Which statement about hydrogen bonding is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Hydrogen bonding is the intermolecular attractive forces between two hydrogen atoms in solution. 
B) The hydrogen bonding capabilities of water molecules cause CH3CH2CH2CH3 to be more soluble in water than CH3OH. 
C) Hydrogen bonding of solvent molecules with a solute will not affect the solubility of the solute. 
D) Hydrogen bonding interactions between molecules are stronger than the covalent bonds within the molecule. 
E) Hydrogen bonding arises from the dipole moment created by the unequal sharing of electrons within certain covalent bonds within a molecule. 
A) Hydrogen bonding is the intermolecular attractive forces between two hydrogen atoms in solution. 
B) The hydrogen bonding capabilities of water molecules cause CH3CH2CH2CH3 to be more soluble in water than CH3OH. 
C) Hydrogen bonding of solvent molecules with a solute will not affect the solubility of the solute. 
D) Hydrogen bonding interactions between molecules are stronger than the covalent bonds within the molecule. 
E) Hydrogen bonding arises from the dipole moment created by the unequal sharing of electrons within certain covalent bonds within a molecule.

Question 9

At a given temperature,you have a mixture of benzene (vapor pressure of pure benzene = 745 torr)and toluene (vapor pressure of pure toluene = 290 torr).The mole fraction of benzene in the vapor above the solution is 0.590.Assuming ideal behavior,calculate the mole fraction of toluene in the solution.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.213 
B) 0.778 
C) 0.641 
D) 0.359 
E) 0.590 
A) 0.213 
B) 0.778 
C) 0.641 
D) 0.359 
E) 0.590

Question 10

For an acid-base reaction,1 M Al(OH)3 has a normality of 3 N.This is best explained because:

Accepted Answer

A) The equivalent mass is three times the molar mass. 
B) Each mole contains 3 moles of hydroxide ions that can react with 3 moles of hydrated protons. 
C) The mole fraction is equal to 3 when aluminum hydroxide is mixed with water. 
D) The normality is always three times stronger than the concentration of a solution. 
E) At least two of the above statements are correct. 
A) The equivalent mass is three times the molar mass. 
B) Each mole contains 3 moles of hydroxide ions that can react with 3 moles of hydrated protons. 
C) The mole fraction is equal to 3 when aluminum hydroxide is mixed with water. 
D) The normality is always three times stronger than the concentration of a solution. 
E) At least two of the above statements are correct.

Question 11

A 0.2 molar solution of a solute,X,in benzene,displays an osmotic pressure given by the formula $\pi$ = (0.1)RT.Which of the following is most likely to be the case?

Accepted Answer

A) X exists in benzene as X. 
B) X exists in benzene as X2. 
C) X exists in benzene dissociated into two particles. 
D) This solution strongly deviates from ideal behavior. 
E) None of these is plausible. 
A) X exists in benzene as X. 
B) X exists in benzene as X2. 
C) X exists in benzene dissociated into two particles. 
D) This solution strongly deviates from ideal behavior. 
E) None of these is plausible.

Question 12

Liquid A and liquid B form a solution that behaves ideally according to Raoult's law.The vapor pressures of the pure substances A and B are 233 torr and 135 torr,respectively.Determine the vapor pressure over the solution if 1.21 moles of liquid A is added to 5.30 moles of liquid B.

Accepted Answer

A) 153 torr 
B) 188 torr 
C) 215 torr 
D) 760 torr 
E) 43.3 torr 
A) 153 torr 
B) 188 torr 
C) 215 torr 
D) 760 torr 
E) 43.3 torr

Question 13

The solubility of a gas usually increases with increasing temperature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Osmotic pressure depends on all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) atmospheric pressure 
B) the molarity of the solution 
C) temperature 
D) the ratio of moles of solute to solution volume 
E) none of these 
A) atmospheric pressure 
B) the molarity of the solution 
C) temperature 
D) the ratio of moles of solute to solution volume 
E) none of these

Question 15

Solutions that have identical osmotic pressures are called __________ solutions.

