Exam 3: Moving From Fact to Truth: Validity, Reliability, and Measurement

Studies that provide good information about causal relations between variables are high in:

According to the text,one way to think abo___________ is that it represents test-retest reliability as assessed over an extreme_____ waiting period.

According to the text,ruling out other probable causes of an event before concluding that one thing (e.g. ,testosterone)is the cause of another (e.g. ,aggression)is known as:

Your social security number is best thought of as a(n):

The central point behind the three strange stories that begin Chapter 3 (e.g. ,the story about the beginner's golf shot)is that:

The three basic forms of reliability emphasized in the text are:

Most common psychological scores (e.g. ,an IQ score,a self-esteem score,a score on a 7-point Likert scale)are:

Psychology has been criticized by many people because its research generally uses white college students as participants.Critics would argue that focusing on such a limited group is a threat to:

If we wanted to formally assess the reliability of a set of judgments (scores)made by a group of boxing or figure skating judges,which form of reliability would we need to assess?

Most researchers would argue th____ studies tend to be high in external validity.

The difference between the Celsius and the Kelvin scales for measuring temperature is that only the Kelvin scale has a true zero point.Thus,the Celsius scale is a_______ measurement scale whereas the Kelvin scale is a_______ measurement scale.

The quality of a researcher's operational definitions is closely associated with:

High levels of empathy usually go hand in hand with high levels of helping behavior.That is,people who are very high in empathy are usually more likely to help others.This is an example of:

The degree to which a hypothesis successfully maps onto the broader theory that it was designed to test is known as:

Because high levels of cloudiness usually go hand in hand with (i.e. ,are correlated with)high levels of rainfall,Rogelio concludes that rain causes cloudiness.Rogelio has failed to take into account information regarding:

The best synonym for external validity is:

Test-retest reliability can only be assessed:

Which is the easiest to assess statistically?

For typical studies,what is an ideal time frame to wait before re-testing participants on a measure?

Maura and Link each developed multiple-item survey measures of self-perceived creativity.You read all of the items in both surveys,and as far as you can tell,the items all seem clear and valid.However,Maura developed a 10-item measure,and Link developed a 16-item measure.Whose measure should you probably prefer?