Exam 9: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Belief perseverance refers to

Suddenly understanding the double meaning of a joke best illustrates

Heike's older brother has suffered from chronic depression for several years. Unfortunately, Heike has been incorrectly informed by her parents that there is a 40 percent chance she will also suffer from depression. Explain how the availability heuristic, framing, the confirmation bias, and belief perseverance might lead Heike to conclude that she will definitely be a victim of a severe depressive disorder.

The overconfidence phenomenon refers to the tendency to

Which linguistic theorist was most impressed by the underlying similarities of all human language systems?

If a road test for a driver's license adequately samples the tasks a driver routinely faces, the test is said to have

The psychologist who has proposed that intelligence is composed of analytic, creative, and practical aspects is

Babies' first demonstration of productive language occurs

The smallest distinctive sound unit of language is called a

Bilingual people, who inhibit one language while using the other, can better inhibit their attention to irrelevant information. This has been called

The characteristics of savant syndrome most directly suggest that intelligence is

A best example of a category of objects, events, ideas, and people is called a(n)

Psychological tests show that 18-year-old Isaiah has an intelligence score of 65. Nevertheless, Isaiah can, with a few seconds of mental calculation, accurately tell the day of the week on which Christmas falls for any year in this century. It would be fair to conclude that

B. F. Skinner emphasized the importance of ________ in language acquisition.

Without awareness, we often use highly adaptive heuristics. This best illustrates the value of

Girls are most likely to outperform boys in a

The bilingual advantage refers to the fact that people who are fluent in two languages are better at

A mental set is a

Energetic persistence in pursuit of challenging goals is most clearly an indication of

People who demonstrate overconfidence are especially likely to