Question 1

Which of the following is an example of predation?

Accepted Answer

A)  daddy-long-legs, a type of arachnid that eats dead and decaying matter 
B)  marine filter-feeders that have long tentacles to filter food particles from the water 
C)  a starfish which is able to evert its stomach to break open and eat clams 
D)  a vulture feeding on a dead carcass 
E)  a tick that attaches to a deer and sucks its blood 
A)  daddy-long-legs, a type of arachnid that eats dead and decaying matter 
B)  marine filter-feeders that have long tentacles to filter food particles from the water 
C)  a starfish which is able to evert its stomach to break open and eat clams 
D)  a vulture feeding on a dead carcass 
E)  a tick that attaches to a deer and sucks its blood

Question 2

To increase her tomato yield, an organic gardener plants legumes alongside her tomato bushes rather than using fertilizers. Why did she plant legumes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Legumes have root nodules with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 
B)  Legumes convert ammonium to nitrates. 
C)  Root nodules on legumes have denitrifying bacteria. 
D)  Legumes are an immediate source of phosphorus and nitrogen. 
E)  Root nodules on legumes produce nitrifying bacteria. 
A)  Legumes have root nodules with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 
B)  Legumes convert ammonium to nitrates. 
C)  Root nodules on legumes have denitrifying bacteria. 
D)  Legumes are an immediate source of phosphorus and nitrogen. 
E)  Root nodules on legumes produce nitrifying bacteria.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  zebras and the lions that prey on them 
B)  a coral reef together with all the fishes and invertebrates living in and around it 
C)  flowering plants and all the insects and birds that pollinate them 
D)  male prairie chickens competing for access to mates 
E)  rabbits eating carrots 
A)  zebras and the lions that prey on them 
B)  a coral reef together with all the fishes and invertebrates living in and around it 
C)  flowering plants and all the insects and birds that pollinate them 
D)  male prairie chickens competing for access to mates 
E)  rabbits eating carrots

Question 4

Which of the following boxes indicates the process of denitrification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Box A 
B)  Box B 
C)  Box C 
D)  Box D 
E)  Box E 
A)  Box A 
B)  Box B 
C)  Box C 
D)  Box D 
E)  Box E

Question 5

Which of the following would be considered a parasitic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations"help camouflage the crab, and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunts and eats a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtain all of their nutrients from the host, which can cause problems for the host especially if he or she is undernourished. 
A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations"help camouflage the crab, and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunts and eats a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtain all of their nutrients from the host, which can cause problems for the host especially if he or she is undernourished.

Question 6

What is the first step in energy flow through an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Producers absorb solar energy. 
B)  Producers are eaten by the herbivores. 
C)  Decomposers break down the organic matter and make it available for the producers. 
D)  Top-level carnivores eat the herbivores or omnivores within the ecosystem. 
E)  Producers absorb nutrients from the soil. 
A)  Producers absorb solar energy. 
B)  Producers are eaten by the herbivores. 
C)  Decomposers break down the organic matter and make it available for the producers. 
D)  Top-level carnivores eat the herbivores or omnivores within the ecosystem. 
E)  Producers absorb nutrients from the soil.

Question 7

A keystone species is

Accepted Answer

A)  the largest species in a community. 
B)  the most numerous species in a community. 
C)  the least numerous species in a community. 
D)  a species on which many other species depend. 
E)  the species that occupies most of the niches within a particular environment. 
A)  the largest species in a community. 
B)  the most numerous species in a community. 
C)  the least numerous species in a community. 
D)  a species on which many other species depend. 
E)  the species that occupies most of the niches within a particular environment.

Question 8

An organism that obtains its food from the process of photosynthesis is an)

Accepted Answer

A)  autotroph. 
B)  consumer. 
C)  heterotroph. 
D)  decomposer. 
E)  omnivore. 
A)  autotroph. 
B)  consumer. 
C)  heterotroph. 
D)  decomposer. 
E)  omnivore.

Question 9

When too many nutrients are added to of a body of water, this is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  a biogeochemical cycle. 
B)  reservoirs. 
C)  eutrophication. 
D)  global warming. 
E)  nitrogen fixing. 
A)  a biogeochemical cycle. 
B)  reservoirs. 
C)  eutrophication. 
D)  global warming. 
E)  nitrogen fixing.

Question 10

What process is occurring in Box C?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrification 
B)  decomposition 
C)  denitrification 
D)  nitrogen fixing 
E)  nitrogen incorporation 
A)  nitrification 
B)  decomposition 
C)  denitrification 
D)  nitrogen fixing 
E)  nitrogen incorporation

Question 11

As humans continue to use fossil fuels as a primary source of energy, the amount of carbon entering the atmosphere from fossil fuel combustion will continue to increase dramatically. What is the effect of large-scale deforestation on the carbon in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because trees are a major sink for atmospheric carbon, fewer trees will result in less carbon being removed from the atmosphere for photosynthesis. 
B)  As trees are removed, there is more room for carbon to enter the soil directly and be used by other plants. 
C)  The large-scale removal of forests does not have any real effect on atmospheric carbon, because carbon dioxide is not stored in trees. 
D)  Because trees produce carbon dioxide, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere will decrease with their wide-scale removal. 
A)  Because trees are a major sink for atmospheric carbon, fewer trees will result in less carbon being removed from the atmosphere for photosynthesis. 
B)  As trees are removed, there is more room for carbon to enter the soil directly and be used by other plants. 
C)  The large-scale removal of forests does not have any real effect on atmospheric carbon, because carbon dioxide is not stored in trees. 
D)  Because trees produce carbon dioxide, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere will decrease with their wide-scale removal.