Accepted Answer

A) hypertonic 
B) isotonic 
C) hypotonic 
D) hemolytic 
E) dyalitic 
A) hypertonic 
B) isotonic 
C) hypotonic 
D) hemolytic 
E) dyalitic

Question 16

A solution of hydrogen peroxide is 23.6% H2O2 by mass and has a density of 1.11 g/cm3.The molarity of the solution is:

Accepted Answer

A) 7.23 M 
B) 0.262 M 
C) 7.70 M 
D) 8.03 M 
E) none of these 
A) 7.23 M 
B) 0.262 M 
C) 7.70 M 
D) 8.03 M 
E) none of these

Question 17

Determine the change in boiling point for 397.7 g of carbon disulfide (Kb = 2.34°C kg/mol)if 35.0 g of a nonvolatile,nonionizing compound is dissolved in it.The molar mass of the compound is 70.0 g/mol and the boiling point of the pure carbon disulfide is 46.2°C.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.206 °C 
B) 1.86 °C 
C) 5.88 °C 
D) 24.8 °C 
E) 2.94 °C 
A) 0.206 °C 
B) 1.86 °C 
C) 5.88 °C 
D) 24.8 °C 
E) 2.94 °C

Question 18

A chemist is given a white solid that is suspected of being pure cocaine (molar mass = 303.35 g/mol).When 1.22 g of the solid is dissolved in 15.60 g of benzene,the freezing point is lowered by 1.32°C.The molar mass is calculated from these data to be 303 g.Assuming the following uncertainties,can the chemist be sure the substance is not codeine (molar mass 299.36)? Kf for benzene is 5.12°C/m.
Uncertainties
Mass of solid = ±0.01 g
Mass of benzene = ±0.01 g
$\Delta$T (freezing point lowering)= ±0.04°C
Kf = ±0.01
Support your answer with calculations.

Accepted Answer

We want to find the minimum molar mass g

Question 19

A solution of CH3OH in H2O would most likely

Accepted Answer

A) be ideal 
B) show positive deviations from Raoult's law 
C) show negative deviations from Raoult's law 
D) not be ideal,but the deviations cannot be predicted 
E) obey Raoult's law 
A) be ideal 
B) show positive deviations from Raoult's law 
C) show negative deviations from Raoult's law 
D) not be ideal,but the deviations cannot be predicted 
E) obey Raoult's law

Question 20

We can predict the solubility of a compound by looking at the sign of the enthalpy of solution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Two liquids form a solution and release a quantity of heat.How does the pressure above the solution compare to that predicted by Raoult's law?

A solution containing 306.5 g of Mg(NO₃)₂ per liter has a density of 1.114 g/mL.The molarity of the solution is:

Which of the following concentration measures will change in value as the temperature of a solution changes?

A cucumber is placed in a concentrated salt solution.What will most likely happen?

A 0.20 M solution of MgSO₄ has an observed osmotic pressure of 7.6 atm at 25°C.Determine the observed van't Hoff factor for this experiment.

Which of the following favors the solubility of an ionic solid in a liquid solvent?

Which statement about hydrogen bonding is true?

For an acid-base reaction,1 M Al(OH)₃ has a normality of 3 N.This is best explained because:

A 0.2 molar solution of a solute,X,in benzene,displays an osmotic pressure given by the formula $\pi$ = (0.1)RT.Which of the following is most likely to be the case?

Liquid A and liquid B form a solution that behaves ideally according to Raoult's law.The vapor pressures of the pure substances A and B are 233 torr and 135 torr,respectively.Determine the vapor pressure over the solution if 1.21 moles of liquid A is added to 5.30 moles of liquid B.

The solubility of a gas usually increases with increasing temperature.

Osmotic pressure depends on all but which of the following?

Solutions that have identical osmotic pressures are called __________ solutions.

A solution of hydrogen peroxide is 23.6% H₂O₂ by mass and has a density of 1.11 g/cm³.The molarity of the solution is:

Determine the change in boiling point for 397.7 g of carbon disulfide (K_b = 2.34°C kg/mol)if 35.0 g of a nonvolatile,nonionizing compound is dissolved in it.The molar mass of the compound is 70.0 g/mol and the boiling point of the pure carbon disulfide is 46.2°C.

