Question 1

Multitasking, an example of selective optimization, becomes more difficult with every passing decade.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Practical intelligence is supported by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  experience and flexibility 
B)  education and wealth 
C)  health and nutrition 
D)  GPA and advanced degrees 
A)  experience and flexibility 
B)  education and wealth 
C)  health and nutrition 
D)  GPA and advanced degrees

Question 3

The Flynn effect is MOST likely due to changes in _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  test-taking strategies 
B)  electronic media 
C)  people's reaction times 
D)  education and health 
A)  test-taking strategies 
B)  electronic media 
C)  people's reaction times 
D)  education and health

Question 4

Ken is a highly skilled electrician, and Gwen is his new apprentice. When unexpected problems occur as they work on complex wiring projects, the MOST critical difference between their approaches in successfully completing the job is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ken's automatic processing 
B)  Gwen's trial and error 
C)  Ken's innate ability 
D)  Gwen's use of trade manuals 
A)  Ken's automatic processing 
B)  Gwen's trial and error 
C)  Ken's innate ability 
D)  Gwen's use of trade manuals

Question 5

The Wilson family is having a big reunion, with four generations planning to attend. Applying the Flynn effect to this family, we would expect that _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the first generation of Wilsons would score the highest on a standard IQ test 
B)  the fourth generation of Wilsons would score the highest on a standard IQ test 
C)  the second and third generations of Wilsons would score similarly on a standard IQ test 
D)  all four generations would score similarly on a standard IQ test 
A)  the first generation of Wilsons would score the highest on a standard IQ test 
B)  the fourth generation of Wilsons would score the highest on a standard IQ test 
C)  the second and third generations of Wilsons would score similarly on a standard IQ test 
D)  all four generations would score similarly on a standard IQ test

Question 6

Research shows that older adults are MOST likely to identify _____ as a trigger for their daily stress.

Accepted Answer

A)  relationships 
B)  politics 
C)  money 
D)  family responsibilities 
A)  relationships 
B)  politics 
C)  money 
D)  family responsibilities

Question 7

The older Gary gets, the more difficult it is going to be for him to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  define the word "homemade" 
B)  answer what comes next in the series "4916253" 
C)  recall the seventh president of the United States 
D)  learn the meaning of a new word 
A)  define the word "homemade" 
B)  answer what comes next in the series "4916253" 
C)  recall the seventh president of the United States 
D)  learn the meaning of a new word

Question 8

Expert thinking is intuitive, automatic, strategic, and flexible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A method of dealing with a problem by ignoring, forgetting, or hiding it is referred to as "_____ coping."

Accepted Answer

A)  emotion-focused 
B)  problem-focused 
C)  avoidant 
D)  active 
A)  emotion-focused 
B)  problem-focused 
C)  avoidant 
D)  active

Question 10

Which example relies MOST heavily on crystallized intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  putting together a puzzle 
B)  knowing the chemical symbols for various elements 
C)  exhibiting creativity with words 
D)  analyzing relationships between concepts 
A)  putting together a puzzle 
B)  knowing the chemical symbols for various elements 
C)  exhibiting creativity with words 
D)  analyzing relationships between concepts

Question 11

The most crucial cognitive difference between a skilled person and an unskilled person may be _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  strategy 
B)  automatic processing 
C)  intuition 
D)  flexibility 
A)  strategy 
B)  automatic processing 
C)  intuition 
D)  flexibility

Question 12

Based on the results of cross-sectional intelligence testing, _____ for the first half of the twentieth century.

Accepted Answer

A)  younger generations were considered to be smarter than older ones 
B)  older generations were considered to be smarter than younger ones 
C)  older generations were considered to know entirely different things than younger ones 
D)  younger and older generations were considered equally smart 
A)  younger generations were considered to be smarter than older ones 
B)  older generations were considered to be smarter than younger ones 
C)  older generations were considered to know entirely different things than younger ones 
D)  younger and older generations were considered equally smart

Question 13

Cohort differences are among the factors that account for age-related variation in adult intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In K. Warner Schaie's study, each successive cohort scored higher in adulthood than did the previous generations in _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  spatial orientation; inductive reasoning 
B)  verbal memory; inductive reasoning 
C)  verbal memory; spatial orientation 
D)  inductive reasoning; number ability 
A)  spatial orientation; inductive reasoning 
B)  verbal memory; inductive reasoning 
C)  verbal memory; spatial orientation 
D)  inductive reasoning; number ability

Question 15

Experienced adults often use selective optimization with compensation, becoming experts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