Question 12

The first pioneer species to appear in an area undergoing secondary succession is

Accepted Answer

A)  an equilibrium species. 
B)  long-lived. 
C)  able to produce numerous offspring. 
D)  a secondary consumer. 
E)  slow to reach sexual maturity. 
A)  an equilibrium species. 
B)  long-lived. 
C)  able to produce numerous offspring. 
D)  a secondary consumer. 
E)  slow to reach sexual maturity.

Question 13

Which of the following would be considered a mutualistic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations"help camouflage the crab, and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunts and eats a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtain all of their nutrients from the host. 
A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations"help camouflage the crab, and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunts and eats a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtain all of their nutrients from the host.

Question 14

A community is

Accepted Answer

A)  populations of multiple species interacting with one another in a specific area. 
B)  populations of organisms and the abiotic factors in their environment. 
C)  competition for food between individuals in a population. 
D)  all the biotic and abiotic factors in an environment. 
E)  multiple organisms of the same species living in a specific area. 
A)  populations of multiple species interacting with one another in a specific area. 
B)  populations of organisms and the abiotic factors in their environment. 
C)  competition for food between individuals in a population. 
D)  all the biotic and abiotic factors in an environment. 
E)  multiple organisms of the same species living in a specific area.

Question 15

Martin is studying blue gill fish, which are insectivores. How would you classify this fish?

Accepted Answer

A)  autotrophic consumer 
B)  autotrophic producer 
C)  heterotrophic decomposer 
D)  detritivore 
E)  heterotrophic consumer 
A)  autotrophic consumer 
B)  autotrophic producer 
C)  heterotrophic decomposer 
D)  detritivore 
E)  heterotrophic consumer

Question 16

What is the main reason that the tundra does not have large plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  The seeds of large plants were never dispersed into these regions. 
B)  The amount of sunlight is not great enough for large plants to survive. 
C)  The amount of rainfall is not enough for large plants to survive. 
D)  The other species of plants have outcompeted them for resources. 
E)  The permafrost persists, even during the summer. 
A)  The seeds of large plants were never dispersed into these regions. 
B)  The amount of sunlight is not great enough for large plants to survive. 
C)  The amount of rainfall is not enough for large plants to survive. 
D)  The other species of plants have outcompeted them for resources. 
E)  The permafrost persists, even during the summer.

Question 17

Which of the following would be considered an example of competition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations"help camouflage the crab, and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunts and eats a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtain all of their nutrients from the host. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimeslatch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse. 
A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations"help camouflage the crab, and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunts and eats a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtain all of their nutrients from the host. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimeslatch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse.

Question 18

Which two terrestrial biomes are the most similar with regards to rainfall?

Accepted Answer

A)  desert & taiga 
B)  rainforest & desert 
C)  desert & temperate forest 
D)  temperate grasslands & desert 
E)  temperate forests & rainforests 
A)  desert & taiga 
B)  rainforest & desert 
C)  desert & temperate forest 
D)  temperate grasslands & desert 
E)  temperate forests & rainforests

Exam 31: Communities and Ecosystems

Which of the following is an example of predation?

To increase her tomato yield, an organic gardener plants legumes alongside her tomato bushes rather than using fertilizers. Why did she plant legumes?

Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem?

Which of the following boxes indicates the process of denitrification?

Which of the following would be considered a parasitic relationship?

What is the first step in energy flow through an ecosystem?

A keystone species is

An organism that obtains its food from the process of photosynthesis is an)

When too many nutrients are added to of a body of water, this is known as

What process is occurring in Box C?

As humans continue to use fossil fuels as a primary source of energy, the amount of carbon entering the atmosphere from fossil fuel combustion will continue to increase dramatically. What is the effect of large-scale deforestation on the carbon in the atmosphere?

The first pioneer species to appear in an area undergoing secondary succession is

Which of the following would be considered a mutualistic relationship?

A community is

Martin is studying blue gill fish, which are insectivores. How would you classify this fish?

What is the main reason that the tundra does not have large plants?

Which of the following would be considered an example of competition?

Which two terrestrial biomes are the most similar with regards to rainfall?

A View of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

The Dynamic Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and the Genetic Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Biology and Technology

Biotechnology and Genomics

Genetic Counseling

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

Evolution on a Large Scale

The Microorganisms: Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

The Plants and Fungi

The Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Responses and Reproduction

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

The Maintenance Systems

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Disease

The Control Systems

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Ecology of Populations

Human Impact on the Biosphere

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