A solution of CH₃OH in H₂O would most likely

We can predict the solubility of a compound by looking at the sign of the enthalpy of solution.

Chemical Foundations

Atoms, molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry

Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry

Gases

Thermochemistry

Atomic Structure and Periodicity

Bonding: General Concepts

Covalent Bonding: Orbitals

Liquids and Solids

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria

Solubility and Complex Ion Equilibria

Spontaneity, entropy, and Free Energy

Electrochemistry

The Nucleus: a Chemists View

The Representative Elements

Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry

Organic and Biological Molecules

Filters

Exam 11: Properties of Solutions

Two liquids form a solution and release a quantity of heat.How does the pressure above the solution compare to that predicted by Raoult's law?

A solution containing 306.5 g of Mg(NO3)2 per liter has a density of 1.114 g/mL.The molarity of the solution is:

Which of the following concentration measures will change in value as the temperature of a solution changes?

A cucumber is placed in a concentrated salt solution.What will most likely happen?

A 0.20 M solution of MgSO4 has an observed osmotic pressure of 7.6 atm at 25°C.Determine the observed van't Hoff factor for this experiment.

Which of the following favors the solubility of an ionic solid in a liquid solvent?

Which statement about hydrogen bonding is true?

For an acid-base reaction,1 M Al(OH)3 has a normality of 3 N.This is best explained because:

A 0.2 molar solution of a solute,X,in benzene,displays an osmotic pressure given by the formula π\piπ = (0.1)RT.Which of the following is most likely to be the case?

Liquid A and liquid B form a solution that behaves ideally according to Raoult's law.The vapor pressures of the pure substances A and B are 233 torr and 135 torr,respectively.Determine the vapor pressure over the solution if 1.21 moles of liquid A is added to 5.30 moles of liquid B.

The solubility of a gas usually increases with increasing temperature.

Osmotic pressure depends on all but which of the following?

Solutions that have identical osmotic pressures are called __________ solutions.

A solution of hydrogen peroxide is 23.6% H2O2 by mass and has a density of 1.11 g/cm3.The molarity of the solution is:

Determine the change in boiling point for 397.7 g of carbon disulfide (Kb = 2.34°C kg/mol)if 35.0 g of a nonvolatile,nonionizing compound is dissolved in it.The molar mass of the compound is 70.0 g/mol and the boiling point of the pure carbon disulfide is 46.2°C.

A solution of CH3OH in H2O would most likely

We can predict the solubility of a compound by looking at the sign of the enthalpy of solution.

Chemical Foundations

Atoms, molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry

Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry

Gases

Thermochemistry

Atomic Structure and Periodicity

Bonding: General Concepts

Covalent Bonding: Orbitals

Liquids and Solids

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria

Solubility and Complex Ion Equilibria

Spontaneity, entropy, and Free Energy

Electrochemistry

The Nucleus: a Chemists View

The Representative Elements

Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry

Organic and Biological Molecules

Filters

A solution containing 306.5 g of Mg(NO₃)₂ per liter has a density of 1.114 g/mL.The molarity of the solution is:

A 0.20 M solution of MgSO₄ has an observed osmotic pressure of 7.6 atm at 25°C.Determine the observed van't Hoff factor for this experiment.

For an acid-base reaction,1 M Al(OH)₃ has a normality of 3 N.This is best explained because:

A 0.2 molar solution of a solute,X,in benzene,displays an osmotic pressure given by the formula $\pi$ = (0.1)RT.Which of the following is most likely to be the case?

A solution of hydrogen peroxide is 23.6% H₂O₂ by mass and has a density of 1.11 g/cm³.The molarity of the solution is:

Determine the change in boiling point for 397.7 g of carbon disulfide (K_b = 2.34°C kg/mol)if 35.0 g of a nonvolatile,nonionizing compound is dissolved in it.The molar mass of the compound is 70.0 g/mol and the boiling point of the pure carbon disulfide is 46.2°C.

A solution of CH₃OH in H₂O would most likely