According to Robert Sternberg, "analytic intelligence" involves _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the skills used in everyday problem solving 
B)  abstract planning, focused attention, and verbal and logical skills 
C)  the accumulation of facts and knowledge as a result of experience 
D)  the capacity to be intellectually flexible and innovative 
A)  the skills used in everyday problem solving 
B)  abstract planning, focused attention, and verbal and logical skills 
C)  the accumulation of facts and knowledge as a result of experience 
D)  the capacity to be intellectually flexible and innovative

Question 17

According to the text, an expert internal medicine doctor may prefer a patient who _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  has a clearly diagnosable condition 
B)  is in perfect health 
C)  has symptoms that do not match any diagnosable condition 
D)  does not come in for medical care until his or her home remedies fail 
A)  has a clearly diagnosable condition 
B)  is in perfect health 
C)  has symptoms that do not match any diagnosable condition 
D)  does not come in for medical care until his or her home remedies fail

Question 18

The best coping strategy in every stressful situation is always emotion-focused coping.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The superior strategies of the expert permit selective optimization with compensation. In a study, trained pilots were given directions by air traffic controllers in a flight simulation. The study found that _____ used their own shorthand to illustrate and emphasize ideas.

Accepted Answer

A)  experienced pilots took more accurate and complete notes and 
B)  inexperienced pilots took more accurate and complete notes and 
C)  experienced and inexperienced pilots took equally accurate and complete notes and each 
D)  experienced pilots took more accurate and complete notes and inexperienced pilots 
A)  experienced pilots took more accurate and complete notes and 
B)  inexperienced pilots took more accurate and complete notes and 
C)  experienced and inexperienced pilots took equally accurate and complete notes and each 
D)  experienced pilots took more accurate and complete notes and inexperienced pilots

Question 20

Which is the best example of fluid intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  knowing the names of the British monarchs in chronological order 
B)  the ability to quickly recognize relationships between words 
C)  extensive knowledge of computer programming 
D)  the ability to read and interpret an electrocardiogram 
A)  knowing the names of the British monarchs in chronological order 
B)  the ability to quickly recognize relationships between words 
C)  extensive knowledge of computer programming 
D)  the ability to read and interpret an electrocardiogram

Exam 21: Adulthood: Cognitive Development

Multitasking, an example of selective optimization, becomes more difficult with every passing decade.

Practical intelligence is supported by _____.

The Flynn effect is MOST likely due to changes in _____.

Ken is a highly skilled electrician, and Gwen is his new apprentice. When unexpected problems occur as they work on complex wiring projects, the MOST critical difference between their approaches in successfully completing the job is _____.

The Wilson family is having a big reunion, with four generations planning to attend. Applying the Flynn effect to this family, we would expect that _____.

Research shows that older adults are MOST likely to identify _____ as a trigger for their daily stress.

The older Gary gets, the more difficult it is going to be for him to _____.

Expert thinking is intuitive, automatic, strategic, and flexible.

A method of dealing with a problem by ignoring, forgetting, or hiding it is referred to as "_____ coping."

Which example relies MOST heavily on crystallized intelligence?

The most crucial cognitive difference between a skilled person and an unskilled person may be _____.

Based on the results of cross-sectional intelligence testing, _____ for the first half of the twentieth century.

Cohort differences are among the factors that account for age-related variation in adult intelligence.

In K. Warner Schaie's study, each successive cohort scored higher in adulthood than did the previous generations in _____ and _____.

Experienced adults often use selective optimization with compensation, becoming experts.

According to Robert Sternberg, "analytic intelligence" involves _____.

According to the text, an expert internal medicine doctor may prefer a patient who _____.

The best coping strategy in every stressful situation is always emotion-focused coping.

The superior strategies of the expert permit selective optimization with compensation. In a study, trained pilots were given directions by air traffic controllers in a flight simulation. The study found that _____ used their own shorthand to illustrate and emphasize ideas.

Which is the best example of fluid intelligence?

The Science of Human Development

Theories of Development

Heredity and Environment

Prenatal Development and Birth

The First Two Years: Biosocial Development

The First Two Years: Cognitive Development

The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development

Early Childhood: Biosocial Development

Early Childhood: Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Psychosocial Development

Middle Childhood: Biosocial Development

Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Psychosocial Development

Adolescence: Biosocial Development

Adolescence: Cognitive Development

Adolescence: Psychosocial Development

Emerging Adulthood: Biosocial Development

Emerging Adulthood: Cognitive Development

Emerging Adulthood: Psychosocial Development

Adulthood: Biosocial Development

Adulthood: Psychosocial Development

Late Adulthood: Biosocial Development

Late Adulthood: Cognitive Development

Late Adulthood: Psychosocial Development

Epilogue Death and Dying

Filters

In K. Warner Schaie's study, each successive cohort scored higher in adulthood than did the previous generations in _ and _.