Exam 15: Adolescence: Cognitive Development

Richard plays video games for many hours each day. Richard can expect to have lower _____.

Jamal and his classmates are taking a test today that will determine whether they graduate from high school. Jamal and his classmates are taking a(n) _____ test.

In schools structured so that individuals compete rather than work cooperatively, low-scoring students may _____.

According to the results of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), the countries with the highest math test scores are _____.

State two risks associated with the invincibility fable and two risks associated with the imaginary audience.

In a study of adolescent agreement and disagreement with policies to remedy racial discrimination, most adolescents believed that racism was the cause of disparities between African and European Americans, but adolescents' ages influenced their ideas about solutions to the inequality. Those who were most likely to support systemic solutions (e.g., affirmative action and desegregation) were between the ages of _____.

Formal, logical, hypothetical-deductive thinking described by Piaget is referred to as "______."

Fifteen-year-old Richard wants to be allowed to drive the family car, even though he does not yet have a driver's license. When his parents ask him why he thinks he should have driving privileges, he answers, "I know other kids who do it, and it's just stupid that I have to wait another three months until I turn 16." This is an example of what kind of thinking?

The nations with the best PISA results do NOT _____.

____ processing is the notion that two networks exist within the human brain, one for emotional processing of stimuli and one for analytical reasoning.

Egocentrism leads adolescents to interpret everyone else's behavior as if it were a judgment on them.

As adolescents develop their capacity for hypothetical thinking, they become more capable of deductive reasoning.

Luis is in the seventh grade. Under typical circumstances, Luis is attending a(n) _____ school.

For many students, academic achievement _____ and behavioral problems increase during middle school.

Adolescents are capable of analytic thought, yet they do not consistently use it. All of the following are possible reasons for the inconsistent use of analytic thought by adolescents EXCEPT _____.

During puberty, adolescents' thoughts center on _____.

According to Jean Piaget, adolescents enter the cognitive stage called "_____ thought."

Spreading insults and rumors by means of e-mails, text messages, or Web postings is called " _____."

A strategy to increase student motivation in middle schools is to encourage a belief in _____.

Students who are capable of passing their classes as measured on IQ tests drop out of high school almost as often as those who are less capable.